Business plan: passenger transportation. Sample business plan for passenger transportation Passenger transportation by minibus as a business

The passenger transportation business always pays off, but if you work with only one car, you won’t earn much. The income of such an entrepreneur is quite comparable to the income of an employee. Opening a route is another matter. As practice shows, 10-12 machines will allow you to make a good profit. According to reviews, the minibus business has a profitability of 10-15%, but a lot depends on the specific route.

Resume

This “Passenger Transportation” business plan aims to open a small transport enterprise “Private Transport” in Barnaul. The company will transport passengers along a given city route.

Planned payback period: 1 year.

Form of ownership: LLC.

Company information

Private Transport LLC will serve city residents from 6.00 to 23.00. The chosen route is long and allows city residents to travel from one residential area to another, then the center. To implement a business plan related to minibuses in Barnaul, we will need 10 minibuses, taking into account that the duration of the route in the summer is 1 hour (from one final stop to the other). Thus, the movement interval will be 6 minutes.

Business environment

The transport picture in the city is balanced. The existing proposal generally satisfies the needs of residents, however, there are areas that have not yet been covered.

Currently, large-capacity buses are not in demand in the city. Residents are accustomed to fast GAZelles. This maneuverable vehicle covers distances much faster than a large bus. In addition, the capacity of 12-13 people allows you to make stops much less frequently, which also saves passengers time. In such conditions, it is impossible to count on the success of route transportation using equipment with a capacity of 30-40 passengers. On short routes, you can still use buses designed for 20-25 seats. On the long route we have chosen, it is advisable to use transport that delivers the passenger to the right place as quickly as possible.

Marketing and sales plan

The marketing research conducted shows the demand for this route among city residents. Considering that transport will pass through the city center, high demand can be expected.

A typical business plan for passenger transportation shows that a minibus makes 10 trips daily (taking into account the fact that at late times there are fewer buses on the route than in the morning and afternoon hours). The cost of 1 trip is 17 rubles. The capacity of the minibus is 13 passengers. Consequently, the average monthly income per unit of equipment will be equal to 66.3 thousand rubles. The income of 10 GAZelles per month is 663 thousand rubles, per year - 7,956 thousand rubles.

In order to inform the population about the new route, it will be necessary to hang signs at stops with the route number and an indication of the main stops. Their cost will be 2 thousand rubles. An expensive advertising campaign is not practical for this type of business. Moreover, the minibus itself is an excellent place for advertising, which will become an additional source of income in the future.

Operational plan

Taking into account the fact that this type of activity is subject to licensing, the preparatory work will take quite a lot of time. First you will need to register the company, open an account, notify the tax authorities and the Pension Fund. Next, you can begin to obtain a license, which is valid for 5 years.

You also need to conclude a lease agreement with the owner of ten garages in advance, so that the purchased equipment has a place to put it.

Having completed the preparatory work, you can begin purchasing fixed assets. Domestic GAZelles from the Gorky Automobile Plant will be purchased. This transport, unfortunately, is characterized by high consumption of fuel and lubricants, but in our conditions the purchase of other equipment is not justified. New cars will be purchased, since predictability is important for citizens waiting for public transport. And frequent breakdowns and long intervals in route transportation will inevitably lead to a sharp reduction in the number of passengers. People are usually willing to wait for direct transport if they know it will take a little time.

The cost of standard GAZelles is about 700 thousand rubles. Thus, the cost of fixed assets will amount to 7 million rubles.

Costs for spare parts will be low in the first year. As practice shows, when GAZelles are used intensively, and minibuses are used mercilessly, the first three years of service do not require expensive repairs. As a result, downtime due to repairs will not be frequent in these years. Significant expenses will be required only for fuel and lubricants. On average, 1 thousand rubles are spent per month on fuel and spare parts for 1 bus.

Workforce plan

To start, we will need 16 drivers working on a rotating schedule and 4 dispatchers. Drivers for urban passenger transport should have at least 3 years of experience. Their salary must be at least 30 thousand rubles.

