Small rocket ships.
Project 1234 ships ("Nanuchka-I class" according to NATO classification) are designed to protect sea communications, guard convoys, combat surface ships in coastal areas. The ship's power plant consists of three diesel engines with a total power of 30,000 hp, which rotate three propellers. Maximum speed is 34 knots.
The first two small missile ships of Project 1234 were in service until April 25, 1970. only digital tactical name: lead "MRK-3", first production hull - "MRK-7". Subsequent ships were assigned “weather” names, traditional for Soviet patrol ships of the Great Patriotic War, and for their “weather” names they were called the “bad weather division.” The lead ship of the "Storm" project.
Photos of the ships were taken from the site www.forums.airbase.ru
Small rocket ship Storm.
Small rocket ship MRK-3 - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched October 18, 1968, April 25, 1970. renamed "Storm". Entered service on September 30, 1970, and already on February 9, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). July 5, 1971 The management of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner Division of small missile ships was formed, and on August 14, 1971. small missile ships MRK "Burya" and "Breeze" are subordinate to the commander of the 166th DNMRK. March 11, 1980 The 295th Sulino Red Banner division of torpedo boats was disbanded and on its basis the 295th Sulino Red Banner division of small missile ships was created, consisting of:
MRK "Storm";
MRK "Groza";
MRK-5;
PD-26;
PD-19.
By order of the Navy Civil Code dated December 24, 1976. The Zarnitsa and Burya MRKs were declared the best tactical group of MRKs based on the results of an inspection by the USSR Ministry of Defense.
04/15 to 06/16/1982 Together with the Grom MRK and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
Board numbers: 540, 354, 961, 964(1977), 604(1978), 601, 603, 602(1982), 609(1984), 605(1986), 608(1990), 624(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1991
Small rocket ship Breeze.
 |
 |
Small rocket ship MRK-7 - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched October 10, 1969, April 25, 1970. renamed "Breeze". Entered service on December 31, 1970, and already on February 9, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). Since December 1970 testing of the Malachite rocket launcher began - the first launch took place on December 29, 1970.
July 5, 1971 The management of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner Division of small missile ships was formed, and on August 14, 1971. small missile ships MRK "Burya" and "Breeze" are subordinate to the commander of the 166th DNMRK.
October 30, 1973 Together with the Groza MRK, PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. While on duty, in October, an exercise was held: “Missile attack by a MRK TG on an AUG from a tracking position based on data own funds» .
From 01.11 to 17.11.1974 Together with the Vikhr MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When carrying out tasks, we carried out weapons tracking of the Littell Rock missile launcher and conducted a missile strike exercise against the Forrestal missile launcher and the Long Beach missile launcher.
From 25.06 to 01.08.1977 Together with the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, we carried out weapon tracking of the Long Beach missile launcher for the US Navy integrated supply ship.
From 17.06 to 08.08.1978 Together with the Grom MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. We carried out the task of tracking the Kitty Hawk with weapons. On June 22-27, the MRK "Briz" as part of the group of ships of the RKR "Admiral Golovko" and the BOD "Ochakov" made an official visit to the port of Latakia, SAR.
From July 23 to September 3, 1979 Together with the Grom MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During combat service, they carried out long-term tracking with the weapons of the AUG AVU "Forrestal" CR URO "Yarnel", FR URO "Kelsh".
From September 19 to October 20, 1980 Together with the Zyb MRK and PRTB - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During the exercise “Destruction of an AUG by forces of 5 OPESK in cooperation with the MRA of the fleet,” they carried out weapons tracking of the AUG AVU “America”, the CR URO “Little Rock”, the FR URO “Vodzh”, a comprehensive supply ship of the US Navy, followed by a simulated missile strike .
From August 15 to September 2, 1981 went to the BS for reinforcement (the BS MRK "Zyb", MRK "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-13 were already carried on site) due to the aggravated situation in Lebanon on August 15. The ships carried out weapons tracking of the AUG AVU "Enterprise" KRA URO "Long Beach" followed by the TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.
In 1981 The tactical group consisting of the Briz and Zarnitsa missile launchers was declared the best in missile training in shooting at sea targets and received a challenge prize from the USSR Navy.
From 25.05 to 05.08.1983 Together with the MRK "Komsomolets of Mordovia" MRK "Zarnitsa" and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
from November 20, 1983 to 02/20/1984 Together with the MRK "Komsomolets of Mordovia" and PRTB-33 they carried BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
From 05/10/1987 to 05/20/1988 joined the BS in Cam Ranh.
