Refrigeration equipment repair business. Business: production of refrigeration and commercial equipment for stores

A business in the installation and maintenance of split systems and air conditioners is a profitable and relatively simple undertaking for new entrepreneurs. Climate control technology is used everywhere, so there is no shortage of potential client, in need of high-quality installation and service of such equipment, will not be available.

Where to start a business

Initially, you need to register your future activities with the tax authorities, that is, register as individual entrepreneur. Why do you need these documents:

passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation and application for state registration;
a receipt (cheque) confirming payment of the state duty,
scanned copy of TIN certificate.

Registration of an individual entrepreneur is the least expensive in terms of finances and time. In this case, a simplified taxation system will be applied, in which 6 to 15% is levied in favor of the state (either on net profit or on gross income). When submitting your application, please indicate the following OKVED codes:

29.23.9, is responsible for the provision of installation, repair work and maintenance of industrial refrigeration and ventilation equipment;
45.33, regulates sanitary and technical work at facilities.

The following additional codes may also be useful, which will allow you to expand the scope of the enterprise’s activities in the legal field:

51.43.1 - Wholesale trade in household electrical goods;
52.45.1 - Retail sale of household electrical goods;
74.20.15 - Design in the field of air conditioning, refrigeration equipment, etc.

Licensing of activities

If we are talking only about servicing air conditioners (without installation work), then no permits are required for this. When the activity also extends to the installation and repair of climate control equipment, which is equivalent to construction industry, then to gain access to such a business you need to be a participant self-regulatory organization(SRO). To enter the SRO, you must pay an entry fee, as well as prove a sufficient level of competence and the ability to competently carry out engineering surveys and installation work.

Office organization

At the beginning entrepreneurial activity You can do without an office by negotiating with clients on their or neutral territory, as well as by telephone. But in the future it is better to have your own representative office, and in an area where it will be convenient for you to serve the most more customers. To organize an office, a room of 20-30 square meters is sufficient; it will be possible to place office equipment, furniture, communications equipment, accept orders, and draw up service contracts.

It is advisable for a novice businessman to locate office space in a large residential area, where there will be a large volume of work in multi-apartment high-rises. It’s good if residential areas with developed infrastructure are being built nearby. Then it will be possible to receive orders for maintenance or installation of climate control not only in apartments, but shopping centers, beauty salons, pharmacies and other organizations.

How much money do you need to start a business?

The amount of initial investment depends on the climatic conditions of the region, local pricing policy and demand for the service. At the initial stage, you can only deal with the maintenance of air conditioners and split systems. Your responsibilities: replacement, refilling of components and other services without dismantling/installing equipment. That's why starting capital will go to:

rent office space— 20,000 rubles;
advertising campaigns - 25,000 rubles;
purchase of office equipment, household expenses, office equipment - 8,000-10,000 rubles;
Fuel and lubricants and other expenses - 40,000 rubles.

If you plan to install purchased air conditioners or split systems, then it makes sense to purchase (order) several options of equipment in bulk of different price groups and configurations. To then resell them with installation. This will require, in dollar terms, from 20 to 50 thousand in the regions of the Russian Federation, and up to 150 thousand in Moscow and the region.

How profitable is the business?

The peak demand for services for installation, testing or repair of climate control equipment occurs in spring and summer. Prices for services depend on the device model. For example, diagnostics of a regular window air conditioner costs 1,150 rubles, and a split system (cassette) costs 1,300 rubles. Checking the operation of a multi-split system (both units) will cost the client 6,500 rubles. and so on. Cleaning the indoor unit (including the evaporator and drainage) in various modifications and without dismantling can cost from 1,500 to 2,500 rubles. A service with dismantling costs up to 7 thousand rubles, and serious repairs have an upper price limit of about 20 thousand rubles.