Resume

The use of passenger transport is a necessity for many people, so there will always be a demand for services. A business plan for passenger transportation includes a detailed reflection of the activities that need to be carried out to start a business, as well as calculations of performance indicators and economic efficiency of the project.

It is expected that the company will offer intercity transportation services along routes, including tourist and individual transportation. For this purpose, it is planned to purchase 15 minibuses.

Payback period is about 2.5 years.

Contents of the passenger transportation business plan:

1. Resume.
2. Characteristics of a business idea.
3. Research of the market situation.
4. Investment attraction plan.
5. Customer service strategy, revenue forecasting.
6. Current operating costs.
7. Calculation of break-even point.
8. Determination of financial and investment indicators.
9. Assessment of risk factors, ways of working with them.
10. Conclusions.

For what purposes is a business plan needed?

1. To determine the feasibility of launching a project, assessing the budget, implementation time frame and payback.
2. To apply to any financial and commercial institution for a loan.
3. To track the progress of the project, adjustments at each stage of work if necessary.
4. To reduce the level of risks and properly organize work with threats.

Example of a business plan for passenger transportation

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Standard business plan		Extended business plan for passenger transportation with a complete business analysis and financial plan for 5 years
		Detailed financial model of passenger transportation
	Break-even point calculation	Analysis of profit and profitability by individual business areas and products Analysis of risks and business safety margins by sales volume, cost and credit load Sales forecast quarterly for 5 years Quarterly cost forecast for 5 years Calculation of conditions for obtaining and repaying a loan Break-even point calculation Quarterly Cash Flow Report for 5 years Analysis of financial and investment indicators
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This kit is ideal for those who need a business plan to obtain a loan or attract investment.

Description

The extended business plan includes a financial model of passenger transportation in Excel format.

The business plan was developed taking into account the practice of evaluating projects in Russian banks, as well as taking into account the requirements of investors and funds for supporting entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation. It will allow you to substantiate management decisions on investing in the creation and development of passenger transportation, predict its financial results and assess risks.

A full description of the business plan can be downloaded from the link:

Content

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Tables and graphs

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Business organization

Regardless of the economic situation, the size of the settlement, the level of well-being of the population, people will need means of transportation where they are required. In this regard, passenger transportation will always remain a very popular and relevant type of business. In order to start a business in this area, you will definitely need a passenger transportation business plan.

Stages of business organization:

1. Marketing market review.
2. Raising capital.
3. Registration of a legal entity and preparation of other title documents.
4. Choosing a location for an office and car park.
5. Purchasing cars.
6. Personnel selection.
7. Route development.
8. Launch of an advertising campaign.
9. Start.

First, you need to decide in which direction you will do business: intracity transportation, taxis or intercity flights; there is also the option of organized transportation, including in the tourism segment. Once you have decided on this issue, you need to take care of obtaining the appropriate license from the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.

Market analysis and description of the passenger transportation project

The volume of passenger traffic in Russia in all segments of the industry is increasing every year. The current economic crisis influenced the tariff policy of companies, but overall did not have a significant negative impact on the situation. Competition is quite high, but due to the long length of roads and high concentration of population in large cities of the country, the niche is still open to new companies.

Produced goods/services

Passenger transportation, including intracity, intercity, international, taxi, tourist, etc.

Potential clients

Individuals and legal entities.

Calculations for organizing intercity passenger transportation by minibuses and minibuses are presented below in a sample draft of a detailed business plan.

Financial part of the passenger transportation business plan

Investments:

Attachments	Time frame, in months	Amount, thousand rubles
Registration of an organization, paperwork
Design work
Renting territory for a car park (first 3 months)
Carrying out finishing work indoors and on site
Purchase of cars (15 minibuses)
Preparing cars for travel
Obtaining a license
Purchasing fuel for the first time of work
Other costs

An example of a business plan for passenger transportation by intercity buses suggests that investments in the business will amount to about 30 million rubles.