Board numbers: 356, 966, 962(1977), 963, 967, 611, 602(1980), 623, 617(1982), 606(1984), 612(1984), 618(1986), 403(05.1987), 430(05.1990). Decommissioned: 1992.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
Small rocket ship Vikhr - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on July 22, 1970, and entered service on September 30, 1971, and already on November 1, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF).
From 01.11 to 17.11.1974 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When carrying out tasks, we carried out weapons tracking of the Littell Rock missile launcher and conducted a missile strike exercise against the Forrestal missile launcher and the Long Beach missile launcher.
08/01/1977 transferred to the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 978(1975), 351(1976), 955, 966, 425(1985), 438(05.1990), 432(1994).
Decommissioned: 1994
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Grad - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on April 30, 1972, and entered service on September 30, 1972, and already on October 31, 1972, became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). In 1983, 1985 and 1987 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
26.7.1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's
Board numbers: 941(1973), 506, 567, 552(1987), 582(1990). Decommissioned: 1993
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Grom - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on October 29, 1972, and entered service on December 28, 1972, and already on January 31, 1973. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). September 4, 1973 transferred to the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). In 1978 and 1992 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
From 3.06 to 8.09.1975 Together with the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. On July 11, the KUG was given the task of carrying out reconnaissance, tracking and launching a conditional missile strike on the Forrestal missile launcher, passing the meridian 22 degrees. The problem was successfully solved on July 12.
From 17.06 to 8.08.1978 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. We carried out the task of tracking the Kitty Hawk with weapons.
From July 23 to September 3, 1979 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During combat service, they carried out long-term tracking with the weapons of the AUG AVU "Forrestal" CR URO "Yarnel", FR URO "Kelsh".
04/15 to 06/16/1982 Together with the Burya MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
26.7.1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 361(1976), 976(1977), 818(1979), 608, 604(1982), 605(1984), 607(1986), 622(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1995
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Groza - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on July 26, 1972, and entered service on December 28, 1972, and already on January 31, 1973. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). September 4, 1973 transferred to the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). On March 11, 1980, the 295th Sulino Red Banner Division of torpedo boats was disbanded and on its basis the 295th Sulina Red Banner Division of small missile ships was created, consisting of:
MRK "Storm";
MRK "Groza";
MRK-5;
PD-26;
PD-19.
October 30, 1973 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. While on duty, in October, the exercise “Conducting a missile strike by a TG MRK on an AUG from a tracking position based on data from its own assets” was conducted.
From 2.06 to 12.07.1976 Together with the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. From June 19, we carried out weapons tracking of the AVU "America". KR URO "Yarnel", FR "Voj". Participation in the exercises "Crimea-76".
Board numbers: 363, 358, 977(1973), 970, 611, 604(1980), 613(1982), 614(1984), 604(1986), 619(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 1992
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Zarnitsa - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on April 28, 1973, and entered service on September 18, 1973, and already on October 26, 1973. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). In 1978, 1981, 1984, 1988, 1993, 1994 and 1998 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
From 3.06 to 8.09.1975 Together with the Grom MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) BS in the Mediterranean Sea. On July 11, the KUG was given the task of carrying out reconnaissance, tracking and launching a conditional missile strike on the Forrestal missile launcher, passing the meridian 22 degrees. The problem was successfully solved on July 12.
From 2.06 to 12.07.1976 Together with the Groza MRK and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. From June 19, we carried out weapons tracking of the AVU "America". KR URO "Yarnel", FR "Voj". Participation in the exercises "Crimea-76".
By order of the Navy Civil Code dated December 24, 1976, the Zarnitsa and Burya MRKs were declared the best tactical group of MRKs based on the results of an inspection by the USSR Ministry of Defense.
From 25.06 to 01.08.1977 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. When performing tasks, we carried out weapon tracking of the Long Beach missile launcher for the US Navy integrated supply ship.
From July 15 to September 2, 1981 Together with the Zyb MRK and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships carried out weapons tracking of the AUG AVU "Enterprise" KRA URO "Long Beach" followed by the TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.
In 1981 The tactical group consisting of the Briz and Zarnitsa missile launchers was declared the best in missile training in shooting at sea targets and received a challenge prize from the USSR Navy.
In 1984 a tactical group consisting of the Zarnitsa MRK and the Komsomolets Mordovia MRK received the challenge prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile firing at the MC.