Plus - refilling cooling systems with freon averages 1,200 rubles, and the price of freon is 1,000 rubles per kg. The average cost of delivery and installation of one air conditioner reaches 25-30 thousand rubles. By servicing two or three orders per week for installation and several for diagnostics, you can achieve an income of 300-700 thousand in the first month of activity.

In the future, having gained experience and clientele, it makes sense to expand the range of climate services, since business registration in accordance with OKVED codes allows this. Since it is not only air conditioning, but also ventilation and heating. In addition, reputable companies enter into contracts for year-round climate control service.

A one-time service during the operation of the equipment can cost the client between 3500-4000 rubles. Regular maintenance, for example, of 3 split systems under a contract, which includes refueling, can cost from 3 to 20 thousand per year. The price depends on how much service work the company undertakes to do and on the type of equipment.

Technology of installation and service of climate control equipment, installation equipment

The air conditioner maintenance service consists of: cleaning the filters in the indoor unit and in the drainage system, monitoring the temperature difference and cleaning the heat exchanger of the unit inside, checking the operating pressure in the system, charging with freon, as well as diagnosing various malfunctions. It is possible to dismantle equipment in order to detect malfunctions, repairs, and more.

The installation process of air conditioning equipment consists of: installing outdoor and indoor units, laying inter-unit communications. A fairly simple technology requires a certain level of professionalism from installers. Since dirt and dust getting into the refrigeration circuit will damage the unit. The aesthetic appearance of the entire system and its connecting elements is also important. Therefore, it is better to have your own trained staff rather than hire third-party workers who can create an unattractive image for your company.

To perform work on installing air conditioners, you will need the following list of tools:

hammer drills (at least 2 pcs.);
wall chaser, or, in extreme cases, an angle grinder;
vacuum pump - removes moisture/air from the cooling circuit;
industrial concrete pump;
charging cylinder and pressure manifold;
apparatus for testing the cooling circuit for leaks;
tools for cutting, bending, scraping and rolling pipes;
equipment for soldering pipes.
kits for working with freon.

The cost of a set of tools (installation, repair, diagnostic) can range from five hundred to five thousand in dollar equivalent.

Advertising and promotion of climate services

When starting a business you will need a lot advertising company so that you are recognized in the services market. To do this, you need to use banners, banners, print media and online advertising. Distribution of booklets in residential and office areas, personal acquaintance with managers construction companies and so on. Do not skimp on the website, where information about the service, prices, contacts and the ability to order any work online will be presented in an accessible form.

One of the important conditions for any business is minimizing initial capital. It is this factor that allows us to minimize possible risks. But there are very few such business ideas and all of them, as they say, are worth their weight in gold. One of these promising options is refrigerator repair. Of course, it will not be possible to completely get rid of costs, but there is also no need to invest amounts, as when organizing a large engineering company (for example, Ingersoll Rand).

You should initially focus on household refrigerators, as well as refrigeration equipment for small businesses. It is the easiest to maintain and repair, and therefore does not require special knowledge and experience from you (and the specialists you hire). In most cases, refrigerators have a fairly simple design, and therefore repairs consist of identifying faults and replacing failed parts with new ones.

Minor faults can be corrected on the spot. To do this, you need to have with you not only a set of tools, but also several thermal relays and temperature sensors for various (the most common) models. They are the ones that most often fail.

More complex breakdowns can only be repaired in a workshop, and therefore you need to take care of the premises, part of which may serve as an office. When the level of orders becomes constant, part of the staff will always be busy in the workshop, and part - on the road. For repair company V small town 4 people are enough - 2 on the road, 2 in the workshop.

In order to organize the delivery of equipment, you will need transport. One cargo Gazelle will be enough. This can be either a personal car or a cargo taxi, with which you enter into an oral (or written) agreement. If the city is small and there are not many orders (especially large ones), then it is not at all necessary to have a driver on staff.

It’s another matter if you have a large volume of orders, or you cooperate under a contract with authorized services. Then you will have to send some of the equipment that cannot be repaired in your workshop, and for this you simply need transport.

