The production of hygiene products is in stable demand under any economic conditions. One of its most sought-after activities is the production of toilet paper as an essential item for millions of consumers.
This type of business does not depend on economic conditions, is developing dynamically and can bring significant income to the entrepreneur.
Market analysis and business development prospects
The market in this segment is represented by different manufacturers - domestic and foreign, in different price categories - from the most affordable to premium brands. Moreover, it has been noticed that every year demand for toilet paper is becoming more and more selective and leaning towards comfortable, expensive options. Every year, the global market for hygiene products increases by at least 7%, which means that it is relatively easy for any manufacturer, even a beginner, to find a niche for selling such products.
The production of toilet paper is a traditionally stable, constantly functioning production with a quick payback, low costs and good profits.
To begin with it will be useful consumer demand research in a particular region - how much buyers are willing to pay for products of this type, and what assortment is preferable. Toilet paper is divided for samples with and without a sleeve made of cardboard or plastic, there are single-layer and multi-layer (usually 2-3 layers), smooth and grooved, with and without fragrances, with or without a pattern. Some manufacturers get creative and put jokes and quotes on paper to make their products popular. The most economical option would be plain white or gray toilet paper without a core or fragrance.
Step-by-step registration
It would be most optimal for the production of toilet paper as a business, since suppliers of raw materials mostly prefer cooperation with legal entities. Registration will cost 10 thousand rubles. Also, this type of production may require a license costing approximately 140-150 thousand rubles.
IN mandatory a sanitary-epidemiological conclusion and a certificate of conformity should be issued in order to sell finished products. To do this, it is necessary to provide registered premises, constituent documents of the enterprise (,), as well as quality certificates for raw materials. It must be remembered that for the production of products for which there is no certificate, you may be subject to a fine. In order to obtain a license from the sanitary-epidemiological service, which is always difficult, manufactured products must comply with GOST R 52354-2005.
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Organization of production
Description of the technological process
Toilet paper can be made two main ways: using full and simplified cycles. With a full production line, the raw material is waste paper, which is gradually processed using various equipment. With a simplified cycle, the finished product is obtained from a paper-cellulose base, which is rewound with special devices and cut into rolls. In terms of cost, the first method is the least expensive.
Full cycle
toilet paper production consists of several stages– from cleaning to packaging of the finished product:
- Initially, recyclable materials are prepared for subsequent processing: they are cleaned of impurities and washed, and then crushed with the addition of water.
- The mass, thoroughly crushed, is dried, filtered through a special sieve to remove small inclusions (glass, paper clips, clips, etc.). Then it is placed in a tank, where it is washed with tap and recycled water, which will subsequently determine the final product and its quality (in particular, the whiteness of the paper produced).
- Then the raw material is ground: the mass is crushed with new water using a multifunctional mill to a water-paper mixture, and the raw material goes into a pressure tank and then into a container where unnecessary moisture is removed.
- For further production of roll-type blanks, the mixture is squeezed out using a nylon mesh, which also serves as a transport belt. Excess liquid is sent for reuse. The mass is added to a special drum for drying, heating and compression. The tapes are then cut and wound into roll warps.
- The rolled bases are fed to a special unwinding machine designed for embossing. Rewinding is used to structure multilayer webs and dense rolls.
- The final procedures are packaging and cutting the paper into rolls. The finished products are sealed with a label and cut into rolls on a machine. Then the rolls are packaged in polyethylene and sent for sale.
Simplified production stage
Toilet paper production involves installing a finished paper base made of cellulose on a special drum and passing it through perforation blocks, resulting in an embossed pattern on the paper. The toilet paper is then rolled onto a wide core or rolled into rolls without a core. Next, the cutting machine produces rolls of the required width. Finished products are packaged in polyethylene.
The production process of this type of product is discussed in the following video:
Equipment purchase
At purchasing equipment It should be taken into account that the installation of a complete production line allows you to put the production of products on stream and reduce costs as much as possible. The cost of such a line, depending on the manufacturer, degree of automation, configuration, and capacity, will range from 1 to 2 million rubles. Average productivity of toilet paper: 1 ton per day.
The complete set of the main production line includes a paper making machine, a winding and unwinding machine, a roll block cutting machine, a packaging machine, and a labeling table.