From May 15 to June 15, 1984 Together with Komsomolets Mordovia - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from May 27 to May 29, the MRK TG as part of KUG-2 took part in the operational-tactical exercise 5 OPSK “Destruction of enemy AMG OS RUS in cooperation with the fleet MRA”
09/24/93 - a tactical group consisting of the Zarnitsa MRK and the Mirage MRK received the challenge prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile firing at the MC.
09/22/94 a tactical group consisting of the Zarnitsa MRK and the Shtil MRK received the challenge prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile firing at the MC.
06/12/1997 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 363(1976), 973, 972, 607, 618, 606(1990), 621(1.05.1990). Decommissioned: 2005
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Shkval - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on December 28, 1973, and entered service on June 14, 1974, and already on July 16, 1974. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF) as part of the 106th MRK division of the 76th BEV, based at the Winter Harbor of the Liepaja naval base. After 1992 The division was transferred to the 36th Missile Boat Brigade of the 12th Surface Ship Division.
Board numbers: 915 (1976), 551 (1985), 567, 565. Decommissioned: 1994.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
Small rocket ship Metel.
Small rocket ship Metel - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on August 10, 1974, and entered service on December 8, 1974, and already on January 23, 1975. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1982 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
Board numbers: 923 (1977), 534 (1979), 542. Decommissioned: 1998.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
Small rocket ship Storm.
 |
Small rocket ship Storm - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on March 3, 1975, and entered service on June 15, 1975, and already on July 21, 1975. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). In 1983, 1985 and 1987 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's
Board numbers: 953, 587(1978), 567, 577(1990). Decommissioned: 1998
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Cyclone - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on May 24, 1977, and entered service on December 31, 1977, and already on February 17, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet(KTOF).
Since May 1985 to May 1986 Together with the Typhoon MRK - BS to Vietnam, the South China Sea, Cam Ranh Bay.
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 430, 438, 425(1984), 435(1985), 412(05.1987), 444(05.1990). Decommissioned: 1995
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Monsoon - built within the framework of project 1234, code “Gadfly”. Launched on July 1, 1981, and entered service on December 30, 1981, and already on February 9, 1982. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF - 165 BrRKA Pacific Fleet). April 16, 1987 died in the Sea of Japan due to spontaneous retargeting of a missile while practicing combat training tasks.
Board numbers: 427(1982), 414(1984).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
The logical continuation of this series of small missile ships was Project 1234.1 ("Nanuchka-III class" according to NATO classification). Main differences of this project- this is an increase in the main caliber of artillery from 57 mm to 76 mm, the additional installation of one 30 mm AK-630 artillery complex on the ship, as well as new radar and electronic equipment. Despite the relatively small displacement, the ship of this project has high seaworthiness and the ability to use weapons in a sea state of 5 points and a speed of 24 knots.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Burun - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched in July 1977, and entered service on December 30, 1977, and already on February 17, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). April 21, 1978 listed in the DKBF.
In 1978 he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 570, 559(1986), 566(1990). Decommissioned: 2002
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
Small rocket ship Veter.
 |
Small rocket ship Veter - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on April 21, 1978, and entered service on September 30, 1978, and already on November 23, 1978. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1980 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 572(1978), 527, 523, 524(1995). Decommissioned: 1995
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
Small rocket ship Zyb - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on October 23, 1978, and entered service on December 31, 1978, and already on February 16, 1979. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). April 13, 1982 renamed " Komsomolets of Mordovia", and on February 15, 1992 in "Calm".
From September 19 to October 20, 1980 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-13 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. During the exercise “Destruction of AUG by forces of 5 OPESK in cooperation with the Fleet MRA”, weapons were used to track the AUG AVU “America”, the CR URO “Little Rock”, the FR URO “Vodzh”, a comprehensive supply ship of the US Navy, followed by a simulated missile strike .
From 15.07 to 02.09.1981 Together with the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-13 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships carried out weapons tracking of the AUG AVU "Enterprise" KRA URO "Long Beach" followed by the TDK "Guadalcanal" south of the island of Cyprus.
From May 25 to August 5, 1983 Together with the Briz MRK, the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
From November 20, 1983 to February 20, 1984 Together with the Briz MRK and PRTB-33 (KUG) - BS in the Mediterranean Sea.
From May 15 to June 15, 1984 Together with the Zarnitsa MRK and PRTB-33 - BS in the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from May 27 to May 29, the MRK TG as part of KUG-2 took part in the operational-tactical exercise 5 OPSK “Destruction of enemy AMG OS RUS in cooperation with the fleet MRA”
In 1984, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993 and 1998 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
06/12/1997 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Currently, the small missile ship "Shtil" of project 1234.1 is part of the 166th Novorossiysk Red Banner small missile ships of the 41st brigade of missile boats.