It is quite difficult to make any profit calculations, but you can roughly estimate that with an average cost of home repairs of 500-700 rubles and repairs in a workshop of 1500-3000 rubles, provided there is a good number of orders, it is quite possible to receive 200-300 thousand net income per year. a month, which even for 4 staff and one driver is a lot of money.
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Technology surrounds us very closely in everyday life and simplifies manual labor, making it a comfortable and enjoyable experience. But even the most expensive and modern models household appliances may break. Buying new ones is not always profitable, but it is reasonable to repair old equipment so that it can serve for another couple of years. Therefore, the demand for repair services has always been and will be in demand in cities with any population size. Below is a business plan for a household appliance repair shop. The example was calculated for a regional center.

Paperwork

The IP form was selected for registration. But if you plan to work as an authorized service center large manufacturers and retail chains, LLC is registered. There is less trust in the individual entrepreneur, and it will be more difficult to obtain a service agreement. There are no manufacturers of household appliances in the selected city. An agreement was concluded with a local store to service their goods. According to the agreement, the workshop carries out repairs free of charge during the warranty period, in cases specified in the warranty agreement (3 months). Further, clients are served at full cost.

To register as an individual entrepreneur, you will need the following package of documents:

Photocopies of the passport and TIN are certified by a notary.
Application for registration of a type of activity. When filling out, indicate the main (mandatory) type of activity and two additional ones. Even if you do not want to immediately expand your business, we recommend that you indicate additional types of activities. When the application is first considered, registration additional types activities are free, with further expansion you will have to pay extra. The application shall indicate OKVED: 95.21 “ Repair work electronic household appliances", 95.22 "Repair of household appliances and garden equipment", 95.22.1 "Repair of household appliances".
A receipt from any bank branch confirming payment of the state duty.

Competition and pricing

Competition plays a big role in the development of an enterprise, since each company tries in every possible way to attract as many customers as possible. There are many ways to attract, we have chosen the following: home service, providing discounts for regular customers, veterans of the Second World War, the Afghan War, Chechen war, disabled people, orphans and elderly people; delivery of repaired equipment, provision of warranty repairs in case of repeated failure.

In addition, competition improves the quality of repairs, adjustments, customer service, and reduces repair time and price.

Currently, the cost of repairs for a certain type of equipment varies. This means that you need to choose a price so that the company does not incur losses.

In addition, the cost should correspond to the quality of the repair, and not vice versa.

Price list for workshop services:

Such prices are suitable for the normal development of the workshop, since they are 10% lower than competitors, but will not lead to bankruptcy.

Repair company equipment

To organize a small workshop, the following equipment and furniture are purchased:

Additionally, craftsmen will need consumables: solder, screws, nuts, glue, etc. It is planned to spend from 25,000 rubles per month on consumables.

Personnel formation

In the workshop, the administrative and management personnel include the director and accountant. Opening hours: Monday to Friday from 10:00 to 19:00. In addition to the financial part, the accountant takes on the role of administrator.

Company administration salary and bonus:

Craftsmen are hired as working personnel. The number of craftsmen is at least 4 people, since the work will be carried out in shifts, according to the schedule: two days after two. Each employee is responsible for repairing a specific device. Workers are interchangeable during vacations and excused absences.

A cleaning lady is hired as support staff. The work schedule of support staff is 2 hours from 10:00 to 12:00. Responsibilities include wet cleaning and general cleaning of the premises once a month.

Salary and bonus of working and support staff:

Summary statement of the number of workers:

Total, on wages staff and contributions to funds will need a monthly amount of 201,700 rubles. You can safely add it to the initial capital, since for the first few months you will have to pay salaries out of your own pocket.

Implementation stages

The household appliance workshop project can be completed in 2 months. The table below shows the schedule from September 1 to November 1. Seasonality does not affect profitability, so you can open a workshop at any time of the year.