Lines of this type are offered by different manufacturers. If the business is still in its infancy, then it would be more advisable to buy either used equipment or Chinese-made machines. Then, if production is successful, the equipment can be improved. It is also better to choose a company that, along with the sale of equipment, will offer its installation, commissioning, and service.
To organize the production of toilet paper using a simplified cycle, you will need the following: types of equipment, such as: winding and rewinding machine, cutting machine, table for packaging finished products. The entire set will cost approximately 800 thousand rubles.
If rolls are produced with sleeves, then you will also need a machine for the production of cardboard sleeves, which costs about 100 thousand rubles.
The best option would be to purchase equipment with subsequent purchase. A systematic return to the supplier of the required amount of money is the most gentle option for a young businessman.
An example of how a machine for producing toilet paper works is shown in this video:
Selection of raw materials
One of the most difficult issues in the toilet paper production process is search for raw materials for its production. The high quality of products directly depends on the components included in them.
There exists here two main options:
- ready-made special paper base for sanitary and hygienic purposes made from cellulose;
- paper waste - waste paper.
The base is usually in rolls on a sleeve approximately 1-2 meters long and weighing from 100 to 600 kg.
If waste paper is taken, then the following types can be used: MS-1 (snow-white writing paper without printing), MS-2 (white writing paper with a ruler), MS-3 (medium quality book and magazine paper), MS-7 (cardboard ), MS-10 (newsprint). It is obvious that the MS-1 and MS-2 brands are the most preferable in terms of the expected quality of the finished product.
If the roll manufacturing technology requires the presence of bushings, then they will also have to be either purchased or made from cardboard and Dextrin-type glue at your own enterprise.
As additional materials You will also need cloth and special meshes (for making paper), as well as high-quality paper glue.
Recycling waste paper requires more expensive equipment, but the raw materials are cheap; with a paper base, it’s the opposite - the equipment you need is simple and inexpensive, but the raw materials will be expensive. However, the option of producing toilet paper from waste paper is considered the most profitable. You can organize a collection point directly at the production site and purchase paper waste from the population for about 2-3 rubles per kilogram.
For the final stage of production, polyethylene or packaging paper is required.
Mini-enterprise staff
The number of personnel for organizing the production of toilet paper can be from 5 to 10 people, including 2-3 workers operating machines, 2 loaders, 1 accountant, 1 driver, 1 security guard.
The list is approximate and may vary depending on production volumes. A significant advantage will be the highly qualified employees and their periodic retraining.
Selecting a room
A toilet paper production workshop must be selected based on certain criteria. The area should be from 150-200 sq. m, and the ceiling height is from 4 m. The room is divided into three parts: a production line, a warehouse for sorting and storing raw materials and a warehouse for finished products. For production, it is necessary to have three-phase electricity, water supply and sewerage.
Setting up sales and advertising
An entrepreneur engaged in the production of this necessary everyday product must understand that at least a third of the toilet paper sales market comes from supermarkets, with which it is very difficult to compete. Therefore, in order to maintain your business and allow it to develop, you need to establish distribution channels to small retail outlets, and only then try to make deals with large wholesale stores. You can sell toilet paper in any quantity, since this type of product is not subject to excise tax.
An excellent development option would be to create your own dealer network to serve customers. One of the innovative types of sales of hygiene products will be the installation of appropriate. Over time, the business can be expanded, combining the production of toilet paper with the production of paper towels and napkins .
It is important for the manufacturer to achieve the best possible price-quality combination, that is, to sell high-quality toilet paper at a price no higher than similar options in a given region. Establishing supplies of inexpensive raw materials is of exceptional importance. Also, during a crisis, we can advise the manufacturer to temporarily focus on the production of inexpensive but high-quality samples of toilet paper without embossing, relief or flavorings. Here the price of the product will be decisive.
Of course, advertising is necessary for any manufactured product, but in the case of selling toilet paper, the best advertising will be the inexpensive price and quality of the finished product. And it is advisable to redirect funds intended for advertising to drawing up a profitable commercial offer for potential clients - wholesalers and small retailers.
Financial part: expenses, income, payback
The production of toilet paper is a highly profitable business. The revenue can be significant with a well-designed and carefully thought-out and small investment.