Board numbers: 608(1982), 609(1984), 605(1986), 620(1.05.1990).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Moroz - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on September 23, 1989, and entered service on December 30, 1989, and already on February 28, 1990. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). 07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's. In 1999 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG)
Board numbers: 434, 450, 402(05.1990), 409(2000).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Razliv - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on August 24, 1991, and entered service on December 31, 1991, and already on February 11, 1992. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). 07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's. In 1999 he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
Board numbers: 450(2000).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Liven - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on October 5, 1986, and April 14, 1987. renamed “XX Congress of the Komsomol”. Entered service on December 25, 1987, and already on February 19, 1988. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). February 15, 1992 renamed - “Rime”.
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
In 1999 he won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
Board numbers: 422(05.1987), 415(05.1990), 418(2000).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Tucha - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on April 29, 1980, and entered service on July 31, 1980, and already on October 24, 1980. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF).
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
In 1995 won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for missile training (as part of the KUG).
Board numbers: 527(1987), 524(1988), 505(1997). Decommissioned: 2005
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
 |
Small rocket ship Smerch - built within the framework of project 1234.1, code “Gadfly-1”. Launched on November 16, 1984, and entered service on December 30, 1984, and already on March 4, 1985. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).
Since April 1986 to July 1987 performs combat service missions in Vietnam, the South China Sea, Cam Ranh Bay.
07/26/1992 changed the USSR Naval flag to St. Andrew's.
Board numbers: 415, 418, 450(1987), 405(1990), 423(2000).
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………............
The small rocket ship "Passat" of project 12341, code "Ovod-1", was laid down on the slipway of the Leningrad Primorsky Shipyard in Leningrad and became the 14th in a series of 15 ships built at the plant.
Designed to launch missile attacks on enemy ships.
The Passat MRK was laid down on May 27, 1988, construction number 82. Launched on June 13, 1990. December 6, 1990 handed over to the customer. On March 14, 1991, he was enlisted in the Baltic Fleet. Currently has tail number 570, previously had tail number 465.
Main characteristics: Total displacement 730 tons. Length 59.3 meters, beam 11.8 meters, draft 3.08 meters. Maximum speed 34 knots. Cruising range 3500 nautical miles at 18 knots. Autonomy 10 days. The crew consists of 64 people, including 10 officers and 14 midshipmen.
Power plant: 3 M-507A diesel engines with a total power of 30,000 horsepower, 3 shafts.
Armament: 6 Malachite anti-ship missile launchers (6 P-120 missiles), 1 76-mm AK-176 gun mount, 1x6 30-mm AK-630 gun mount, 1x2 Osa-M air defense missile launchers (20 missiles).
In 1999, he made a business call to the port of Karlskrona, Sweden.
From July 22 to August 8, 2006, he visited the ports of Germany, passing through the Kiel Canal and calling at Bremerhaven and Warnemünde.
At the beginning of July 2007, he made a training trip to the North Sea with a call at the Dutch port of Vlissingen to participate in celebrations on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of Admiral de Ruyter.
In 2013 it was under renovation.
According to a message dated April 11, 2014, during which he fired cruise missiles at complex targets simulating a detachment of mock enemy ships.
According to a report dated May 19, 2014, together with the R-257 missile boat, it successfully imitated warships and air attack weapons of a mock enemy.
According to a message dated February 27, 2015, the crews of the large landing ship"Korolyov" and the small missile ship "Passat" of the Baltic Fleet successfully carried out artillery firing in conditions of limited visibility. According to a report dated April 9, artillery firing at various targets was successful.
According to a message dated March 30, 2016, the crew as part of the first stage of the competition in the Baltic Fleet professional excellence“Sea Cup 2016” tasks of conducting artillery combat and repelling attacks by air attack weapons of a mock enemy.
According to a report dated April 12, 2019, the naval strike group successfully launched electronic missiles at targets simulating a detachment of warships of a mock enemy.
In the years cold war An arms race of unprecedented scale unfolded. The economy of the USSR worked at the limit of its capabilities and the country's armed forces, without interruption, received more and more new and advanced types of weapons, mastered new methods of conducting armed struggle. Soviet Navy as component armed forces, also did not go unnoticed by the state leadership.