Income:

Annual revenue will be about 32 - 42 million rubles.

Expenses:

Annual expenses are about 20 - 30 million rubles.

Profit, payback and profitability of the business:

The payback period is about 2.5 years, and the profitability is 32%.

Conclusions:

Organizing passenger transportation is a popular area of ​​activity that can provide the business owner with a decent income and broad prospects for further growth. At the same time, organizing the work process correctly is not an easy task. It will be necessary to work out in detail the issues of logistics, customer policy and others. To solve them, you will need a professional passenger transportation business plan.

Download the business plan template and financial model template and you can:

• Determine the main figures of the project on your own, taking into account all the individual prerequisites of your situation.
• Save more than 150 thousand rubles on document development.

MS Word Volume: 30 pages

Business plan

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Reviews (6)

We offer a high-quality passenger transportation business plan that will help you organize your own passenger transportation business. Public transport is needed in various cities and villages; its shortage is felt on various short-term and long-term routes. Hundreds of thousands of people move in various directions every day, and they want comfortable trips and timely delivery of transport, so the business promises to be promising.

In this document you will find clear instructions for the undertaking: the cost of travel, maintenance of vehicles, and remuneration of drivers. You need to understand that you can purchase vehicles for personal use, or you can lease them, because leasing also provides tangible advantages at the initial stage of business development. Don't forget that drivers must undergo medical examination at all times, so staffing should be done carefully.

You can study information on organizing the transportation of passengers now. The technical justification and calculation of economic indicators, risks and profitability of the undertaking are presented in the document. The development of current routes is one of the priority tasks of an entrepreneurial idea for the transportation of passengers. After all, you can create routes in such a way as to solve problems with moving to different points, thereby further increasing the profitability of the enterprise.

Minibus taxis have become the most effective alternative to public transport in many cities, relieving passenger traffic and eliminating the need to ride on overcrowded buses. The love of the population for minibus drivers was practically guaranteed, despite the lack of benefits and the recklessness of the drivers. In turn, transporting passengers in a minibus has become a very profitable business for entrepreneurs.

According to experts, the future of the taxi market as a business in Russia has certain prospects, which many businessmen are rushing to take advantage of. In large cities, the total number of minibus taxis owned by fleets has long exceeded the number of municipal buses. But passengers have already lost the habit of riding while standing, rejoicing that they don’t have to stand for half an hour at a stop, as before.

If just a couple of years ago it was definitely profitable to open a minibus business, but now the situation is a little different. Before investing in opening a taxi fleet, you need to determine the profitability of the business in the region and the number of buses that will be most profitable for your fleet.

When opening a minibus, start by choosing cars for your fleet. Unfortunately, there are not too many options, since buying imported minibuses takes a toll on the pocketbook, forcing entrepreneurs to turn their attention to products from a local manufacturer, or to purchase a used Korean auto industry. Experienced entrepreneurs do not recommend buying cheap cars that are not suitable for use as minibuses and then converting them yourself.

If there is a lack of initial funds, cars can be purchased on lease, especially since many companies now offer such services. For those who decide to open their own business - a minibus service - this option is also more profitable because it allows you not to pay property taxes until the cars are fully purchased. But insurance, maintenance and repair costs, and the purchase of fuel are among the mandatory ones.

Having decided to open an individual entrepreneur - their own business on a minibus - many businessmen are trying to find sources of savings. But, as a rule, there are very few of them. What you definitely cannot save on is cars. By buying cheaper, used cars, you'll end up spending a lot more on repairs later on. Saving on the driver's salary will lead to staff turnover in the company, and experienced people simply will not come to you.

When opening a minibus taxi, negotiate with suppliers on wholesale supplies of fuel and spare parts, which will allow you to save on these costs. In addition, renting a plot for a car park outside the city will cost you less than parking within the boundaries of a populated area. Using a professional passenger transportation business plan, you will save yourself from many of the problems that accompany the process of creating your company. Having studied a competent minibus taxi business project, you will learn how to determine at what period of the day you can earn more in a taxi and how these calculations will help in the development of your business.