When starting up a full production line, you will need initial investment in the amount of 1.5-2 million rubles, which includes the following items (costs are distributed approximately):
Income will depend on the production volumes and pricing policy of the enterprise. The approximate cost of a roll of toilet paper is 1.5-2 rubles, and its wholesale price is 3.5-4.5 rubles.
According to experts, expected from the production of toilet paper - 80-100 thousand rubles per month.
Production - from 8 to 24 months, depending on the characteristics of a particular enterprise.
Toilet paper falls into the category of essential goods. Accordingly, the production of such products is a promising and quite profitable activity for beginning entrepreneurs. The production of toilet paper as a business brings in a good, stable income. We will tell you how to organize such a profitable business in this article.
Business Features
When drawing up a business plan for the production of toilet paper, you need to take into account that it can be of three types:
- Perforated;
- Single layer;
- Multilayer.
The amount of capital investment in the production process largely depends on the technology for producing toilet paper. In other words, the price of the finished product is directly proportional to the cost of raw materials. The basis for the production of toilet paper is material made from waste paper or cellulose. Waste paper is a secondary raw material from which inexpensive products with a grayish tint are obtained. Luxury goods are made from cellulose paper. They can be any color with different properties.
As a rule, small and medium-sized enterprises are engaged in the production of toilet paper from waste paper. Simple equipment and recycled materials with almost zero cost make it possible to start the production of toilet paper at home with minimal investment. Since such products are everyday goods for the majority of the population, they are sold in large quantities. Thanks to this, all initial investments are recouped in the shortest possible time.
There are many companies in our country that supply raw materials for mini-production of toilet paper. This allows us to obtain products of different quality and all price categories. The cost of the base ranges from 15–50 thousand rubles per ton. In addition to cellulose and waste paper, the production of toilet paper and napkins will require cardboard, labels and adhesive mixtures.
Registration of activities
There shouldn't be any difficulties with paperwork. If we talk about the legal form, the best option is to register an LLC, since large supply companies usually work only with legal entities. In addition, you need to obtain the necessary licenses and permits.
To sell goods you will need quality certificates for finished products. To complete them you need to collect the following documents:
- Certificates for raw materials;
- Agreement for the lease of industrial premises;
- Certificate of state registration of the enterprise.
If you want to buy a toilet paper business, all you need to do is register an LLC. It is worth noting that selling a toilet paper business is the best option for entrepreneurs who do not have experience in this field.
Room
The production workshop can be located in a room with an area of at least 100–150 square meters. meters. The height of the ceilings in it should not be less than 4 m. If you want to open, at first you can equip a garage for a mini-enterprise.
Basic requirements for the premises:
- Plumbing;
- Sewage system;
- Electricity.
The workshop needs to be divided into several zones:
- Production premises;
- Warehouse for finished products;
- Raw materials warehouse.
Over time, when the company reaches a net profit, you can rent additional space and open. This is a fairly profitable line of business that will allow you to significantly increase the profitability of your enterprise in a short time.
Staff
At first, you will need 4 people to work in the workshop. In addition, you need to hire:
- Technologist;
- Driver;
- Storekeeper;
- Accountant.
If you are opening a large production, you will need more staff. In order to save money, you can combine some positions. At the same time, you should not overload your employees, as this can negatively affect labor productivity.
Equipment
Modern equipment for the production of toilet paper consists of four units. The first part is the winding machine. Rolls are formed on it. To increase productivity, wide roll arrays are used. To cut them, you need to purchase a special cutting device. Many manufacturers practice selling finished products in small wholesale, several products in one package. In this regard, in addition to the basic equipment for the production of toilet paper, you also need to purchase a packaging machine.
Mini enterprises usually use machines for the production of toilet paper, which ensure continuous operation with any type of raw material - cellulose and waste paper. It is desirable that such equipment could be used to produce different types of products. A universal working line, thanks to its functionality, will allow you to expand your product range and thereby significantly reduce the payback period of your business.
If you are not sure that you can choose the right equipment and organize the work correctly, you can buy a ready-made business for the production of toilet paper. In this case, you will receive ownership of an operating enterprise with an established production process.
Financial investments and profits
Now let's calculate the approximate cost of producing toilet paper.One-time costs:
- Business registration – 8 thousand rubles;
- Equipment – 1.2 million rubles;
- Repair of production premises - 200 thousand rubles.