Appeared warships, which determined the different nature of warfare at sea. These were incomparable, anti-submarine ships with a fundamentally new power plant, nuclear submarines with a body made of titanium alloys, nicknamed “” in the navy. The list can be continued for a long time, but let’s add to it an epoch-making, fundamentally new warship project 1234 . It was during this period that, through the efforts of Soviet scientists, designers and workers, the warships in terms of characteristics they were not only not inferior to foreign ones, but often even surpassed them.
IN warships project 1234 paradoxically combined small displacement and huge striking power, low cost and expected high combat effectiveness. They were meant to be destroyed large warships enemy, to defeat caravans of enemy ships and vessels during sea crossings and destroy enemy landing groups. The term “ carrier killers" The leadership of the USSR Navy had great hopes for them, and one day the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy, Admiral S.G. Gorshkov, admired these warships, said with pathos: “ These RTOs are a pistol to the temple of imperialism" The brainchild of Admiral Gorshkov was called “missile corvettes” in the West, and according to NATO classification they received the code designation “ Nanuchka».
history of the creation of the RTO project 1234 code "Gadfly"
The accumulated experience in operating and building the first Russian missile boats allowed us to begin designing small missile ships(RTO), which were called “medium missile carriers”. The fleet needed a small but seaworthy ship with longer-range missiles than boats, over-the-horizon target designation equipment, and enhanced artillery and anti-aircraft weapons.
Terms of reference for the design of a new RTO received the design bureau " Diamond" Chief designer warship who received the code " Gadfly"and project number 1234 was assigned to I.P. Pegov. The hull required placement of two three-container launchers " Malachite», radar complex target designation of missile weapons " Titanite", means electronic warfare, anti-aircraft missile system"Osa-M" and an "AK-725" artillery mount with a "Bars" control radar. Attempts to place on the boat gas turbine unit were not successful, since they were large in size, there was no time to create a new one, and the designers decided to use the existing three-shaft main ship on the new ship power plant with the operation of two diesel engines of the M-504 type on each shaft. The shafts were connected through a gearbox, and the engine had 12 cylinders.
small missile ship according to the NATO classification "Nanuchka"
The leadership of the Navy decided to transfer the built warship from missile boat class to special class small missile ships. Foreign analogues there are none in the world and still remain unsurpassed in terms of “price-quality” criterion. Later it was created and export version RTO project 1234E(export) with placement of four single-container launchers of the P-20 type.
According to the improved project 1234.1, 47 ships were built at shipyards for the USSR Navy.
design features of the MRK project 1234 code "Gadfly"
The architecture is smooth-deck hull warship project 1234 It has boat contours, is not very sheer and is made of high-strength ship steel. RTO They have very good maneuverability associated with turning and stopping quickly.
MRK project 1234
MRK project 1234-1
For electronic warfare purposes RTO equipped with two or four launchers for passive jamming, which are a package with sixteen guide tubes with cantilever mounts on the trunnion and vertical wall. False radar targets can be placed at a distance from the ship up to 3.5 km. Radio engineering complex system " Titanite» provides active and passive detection of targets, reception of information from aviation systems air surveillance and direction finding, and also ensures the development and issuance of target designations to the command post, control of joint combat operations and ensures the solution of navigation problems. Navigational radar station « Don" And electronic intelligence « Bay" Infrared equipment " Khmel-2» allows for joint swimming and hidden communication in dark time days, with the ships completely darkened, and also observe and take bearings of infrared lights.
lead MRK and weapons
Head RTO was laid down on the slipway of the Leningrad Primorsky Shipyard under the designation " MRK-3"January 13, 1967. The ceremonial launching took place on October 28, 1968. He was impressed by the strength and power of such a small-sized warship. The Admiral of the Fleet himself was present at the descent Soviet Union A.G. Gorshkov, who decided to assign names to different weather elements. " MRK-3"received the name " Storm"and became part of the USSR Navy, being in the port of Novorossiysk. During the transition from the factory RTO worked large number training tasks and conducted firing from all complexes. Until 1972, she left 3823 miles astern. In 1982 RTO« Storm» together with RTO« Thunder"carried out tracking of the US attack aircraft carrier CVA-67" in the Mediterranean Sea. For combat service, he was rated “excellent” and traveled 4,956 miles.
MRK "Moroz"
MRK "Passat"
MRK "Liven"
To combat low-flying anti-ship missiles on improved projects 1234.1 RTO The AK-630-M automatic installation with the MP-123/176 artillery fire control system was installed.