Workshop opening schedule:

All stages are planned for specific periods of time. This will help control processes and launch the workshop on time with less loss of time.

Investments and income

Infusions

To open a small household appliance workshop, you will need the following initial investments:

You can reduce costs by purchasing a used tool, but then the monthly costs of its depreciation and replacement will increase. And this will increase the total consumption. Therefore, it is worth purchasing a quality tool with warranty service.

Monthly expenses

Planning income

The profitability of the workshop will not be affected by seasonality, so the main factors on which profit depends are traffic and advertising. There are no competitors near the workshop, so 1 master will bring in at least 120,000 rubles per month. The monthly revenue will be from 480,000 rubles.

Let's calculate net income by subtracting monthly expenses from revenue:

480,000 – 276,700 = 203,300 rubles.

In total, the company brings net income per year: 203,300 x 12 = 2,439,600 rubles.

We calculate profitability:

(203,300 / 827,900) x 100% = 24.55%.

Until the entrepreneur returns the main investment, the profit will be divided into the following parts:

5% – non-production expenses (payment for trips to the client’s home, unexpected expenses).
10% – main fund.
45% – return on investment.
40% – expansion.

Since only 45% will be spent on return on investment monthly, which is 91,485 rubles, we can calculate the return on investment of the project:

827,900 / 91,485 = 9 months. Taking into account all the risks, the payback of the project is 1 year.

In the end

This business plan for a household appliance repair shop with calculations can be easily adjusted to any region. You need to invest at least 828,000 rubles in the project. But the payback, if there is a constant flow of customers, will be only 9 months. At the same time, the calculations took into account savings funds for business expansion. In a year, you will be able to open another workshop and increase your income, and thanks to the promotion of the first point, the second workshop will become profitable in 5-6 months.

In this material:

Having skills in servicing and repairing household appliances, it is worth thinking about organizing own business. This activity is in demand today, because electrical appliances someday fail. This article will help you create a business plan for a household appliance repair shop. Here we will consider all the nuances that a future entrepreneur should know about in order to achieve success in his business.

Relevance

Household appliance repair shop – promising idea for business, because there are more and more electrical appliances, and their design is becoming more complicated due to the development of technology, while there are not enough qualified craftsmen. Due to the ever-increasing prices of appliances, most people cannot afford to buy a new household appliance, but prefer to repair the old one. Men who have already opened a business of this kind note that there is a demand for repairs:

washing machines;
refrigerators;
electric ovens and stoves;
freezers;
coffee machines;
TVs;
computers.

In their opinion, maintaining and repairing large expensive equipment profitable. With small appliances the situation is different.

At the initial stage, the following questions need to be considered:

whether the population in the area where it is planned to organize this business is solvent;
Are there many competitors, what services do they provide?
Are spare parts for household appliances available and are there reliable suppliers?

Having decided to start, you need to decide whether the workshop will repair the equipment of one famous brand or different manufacturers. The second option is preferable, as it will allow you to expand your audience and receive more orders.

Registration

To register, the future businessman comes to the tax office and writes an application for registration of individual entrepreneurship. If he plans to serve only individuals, then choose the UTII taxation system. If it is expected that the workshop's clients will be legal entities, it is more convenient to pay taxes using the simplified tax system.

The OKVED code chosen is 52.72. When registering, you will have to pay a state fee. Documents are being reviewed tax inspector 5 days.

Reference. There is no need for a cash register for the workshop, because payments to clients can be made at home.

Premises and location

To run a household appliance repair business, you will need a spacious premises. It’s good if you can rent a hangar located in the central part of the city for a low fee. If an entrepreneur cannot afford rent in the center, premises in a residential area will do, as long as it is densely populated. The area is divided into 2-3 zones:

collection point for applications and equipment;
warehouse;
workshop.

Attention! The area of the room depends on how much large equipment planned to be renovated. If these are washing machines, refrigerators and electric stoves, you will need an area of at least 80 m2.