Total: 1.408 million rubles.
Monthly expenses:
- Rent – 50 thousand rubles;
- The workers' salary is 200 thousand rubles;
- Raw materials – 500 thousand rubles;
- Additional expenses – 60 thousand rubles.
Total: 810 thousand rubles.
With the funds included in these calculations, it is possible to purchase approximately 30 tons of raw materials. It will yield 272.5 thousand rolls of finished products. The cheapest roll costs 3.7 rubles. Accordingly, if you sell all the products, you will receive 1,008,250 rubles. If you subtract all expenses, the net profit from the sale will be 208,250 rubles.
Sales channels for finished products
Sales of finished products is a very important point that needs to be given special attention. Toilet paper is a product that no one can do without. It is sold in all stores and supermarkets, so there are usually no problems with the sale of such products. At first, you can sell products in bulk to local supermarkets and stores. In addition, manufacturers of such products can cooperate with intermediaries. Entrepreneurs who engage in such activities look for inexpensive goods and sell them at a premium through their outlets. If you manage to agree on cooperation with them, you can sell finished products in large quantities at a wholesale price.
In parallel with paper production, it is possible to launch the production of related products. It could be:
- Cardboard;
- Paper kitchen towels;
- Napkins and stuff.
Advertising
If you plan to expand your business to a larger scale in the future, be sure to develop your own logo. It is applied to the label of the finished product.
Toilet paper can be of two types - with and without a sleeve. If you're interested, check out the second, cheaper option. In this case, you need to remember that consumers are accustomed to comfort, so the demand for such products may decrease. But if you make it original and recognizable, sales will grow. A competent business plan and a carefully developed marketing strategy will help you achieve great success in this matter.
Semi-automatic toilet paper production machine
Advantages and disadvantages of business
When it comes to whether it is worth starting a toilet paper production business as a business, expert reviews can be very different. But basically, they agree that it's great.
Among the advantages of such a business, I would like to highlight the possibility of selling finished products in large quantities. Retail chains are able to purchase the entire stock of finished products; accordingly, the initial investment will begin to pay off literally from the first day after the opening of production. If the products are not stored in the warehouse, the enterprise operates without interruptions and brings in a stable high income.
In addition to the advantages, the business idea of producing toilet paper also has disadvantages. First of all, this is the high level of competition in this market segment. The most profitable strategy for the development of a mini-enterprise is to sell finished products to small retail outlets, since supermarkets and other large stores, as a rule, have regular suppliers. To sell factory volumes, you need to establish cooperation with wholesalers.
Today you can find equipment for the production of toilet paper, both domestic and imported, of varying power and productivity.
Types of ready-made equipment systems
There are two types of production line equipment:
- manufactured from finished material;
- mini-workshop processing waste paper.
The price of finished products directly depends on the types of raw materials. Preparing paper waste for subsequent processing is a labor-intensive process, but it can significantly reduce the cost of goods. An inexpensive product of grayish shades is obtained from waste paper. Elite products come in different properties, colors and are made from cellulose paper.
Equipment that produces paper from a finished base - cellulose
A less expensive and simplified option is equipment for the production of toilet paper from prepared raw materials.
Pulp is sold in widths of 1 to 2 meters and weighs up to 600 kg.
Required equipment set:
- paper rewinding machine;
- cutting machine;
- table for packaging finished products;
- machine for the production of bushings (if necessary).
The price of the entire set is 960,000 rubles. To produce embossed paper, you must additionally purchase a perforation unit.
Equipment with a full and incomplete cycle of paper production from waste paper
The lines of the mini-workshop for the production of full-cycle paper products vary in capacity. They include a machine for preparing paper base, which includes:
- electric generator;
- crusher for crushing paper waste;
- a sieve that separates metal objects (paper clips, clips);
- a mill that shreds waste paper and mixes it with water;
- waste paper washing system (running water);
- cleaners;
- nylon mesh;
- drum for drying at a temperature of 110 degrees;
- scraper knife;
- drying and winding system;
- unwinding machine that embosses and forms layers of the workpiece.
The following processing of paper rolls occurs:
- bobbin rolling device;
- machine for cutting and packing rolls.
Before starting the production of toilet paper from waste paper, it is worth taking care of the supply of the factory. On average, a small plant is capable of processing 10 tons of raw materials every day.