Is the business of transporting passengers profitable? It is impossible to answer this question unequivocally. Everything depends on many factors, and the failures that plague other businessmen do not guarantee a similar outcome for others. The main problem is the low level of service that bus fleet owners impose on passengers. Dirty old interiors, broken seats with torn upholstery, ancient engines that can fail at any, most inopportune moment - you certainly cannot build a good business on such a service.

When planning to open a passenger transport company, you should not save on everything, and this is especially true for the transport itself. The desire to reduce costs is laudable, but only if this does not affect the safety of transportation. It is important not to allow transport to stand idle, since at this time your business will suffer serious losses. Therefore, you must always have a backup option that will allow you not to experience problems with orders.

Organizing a business such as private routes requires enormous effort. But at the same time, the activity of passenger transportation is not always the same. When opening a business for transporting people, you need to be prepared for the fact that your services will not be in demand all the time. And the more rationally you use the available means, the more effective the result will be. Opening a taxi or bus fleet will be successful only if you think through everything down to the smallest detail, taking into account the seasonal factor and the likelihood of a temporary lack of demand for your services.

If you are planning to open a new passenger transportation route within the city or beyond, you need to carefully study passenger traffic in this direction to understand how much demand it will have. Before determining a new direction, you should analyze how full the already open, operating passenger transportation routes are. Many entrepreneurs have recently been building a minibus business, and often drivers simply have to fight for their passengers.

A bus transportation business can be built in several ways, for example, organizing the transportation of passengers in a minibus, or engaging in intercity transportation. A competent business plan for passenger transportation will help you understand all the nuances of this business (and there are many of them). From it you will learn how to calculate the approximate return on rent of buses, how to properly open a business - your own passenger transportation. This document can be taken as the main basis for beginning entrepreneurs planning to carry out transportation around the city in a gazelle, and even for experienced businessmen. Regardless of your experience in this type of business, professional advice will allow you to avoid common mistakes and quickly solve the most complex problems.

Passenger transportation - know-how of today

Running your own business means working 80 hours a week so you don't have to work 40 hours a week for someone else. (Ramona Arnett)

Passenger transportation is the know-how of today and an excellent business for those who want to learn its basics. The campaign market is very large, but there is not much competition as such. There are several types of passenger transportation and each entrepreneur chooses his own type for business. Passenger transportation entrepreneurs offer their services for transporting passengers and people use them with pleasure. The emphasis of the passenger transportation business plan should be the profitability of this business project. You need to take a very responsible approach to drawing up a production plan and take into account everything down to the smallest detail.

Descriptionenterprises

Types of transportation are varied:

• urban mode of transport,
• intercity transportation,
• taxi service.

Passenger transportation is a very profitable type of business. For the sake of his income, you can endure a certain period of inconvenience in connection with the preparation of the necessary package of documents for opening a business. The next stage is to register the business itself in one of the following ways: register either as a private entrepreneur, or register an LLC if it is an expanded enterprise. In addition, obtain a license to transport passengers, hire drivers, and begin creating a business plan for the successful development of a passenger transportation business.

Services

We ask passengers to start kissing right now so that the plane departs on time. (Advertisement at New Orleans Airport)

The main goal of the passenger transportation business is to transport passengers by various modes of transport. And as statistics show, one of the most popular means of transport for passenger transportation among the population is the bus. From a financial point of view, the bus is quite profitable. It has one more feature in terms of passenger transportation - it can be used both in urban areas and intercity. And this factor has a positive effect on increasing profits, but it must be used in business development. In addition, advertisers are happy to use the interior and body of buses to advertise their products. This is also very good for the development of the passenger transportation business.

Room

A business plan always contains information about finding suitable office space. But the main thing about it is the presence of a large enough area for parking nearby. It must be guarded and surrounded by a fence. Also make sure that your cars can be technically serviced in the parking lot.