ZIF-122 launcher and 9M-33 missiles Osa-M air defense system
firing of the Osa-MA air defense system
cold sighting of an AK-176 and AK-630 artillery mount
artillery shooting AK-725
RTO projects 1234 And 1234.1 occupied their niche in the strategy and tactics of the Soviet Navy in the early 70s. The surface fleet was replenished with powerful warships, the strike capabilities of which made it possible to solve the problem of destroying large enemy forces. The defeat of convoys and so on. RTO improving tactics combat use as part of homogeneous and heterogeneous tactical groups, they significantly increased the capabilities of the fleet in the fight against the intended enemy. RTO started to perform military service in the Mediterranean Sea, and forced the command of the US Navy's Sixth Fleet to reconsider the concept of defensive operations of air strike groups in this direction. Combat capabilities RTO were also in full demand in the Pacific Ocean in the South China Sea.
to Favorites to Favorites from Favorites 0
In 1974, the Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau issued a technical specification for the development of a fundamentally new small rocket ship with a dynamic support principle - a skeg-type hovercraft of Project 1239 (code "Sivuch"). L.V. was appointed chief designer. Yelsky, the main observer from the Navy was initially Captain 1st Rank V.A. Litvinenko, and then Captain 2nd Rank Yu.N. Bogomolov.
The hovercraft missile ship Project 1239 was created as a development of the small missile ships Projects 1234 and 12341 already available in the USSR Navy. The experience of using these ships in combat service in the Mediterranean Sea showed that ships with such dimensions and a classic hull design are limited in the placement of weapons. Therefore, Project 1239 was made in the form of a catamaran with a large deck, which made it possible to solve the problem of cramped conditions and provide full accommodation of powerful weapons, and the crew - more comfortable living conditions. In addition, a ship of this design had to be highly seaworthy. When creating the Sivuch, the experience of the Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau and the Soviet shipbuilding industry, acquired during the construction of serial amphibious landing craft Project 1232 (Djeyran), Project 12322 Zubr, etc., was widely used.
The hull of the new rocket ship was made of aluminum alloy. The design consisted of two narrow buildings, covered with a platform measuring 64 x 18 meters, between which air is pumped, and in front there is a special elastic screen. Thus, the ship pr.1239 uses a hydrodynamic platform in the form of a catamaran with aerostatic air unloading (another name for this design is a ship with an air cavity).
The main power plant is a combined one: 2 M-504 diesel engines with a power of 3,300 hp. each is designed to create an air cushion, another 2 M-511A diesel engines with 10,000 hp each. used for movement in displacement mode and 2 gas turbines 20,000 hp each intended for full speed. Propulsion is provided by tandem propellers located on two lowered columns and two propellers on shafts at the rear of the hull.
Thanks to the original hull design in combination with the propulsion system, the MRK pr.1239 has unique shipbuilding qualities. First of all, these include the transformability of the hydrodynamic platform and the possibility of using the propulsion system in 36 variants. On the one hand, the ship pr.1239 is a catamaran with a speed range of up to 20 knots, on the other hand, it is a high-speed hovercraft with a maximum speed of over 50 knots. In both cases, the diesel-gas turbine power plant and combined propulsion system, as well as the transformable flexible fencing system, allow the ship to have a wide range of propulsion modes in both normal and emergency conditions.
The armament of the Project 1239 MRK includes the Moskit anti-ship missile complex (two 4-container launchers located on the side) with the Dubrava target designation complex, the Osa-MA self-defense air defense missile system (a retractable launcher is installed on the stern), a bow 76.2-mm gun mount AK-176 and two six-barreled 30-mm AK-630 assault rifles (in the bow and stern) with a Vympel fire control radar. For general detection, the RTO uses the Positive radar, mounted on a mast in a radio-transparent radome. The ship is also equipped with communications, navigation, electronic warfare equipment and launchers for PK-10 and PK-16 self-propelled jamming systems.
During testing, the lead ship of Project 1239 reached a speed of over 50 knots, which confirmed the design characteristics and technical solutions incorporated into its design. The ship could withstand seas of 8 points, and with sea waves of up to 5-6 points, it could use its weapons. In fact, this small missile ship has become the largest high-speed combat ship in its subclass in the practice of domestic and world shipbuilding.
Having two separate propulsion systems for cruising and full speed, capable of working separately and together, the Project 1239 ship can move in three main modes (catamaran, KVP-1 and KVP-2), which provides an almost one hundred percent guarantee of progress in any situation ( Thus, in all the past years of operation of the lead MRK “Bora” there has not been a case where the ship returned to base in tow). Moreover, the possibility of moving with the propulsion engines completely turned off was tested: with only the supercharger engines running, the ship was able to move due to the outflow of air from the air cushion to the stern against the wind (7 m/sec) at a speed of 3 knots.