Paper recycling
Examples of machines from domestic and imported suppliers
Automated models are presented in Russia:
- ALBP-1 (Nika LLC) - productivity per shift reaches 4 tons, the cost of the equipment is 4 million rubles.
- Omsk "OBM" - 4 employees are needed to service the complex, produces up to 1 ton of products per shift, the price is 1 million 900 thousand rubles.
The domestic market offers many automated lines. When choosing a supplier, an important point is not only the installation of equipment and startup work, but also the possibility of the same company carrying out repair work if necessary.
The Harbin plant produces equipment that produces up to 10 tons of paper every day. Price - 71.6 million rubles.
The most affordable price (24.8 million rubles) is a plant for the production of cardboard. Daily productivity - 20 tons.
The Hong Kong complex (ZS-E-1380) does not have a recycling line for toilet paper from waste paper. It is capable of producing 6 logs in 1 minute, the price of the model is 1 million 750 thousand rubles.
The Japanese have invented a machine that makes toilet paper from office paper waste. She is able to make 1 roll of 40 sheets of A4 paper and water in half an hour.
The price of the machine is 100 thousand dollars.
Production material (recycled materials).
Waste paper is divided into several types:
| Letter designation | Group | Description |
| MS 1 | A - high quality | Raw materials without adhesive tape, drawings, seals, glue, metal components are provided by industrial paper companies |
| MS 2 | Waste with stripes (black and white, varnish), trimmings, rejected products | |
| MS 3 | Documents from the archive, defective printing houses, forms printed on white paper | |
| MS 4 | B - average quality | Catalog and magazine products, books and notebooks without bindings and covers |
| MS 5 | New newspaper waste paper | |
| MS 6 | Newspapers read | |
| MS 7 | Cardboard products |
Do not use glossy or coated paper for recycling.
Sources of raw materials can be: printing and publishing houses, offices of large companies, the population, waste paper collection points, installation of containers for collecting paper waste.
Paper production technology
All work is divided into 3 stages:
- production of paper base;
- production of products;
- cutting and packaging rolls.
Paper making process
There is no initial stage when using a ready-made base in production. Mini-workshop lines designed for processing recyclable materials operate according to the following principle:
- in a reservoir with water, waste paper is soaked and mixed;
- a special device softens and grinds the resulting mass;
- the mixture is enriched in a tank of water and brought to the desired state;
- the vacuum pump saturates the mass supplied by the mill pump with oxygen;
- a continuously moving mesh table evenly distributes recyclables and directs them to spinning;
- a cloth conveyor delivers the dehydrated mixture to the drum for heating, the liquid is sent to the first tank (for recycling);
- passing through the drum, the surface of which is evenly heated, the paper pulp loses 65% of moisture;
- The scraper knife separates the mixture from the walls of the drum, it is wound up, and bobbins are formed in the receiving device.
At the next stage, the machine that unwinds the reels creates logs (rolls of the required width and diameter). Embossing and pasting with packaging paper is carried out.
At the third stage, the log is sawed in the cutting station according to the specified parameters. Rolls are packaged in boxes for sale.
The problem of getting raw materials to the plant for processing is the main one. Russian residents, as well as organizations, instead of recycling raw materials, simply throw away paper waste. Stores selling household appliances and food products are considered more “paper” organizations.
Small factories prefer to use complexes that produce toilet paper with any raw material (waste paper or cellulose), thereby ensuring continuity of work. The production of various types of products will increase the range of paper products and speed up the return on investment of the business.
When there is no complete confidence in the correct choice of the necessary equipment for the production of toilet paper, it is possible to purchase an already operating workshop where the production process and sales of goods have been established.
Video: Machine for making toilet paper
- Input data
- Tax system
- Do I need to obtain permits?
- Production technology
- Similar business ideas:
Feasibility study for mini-production of toilet paper. Brief business plan.
The prospects for starting a business in the production of toilet paper are obvious. The Russian market for this product, as well as other hygiene products, shows annual growth of 7 - 9%. At the same time, in monetary terms the market is growing faster (20 - 30%) than in physical terms. More and more people are switching to consuming more expensive two- and three-ply toilet paper rather than cheap single-ply.
Step-by-step plan for starting a business
- Search for sources of project financing
- Search for premises for placing equipment, warehouse and office.