Staff

An important factor here is hiring drivers. Of course, this will partly depend on the number of vehicles for transportation. But for high-quality and safe transportation, it is important to hire experienced, very responsible, competent drivers. Indeed, in this type of business the human factor plays a leading role. And the profit in this case will also depend on the drivers. A driver who has little credibility will have few passengers boarding the bus. GAZelle drivers, for example, must have at least three years of driving experience and preferably own a car of this type.

For 350 rubles, from our partners, with a quality guarantee. It is not publicly available on the Internet.
Contents of the business plan:
1. Privacy
2. Summary
3. Project implementation stages
4. Characteristics of the object
5. Marketing plan
6. Technical and economic data of equipment
7. Financial plan
8. Risk assessment
9. Financial and economic justification for investments
10. Conclusions

Vehicle owners are increasingly thinking about the question: how to effectively and efficiently use their vehicles. Is it profitable to build a business transporting passengers and what needs to be done to make this idea work great? We offer an action plan on how to open your own passenger transportation business and how to accurately calculate the profitability ratio of this project.

The business of transporting passengers over short and long distances (and even abroad) falls into the category of entrepreneurial activity with a minimal probability of going bankrupt. The reasons are clear to everyone - passenger transport is always needed!

Such a basis for starting a company is more than inspiring. And if a novice entrepreneur is an experienced driver, well versed in automotive technology, able to competently calculate the profitability of his activities, logically justify successes and failures, draw conclusions and implement them in practice - such a driver will definitely become a millionaire in the near future!

It is on the comments of successful business drivers that this article was compiled. This is a tremendous help to all those who dream of realizing their skills/talents and achieving financial independence.

A business building strategy involves identifying and taking into account factors that will contribute (or absolutely hinder!) making a profit from business activities.

• Demand for passenger transportation or search for an alternative transport service in a given territory;
• Transport and all related expenses;
• Options for registering a business with state tax authorities and the amount of tax payments.

We propose to consider these three factors in the context of individual entrepreneurial activity, i.e. without organizing a large company (and registering it as a legal entity) to carry out passenger transportation.

If you are planning to open a company, then registration costs and operating expenses will increase several times, but the potentially expected profit will also be significantly greater.

You should deal with each of these points carefully, analyze the possibilities and choose what will be most beneficial specifically for your case.

A passenger transportation business must be opened where people have a need for this service. For example, if you live in a small village located 10 km from the city, and each resident of the village has their own transport, then with 100% confidence we can say that the business of transporting passengers will not justify itself.

A more optimistic situation is when the number of people in an urban settlement is more than 5,000, and a third of them are people of working age who are employed in the nearest urban center, located at least 50 km from the specified urban settlement. Thus, it is not difficult to calculate that up to 1,500 people can be potential clients every day.

Of course, such an urban-type settlement necessarily already has a passenger carrier, but are its services sufficient for the timely transportation of all interested passengers, is there excessive workload in the transport carrier - the answer to these questions will determine the degree of demand for another competitor carrier in a given area .

In a big city, there are always enough options to effectively use your transport. But, of course, it is worth paying attention to the competition. It is the competitors (their services, cost and other conditions of transport offers) that will largely adjust your performance on these points.

In the format of an individual emergency, it is quite effective to provide passenger transportation services using your own vehicle without being tied to a specific territory.

For example, in the summer, organize trips to the sea, carry out excursion trips, private orders for delivering people to a specific destination, wedding transportation, etc.

Of course, if the idea of ​​a business plan for the transportation of passengers is focused only on irregular seasonal transportation, then the return on all investments and costs for opening such an emergency will take longer than if transport operates every day all year round.

When the issue with the demand for passenger transport for a given territory is resolved, it is necessary to deal with transport. How many passenger seats do you need to buy a car for to ensure high profitability? The axiom “the more places the better” does not always work. Because The passenger capacity of a bus directly depends on the overall dimensions of the vehicle, which means it also affects fuel costs, maintenance, tax payments, etc.