Although Project 1239 was brought to serial production, for the Navy it did not become what was originally intended. The speed of 53 knots was achieved at too high a price: when compared with Project 1234, it turns out that with a similar composition of weapons and a slightly larger displacement, the Sivucha power plant is more than 2.2 times more powerful than the Gadfly. In addition, the cost and complexity of building the MRK Project 1239 is many times greater than its analogues in service with the Navy. Although, on the other hand, the ship carries strike weapons in the same composition as the entire destroyer Project 956 with a displacement of about 8 thousand tons.
Construction program. The lead ship, Project 1239, was built in 1987 at a shipyard in Zelenodolsk and received the name “Bora”. In 1989, it was put into trial operation on the Black Sea. After the collapse of the USSR in February 1993, the second small missile ship of this project, the Samum, was built at the same plant, which, due to the complexity of operation and the mass of developments, was officially accepted into service only by 2000. This ship became the last in the series.
Currently, both Project 1239 missile ships are part of the Russian Navy (in the Black Sea Fleet): one was first transferred to the Baltic for testing, then returned to Sevastopol, the second remained on the Black Sea from the very moment it was commissioned. Both regularly go to sea and take part in maneuvers and shooting exercises.
Despite the fact that at first Project 1239 was designed as a regular MRK and both ships were even assigned a tactical number with these letters during construction, later (due to the obviously large size and displacement for MRKs) they were classified as ships of rank 2, and therefore was created specifically for this project new class RKVP (Rank 2 hovercraft). In the west, RTOs pr.1239 received the strange designation Dergach class.
Placing weapons on a missile ship on Project 1239 PV
1 – 76.2 mm universal artillery mount AK-176; 2 – 30-mm six-barreled anti-aircraft guns AK-630M; 3 – four-container launchers for anti-ship missiles “Moskit”; 4 – navigation radar radome; 5 – fairing radar antennas target designation of the Dubrava anti-ship missile system; 6 – bow and stern sighting column “VK” for manual control AK-630M assault rifles; 7 – radome of the antenna for receiving external target designation of the SCRC; 8 – firing radar MR-123 “Vympel”; 9 – antenna radome for general detection radar “Positive”; 10 – antennas electronic warfare complex"Vympel-R2"; 11 – missile guidance station 4Р33 of the Osa-MA complex; 12 – PU of the PK-16 projectile jammer complex; 13 – PU of the PK-10 projectile jammer complex; 14 – retractable launcher for the Osa-MA air defense system
BRIEF SERVICE HISTORY
“BORA”, until 03/18/1992 MRK-27 [s/n 208]. Laid down on the slipway of the Krasny Metallist shipyard in Zelenodolsk; launched in 1987; accepted into trial operation on December 30, 1989; in 1990 it was transferred via inland waterways to the Black Sea; at the beginning of 1992 it underwent repairs in Kerch; 05/12/1997 officially put into operation; Since 1997, it has been part of the 41st Separate Brigade of Missile Boats of the Black Sea Fleet.
“SAMUM”, until 03/18/1992 MRK-17 [s/n 502]. Laid down on the slipway of the Krasny Metallist shipyard in Zelenodolsk in September 1991; launched 10/12/1992; accepted into trial operation in March 1992; transferred via inland waterways to the Black Sea, arrived in Kerch in November 1992; in March 1993 he arrived in Sevastopol; then he was again sent to the construction plant, and in October 1993 he arrived in Zelenodolsk; in September 1994 it went to the Baltic Sea via inland waterways; since December 1996, it passed state tests in Baltiysk; officially put into operation on February 26, 2000; was part of the 36th missile boat brigade of the Baltic Fleet; in 2002, it was relocated from the Baltic to the Black Sea Fleet and became part of the 41st Separate Brigade of Missile Boats of the Black Sea Fleet.