If the budget is very limited, at first you can do without a room. Many technicians repair appliances directly at clients’ homes. However, do not write off the fact that spare parts need to be stored somewhere, for example, in the garage.

Equipment

At the initial stage of work, craftsmen need to be provided with at least a minimum set of tools:

soldering irons;
wrenches;
screwdrivers;
digital multimeter;
oscilloscope.

As the business develops, this list should be supplemented professional tool. For high-quality diagnostics of breakdowns, a frequency meter, spectrum analyzer and other equipment are useful.

The room will have to install powerful lamps, air conditioning and ventilation systems. Shelving is needed to store spare parts. You will also need several pieces of furniture for the craftsmen - a table, chairs.

The workshop should have a set of the most popular spare parts at its disposal. This will allow you to serve customers faster. If you're on a budget, it's worth finding a supplier of spare parts that can deliver them quickly when you need them.

Attention! You will have to spend 500,000-1,000,000 rubles on the purchase of spare parts.

To transport equipment you need a car - a gazelle or rough. By buying a used car, you can save money, provided that vehicle on the go.

Personnel

To organize a business repairing household appliances, you need smart craftsmen. While the flow of clients is small, the entrepreneur can cope on his own, but in the future he will have to look for help. It is necessary to interest workers in completing more orders. The best remuneration system in this case would be the calculation of a rate and a percentage of revenue.

When drawing up a business plan for a repair shop, it is worth including in it a cost item for paying for the services of an accountant. If an entrepreneur is ready to keep records himself, he will be able to save 15-20 thousand rubles monthly.

Advertising

The profitability of a company depends on the flow of customers. To attract them, use all available means:

outdoor advertising;
leaflets;
radio;
social media;
bulletin boards;
own website.

Attention! Most people find equipment repair specialists via the Internet, so creating a website is mandatory.

Customers are attracted by various promotions and free services, for example, diagnostics. Its cost is usually already included in the price of the repair. One more great idea– make small discounts for each subsequent repair. Buying old household appliances from clients that cannot be restored will help you acquire rare spare parts.

Possible risks

Since competition in this service industry is high, it is necessary to think about possible risks in advance. For a start-up company providing household appliance repair services, the main thing is to have a staff of qualified workers, because the company’s reputation depends on the quality of work.

It is also important pricing policy companies. An entrepreneur must set reasonable prices for services in order to attract more customers and still make a profit. How successful a business will be depends on the reliability of suppliers and the speed of supply of spare parts. If customers have to wait a long time for their refrigerator or washing machine to be repaired because parts are out of stock, they will turn to another repair shop.

Profitability

The initial investment in opening a workshop for repairing household appliances is 600,000-4,000,000 rubles. The amount of costs depends on what equipment will be purchased at the initial stage. If an entrepreneur limits himself to a modest set of tools and begins to repair clients’ household appliances at their home, then large investments won't be needed right away.

Here is an approximate price list for the workshop (prices are in rubles):

visit of a specialist to your home – 500;
washing machine repair – 2000-4500;
refrigerator repair – 2000-7000;
repair of small equipment – from 1000.

Business profitability is 6-10%. Despite the slow rate of return on investment, this type of activity is stable. If you organize an advertising campaign correctly, there will always be customers. In the first 1.5-2 years of work, the entrepreneur will have to develop client base, pay rent for premises and wages to employees, as well as purchase modern equipment and spare parts. But when the business pays off, the net profit per month will be 100-300 thousand rubles.

Attention! The well-promoted workshop serves 8-15 clients daily, average bill for services is 1500-2000 rubles. The monthly income will be 300,000-500,000 rubles.

You need to work scrupulously on drawing up a business plan for a household appliance repair shop. It is important to clearly state what equipment will be needed at the first stage, and what can be purchased later. Finding skilled craftsmen is another point that needs to be given primary attention. Advertising campaign will help you quickly attract customers. Without these three components it is impossible to achieve success.

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