How to choose the right type of transport:

• If you plan to carry out passenger transportation only, then you will need to buy a bus;
• When in the future we also provide cargo transportation services, then purchasing a minibus or minivan (for example, GAZ, Mercedes Sprinter, Peugeot Boxer, Citroen Jumper, Fiat Ducato, Ford Transit) or another type of cargo-passenger transport will be a profitable transport option.

The second option for using vehicles is more rational, because will allow you to have not only income from transporting passengers, but also additional income from transporting goods. By the way, if regular passenger transportation involves the driver’s dependence on the established travel schedule, then cargo transportation is unplanned events/orders that arise spontaneously, which means their execution time can be adjusted by the driver.

When choosing a vehicle, experienced drivers will give preference to vehicles with lower fuel consumption per 100 km, vehicles from reliable auto brands with greater wear resistance, a high level of comfort for passengers and the driver (high ceiling, soft seats, luggage compartment, air conditioning in the cabin) and other amenities.

In the event that there is already transport and the owner is looking through alternatives for its high-quality use, this is one scenario for business development.

But, often, a passenger transportation business is planned from scratch, i.e. no vehicles. How to buy transport?

Let’s assume that there is no money to buy a new car, then there are two solutions:

• Buy a new car on credit;
• Buy a used car for little cash.

It is impossible to determine which of these solutions is wiser and more rational. It all depends on the specific situation and the nuances that arise. But each of these solutions has certain positive/negative characteristics.

A new car on credit will require monthly payments to repay the loan over several years, which means that the net profit will decrease by this amount. But for such a machine there is practically no danger of unexpected breakdowns and repair costs. As additional positive aspects, you can definitely indicate the warranty period for a certain number of kilometers + service.

When buying a used car, there is no guarantee that this vehicle will flawlessly perform its tasks for a long time. Major and minor breakdowns, and, consequently, unplanned downtime and expenses due to repairs - you should be prepared for such situations. They can not only greatly increase the payback period of a business, but also cause significant damage to both the finances and the authority of the entrepreneur.

So, the issues with vehicles and their beneficial use have been resolved. Now, in order to avoid trouble with the law and penalties, you should choose the type of business activity. You can register yourself as a private entrepreneur, or you can open a law firm with more than 50 employees. In order to competently resolve all issues with the legalization of business activities, it is necessary to promptly contact the tax authority at the applicant’s place of registration.

The main differences between a private enterprise (individual enterprise) and an LLC (limited liability company, which is a legal entity) in the following circumstances:

• Registration of a private entrepreneur (IP) is a little simpler and faster than opening an LLC;
• The financial costs of registering a private enterprise are lower than when registering an LLC;
• Tax reporting and the amount of monthly tax payments are carried out according to a simplified scheme in a private enterprise - in an LLC there is a much more complex tax reporting scheme.

The conclusion is clear: if you do not have experience in individual entrepreneurship, then it is easier and more reliable to open a small private enterprise in the first stages of activity.

It is necessary to obtain a license for passenger transportation from the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport. This document is issued to a private entrepreneur engaged in passenger transportation for a period of 5 years and requires timely renewal upon expiration of this period.

To avoid time delays, for the first and all subsequent cases of obtaining/renewing a license, prepare the following package of documents in advance:

• Application for obtaining/renewing a license, as well as certified copies of all constituent documents of your private enterprise (passport of the general director of the enterprise, charter, certificate of individual entrepreneur or legal entity, extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs or Unified State Register of Legal Entities) + documents for renting an office and garage box. If it is not the owner who applies for a license, then a notarized power of attorney for this entity will also be required;
• MTPL insurance policy for each work vehicle + passports of the technical equipment used + the presence of Russian GLONASS navigation systems and tachographs in each vehicle (this is a mandatory equipment for passenger vehicles, which will help track travel time, speed and other technical aspects in accordance with the decree of the Russian government);
• Certificate of registration of a technical device with the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate + GTO coupon + Agreement with a car service center (a center for monitoring the good condition of vehicles);
• Drivers' documents (driving licenses category B, D1, medical certificates, work books confirming at least three years of experience in passenger transportation);
• Certified copies of documents confirming the passage of the owner of the state of emergency or officials of the legal entity who are responsible for ensuring road safety, the corresponding certification;
• By law, before a trip, the driver’s health is required to be checked by a medical professional: an agreement with a licensed medical professional who will perform a daily pre-trip examination of all drivers is also necessary;
• Details of the bank with which you have a service agreement;
• If your carrier company leases vehicles, then a vehicle rental agreement will also be required;
• Receipt of payment of the cash fee for obtaining a license.