MAIN TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Displacement, tons
Standard - 850
Full - 1.050
Basic dimensions , m
Maximum length (according to waterline length) - 63.9
Maximum width (according to the vertical line) - 17.2
Draft while moving on an air cushion - >1
Draft while moving in displacement mode - 3.3
Main power plant :DSTU
2 gas turbines M-10-1,
total power, hp (kW) - 36.000 (26.500)
2 diesel engines M-511A for displacement. mode,
total power, hp (kW) - 20.000 (14.700)
2 diesel engines M-504 for superchargers,
total power, hp (kW) - 6.600 (4.850)
Gas turbine generators, power, kW/d
4 tandem propellers in two columns; 2 propellers on shafts
Travel speed, knots:
Largest - 53
Economic - 12
Cruising range, miles (at speed, knots) 2500 (12)
800 (45)
Autonomy, days 10
Crew, people (including officers)68 (9)
WEAPONS
Impact missile:
PU KT-190 PKRK "Moskit" - 2 X 4
Anti-ship missiles 3М80 "Moskit" (SS-N-22 "Sunburn") - 8
Anti-aircraft missile:
PU ZiF-122 SAM 4K33 “Osa-MA” - 1 X 2
SAM 9M33M (SA-N-4 “Gecko”) - 20
Artillery:
76.2 mm AU AK-176- 1 X 1
30mm ZAK AK-630M-2 X 6
RADIO-ELECTRONIC WEAPONS
General detection radar1 x “Positive” (Cross Dome)
1 x “Dubrava” (Band Stand) also for the control center of the PKRK
Navigation radar 1 x n/a
Electronic warfare equipment "Vympel-R2" (2 Foot Ball A)
complexes of fired jammers 2 X 16 PU PK-16
4 X 10 PU PK-10 “Brave”
Fire control radar 1 x "Dubrava" (Band Stand) for anti-ship missile system "Moskit"
2 X (Light Bulb) control center reception for the Moskit anti-ship missile system
1 X 4Р33 (Pop Group) for the Osa-M air defense system
1 X MP-123 “Vympel” (Bass Tilt) for AU and ZAK
communication equipment "Buran-7" complex
State identification radar "Nichrome" (Square Head; Salt Pot)
Possible modernization.
The small rocket ship "Liven" of project 1234.1, code "Ovod-1", was laid down on the slipway of the Leningrad Primorsky Shipyard in Leningrad and became the last in a series of 15 ships built at the plant.
Designed to destroy sea and coastal targets.
The Liven MRK was laid down on September 28, 1988, construction number 83. Launched on May 8, 1991. On October 25, 1991 it was put into operation. On February 11, 1992, it was included in the Baltic Fleet.
Board numbers: 475 (1991), 551 (since 1991).
Main characteristics: Full displacement 730 tons, standard 640 tons. Length 59.3 meters, beam 11.8 meters, draft 3.08 meters. Maximum speed 34 knots, economical speed 12 knots. Cruising range 3500 nautical miles at 18 knots. Autonomy 10 days. The crew consists of 64 people, including 10 officers and 14 midshipmen.
Power plant: 3 M-507A diesel engines with a total power of 30,000 horsepower, 3 shafts.
Armament: 6 Malachite anti-ship missile launchers (6 P-120 missiles), 1x76-mm AK-176 artillery mount, 1x6 30-mm AK-630 artillery mount, 1x2 Osa-M air defense missile launchers (20 missiles), radio-electronic equipment.
In July 1996, he took part in the naval parade in St. Petersburg dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet.
In May 1999, he visited the Swedish naval base at Karlskrona.
In May 2004, he took part in the naval parade on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Kronstadt.
According to a report dated March 27, 2014, the crew of the ship fired artillery and missiles at surface and air targets of various sizes located at different distances from the ship.
On May 7, 2015, in Baltiysk, under the leadership of the Chief of Staff of the Baltic Fleet, Rear Admiral Sergei Popov, a naval parade of warships of the fleet was held with the participation of naval aviation, in which he took part.
According to a message dated July 4, 2016, a parade of ships and a military sports festival in honor of the Day Navy Russia. According to a report dated October 27, the detachment of warships of the Baltic Fleet successfully fired artillery at targets.
According to a message dated April 14, 2017, in accordance with the combat training plan at the naval training ground, air and sea targets of a mock enemy from an anti-aircraft gun missile complex"Wasp". According to a message dated May 4, he headed for St. Petersburg, where he will take part in the naval part of the military parade dedicated to the 72nd anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. According to a message dated June 16, in accordance with the combat training plan of the Baltic Fleet, in training grounds located in the Baltic Sea, together with a small missile ship, artillery fire was successfully fired at targets simulating air attack weapons of a mock enemy. According to a report dated June 26, a missile duel with a detachment of mock enemy ships.
According to a report dated May 21, 2018, he was at sea, where he conducted artillery firing at targets simulating a floating sea mine and air attack weapons of a mock enemy. According to a message dated July 05, to Kronstadt to prepare for the Main Naval Parade, which will take place on July 29 in St. Petersburg and Kronstadt.
According to a report dated April 12, 2019, the naval strike group successfully launched electronic missiles at targets simulating a detachment of warships of a mock enemy.
Loading...