Failure to comply with the rules for preparing/providing these documents entails a delay in obtaining a license for passenger transportation, and carrying out passenger transportation without a license is subject to huge fines under the Law of the Russian Federation.

Government services such as the road safety inspection, customs service, etc. can request a license to transport passengers from the driver or the owner of the carrier company. A special check to determine whether the carrier has a license and its validity period is carried out every 2 years by specialists from the Federal Service.

The main points for opening a motor transport business for transporting passengers are listed, all necessary documents have been prepared and submitted to the authorized bodies to obtain a license. Now we propose to do a general calculation of the profitability of the planned business activity. In other words, how much pure income can you receive.

The formula is simple:

Estimated profit for the month - Total costs = Net profit.

Calculating the expected profit within a month for daily passenger transportation is very simple. Let's say you are using a car from the domestic auto industry, GAZelle, of the latest modifications with a maximum number of passenger seats of up to 13 pcs. It is necessary to transport passengers from city A to city B, the distance between which is 100 km. During the day you can make 2 trips from city A to city B and back using GAZelle.

The cost of travel in motor transport is regulated by the state and maximum tariffs have been established for the transportation of passengers and luggage on suburban and intercity buses. The cost of travel on your route cannot exceed the tariff limits established by law. To determine what the price of a one-way ticket along your route might be, let’s take a similar situation - for example, the cost of a ticket from Voskresensk and Podolsk, Moscow region. The distance between these cities is 100 km, and the minimum ticket price according to carrier tariffs is 5,300 rubles.

When transporting 13 passengers one way you can receive:

• 5,300 rub. x 13 passengers = 68,900 rubles.
• And back - for as long. Those. for one trip from city A to city B and back, the vehicle income will be equal to 137,800 rubles.
• During the day we make 2 trips in both directions, i.e. 137,800 x 2 = 274,000 rubles.
• In a month, GAZelle will earn: 271,000 x 30 days = 8,130,000 rubles in profit.

Calculating total costs

Let us determine the net profit indicator, i.e. subtract the amount of expenses from income.

Travel time takes 1.5 hours, fuel consumption by average standards, taking into account stops at the GAZelle, reaches 15 liters per 100 km. Taking the cost of A-95 at 40 rubles per liter (+\- 10% depending on the region) as a unit of reference, we obtain the following cash equivalents:

• for 3 hours of work (i.e. travel in both directions) you need to spend: 40 rubles/liter x 15 liters x 2 = 1200 rubles.
• Therefore, the total costs for fuel alone will be:
• 2 times x 1200 rubles = 2400 rubles per day. And about 72,000 rubles per month.
• Let’s reduce the estimated amount of income by the amount of fuel costs for one day:
• 274,000 - 1200 = 272,800 rubles.
• And let’s determine the net profit for the month: 8,130,000 -72,000 = 8,058,000 rubles.

Now let's calculate depreciation

Yes, it is also necessary to take into account the depreciation of the car (for example, changing the engine oil, coolant, lubricant in the power steering expansion tank, brake fluid, etc.) - this is done with a mileage of 10 thousand km or more or in case of unforeseen situations.

If a car travels 100 km x 4 times = 400 km per day, then an oil change will be required every 25 days, and the cost of all-season semi-synthetic oil 10W-40 with SL quality = about 200 rubles per liter. And that's just for the engine!

Without going into details of the maintenance of the GAZelle, we will take as the starting point the cost of technical maintenance of the car an amount equal to 25% of the profit received for the month. Those. The technical content of a GAZelle per month is equal to:

• 8,130,000 x 25% = 2,032,500 rubles.
• The total calculations for the month of work will be as follows:
• 8,130,000 - 72,000 - 2,032,500 = 6,025,500 rubles per month.

Taxes for private passenger carriers

Tax obligations must also be paid on time and in sufficient amounts. A registered private enterprise is taxed in accordance with the UTII (taxable base) calculated specifically for it. This tax base is formed on the basis of many factors, and the CPMS (or the number of seats in vehicles) is of no small importance here.

According to the latest data, the taxation of a carrier performing regular passenger transportation is about 6,000 rubles per month. Although, this amount cannot be called constant, since the exact calculation of tax obligations is carried out individually for each private entrepreneur.

The profit from the operation of GAZelle for the month of 6,025,500 rubles will decrease by another 6,000 rubles and we will get 6,019,500 rubles per month.

It is also worth considering the costs of advertising your passenger transport services. There are ways of free advertising (free message boards, thematic Internet sites, etc.). And there are also paid forms: creating big boards, publishing invitations to use your transport for a trip in the press, etc.

Let's sum up all the opening costs:

• Buy a new GAZelle minibus - about 1,000,000 rubles;
• The cost of installed GLONASS navigation systems and tachograph does not exceed 100 thousand rubles;
• The total cost of legal registration of a private enterprise is about 45 thousand rubles;
• The minimum rental cost for this route will be from 22 thousand rubles per month;
• Costs for fuel and lubricants - from 100 thousand rubles,
• The salary of the driver and conductor is 50 thousand rubles each.
• Total: 1,367,000 rubles.

Knowing the net profit for a month of work, you can easily determine the time of repayment of all costs associated with starting a business. If the factors are favorable, it is already possible to “recapture” this amount based on the results of the first month of work:

• 6,019,500 - 1,367,000 = 4,752,500 rubles per month - this is the final net profit, taking into account fully repaid debt obligations.

The following months will no longer require repayment of the debt for buying a car, for installing equipment, etc. Yes, mandatory payments to the tax office + payment for renting a route, costs for fuel and lubricants and depreciation of a car + payment of wages to employees - this will remain. But the gross share of the initial costs has already justified itself!

This is just the tip of the iceberg of the necessary initial costs for organizing and formalizing a private business for transporting passengers.

If the entrepreneur has his own savings and (even partially) the amount of necessary expenses he paid immediately, this is good. But, in most cases, when opening a new business for transporting passengers, the organizers do not have that amount of cash. There is a way out - take a loan from a bank. This means that the amount of net income will again be reduced by the amount of mandatory monthly interest to repay the loan debt from the bank. Although, the advantage of this particular method of resolving the problem of a lack of cash will be the ability to repay the amount of debt gradually, spread over several years.

Of course, even according to preliminary calculations, a significant amount of all costs will be recouped after the first month of work. But, as in any forecast - errors and omissions, as well as unexpected force majeure circumstances - all such troubles are not excluded!

Already at the stage of theoretical calculation, errors in constructing a scheme of income associated with the organization of passenger transportation services are easy to detect. For example, the fact that it is impossible to constantly drive when the car is fully loaded with passengers. There are likely situations when the car goes on the road with only a few passengers (or even without them at all!). But you cannot refuse the trip, since the work schedule is set and passengers may be waiting at the final destination (city B) for your flight. Cases of breakdowns and other troubles cannot be ruled out. All such moments cause damage, which in the end can significantly reduce the amount of profit (and increase the payback period).

In any case, I definitely want to draw an optimistic conclusion! He who does not take risks does not win! This is the Golden Rule of all entrepreneurs at all times. There is a danger, but you can always overcome it. And even if at the beginning of the journey something doesn’t work out, there are some difficulties - don’t give up what you started, but fight for your profitable place in the sun. And everything will definitely work out!!