- Search for suppliers of raw materials and supplies
- Purchase of equipment - lines for the production of toilet paper
- Registration of a legal entity, tax registration
- Conclusion of a lease agreement. Repair of premises, creation of conditions for the operation of the enterprise.
- Obtaining permits to start production (Rospotrebnadzor, Gospozhnadzor).
- Recruitment and training of personnel
- Starting a business
Input data
- The size of the rented premises is 250 sq. m. m.
- Rent - 62,500 rubles.
- Number of working personnel - 6 people.
- Work shifts - one 8-hour work shift
- Production volume - 30 tons per month
- Raw materials - cellulose base
How much money do you need to start a business?
- Deposit for renting premises - 125,000 rubles.
- Purchase of raw materials - 300,000 rubles.
- Rewinding machine PM-3 - RUB 1,300,000.
- Bushing machine VT-42 - 220,000 rub.
- Cutting machine PL-41 - 200,000 rub.
- Wrapping machine OS-15 - RUB 190,000.
- Packaging machine US-5T - 195,000 rub.
- Auxiliary equipment - RUB 50,000.
- Commissioning works - 50,000 rubles.
- Business registration and other expenses - RUB 150,000.
Total - 2,780,000 rubles.
Calculation of the cost of production of toilet paper (30 tons)
- Cellulose base - RUB 2,225,000. (RUB 75,000/t)
- Polyethylene film - RUB 54,000. (180 rub./kg)
- Cardboard sleeve - 40,000 rub. (RUB 22,220/t)
- Glue - 2600 rub. (65 rub./l.)
- Salary of 3 workers and contributions to the Russian Federation - 80,000 rubles.
- Salary of office workers (accountant, sales and supply manager) - 55,000 rubles.
- Rent - 62,500 rub.
- Electricity (9 kW/h*8 h)*30 days - 12,960 (6 RUR/kW).
Total - 2,532,060 rubles.
How much can you earn from producing toilet paper?
One ton of tissue paper yields approximately 11,100 rolls of toilet paper. Accordingly, 333,000 rolls can be produced from 30 tons. According to the above calculations, the cost of manufacturing one roll will be: 2,532,060 / 333,000 = 7.60 rubles. The optimal selling price for one roll to retail chains is 9.80 rubles. (28% markup). Hence the profit per roll is 2.2 rubles. Sales of the entire produced batch (333,000 pieces) will allow you to earn 732,600 rubles. per month. In this situation, investments in business pay off in 3 - 4 months of operation of the enterprise.
What equipment do you need to purchase to produce toilet paper?
There are quite a lot of manufacturers of toilet paper production lines in Russia. It is recommended to choose manufacturers located in your region and who can carry out commissioning work. The toilet paper production line consists of the following machines:
- Rewinding machine;
- Bushing machine;
- Cutting machine;
- Packing machine;
- Pasting table.
Semi-automatic lines are offered to the attention of entrepreneurs who produce paper, at a price of 800,000 rubles and above. And the lines are automatic, at a price of 1,200,000 rubles and above.
What documents are needed to open
For an enterprise that will engage in production, wholesale trade, and cooperate with retail chains, it is recommended to open a limited liability company. Before registering an enterprise, you need to find a premises in which production will take place and enter into a lease agreement. It is this production premises that will be indicated in the documents as the legal address of this business. The prepared documents must be submitted to government authorities or to multifunctional public service centers (MFCs). If you plan to engage in production and wholesale trade, it is recommended to open a bank account.
Which OKVED code should you choose for registration?
OKVED 21.22 Production of paper products for household, sanitary and hygienic purposes.
Tax system
If the enterprise carries out production and wholesale trade, then only a general or simplified taxation system (STS) can be applied. Under the simplified taxation system, organizations are exempt from paying property tax, profit tax, and VAT. The simplified tax system is limited by the income limits of enterprises; in 2017, the income limit was increased to 150 million rubles per year.
Do I need to obtain permits?
The production of toilet paper in Russia is registered by GOST R52354-2005. For this type of activity, it is necessary to obtain permission from the sanitary and epidemiological supervision to begin business activities. As well as permission from the fire inspectorate. These two government agencies will monitor the operation of the enterprise. The premises in which production is located and people will work must comply with sanitary and fire safety standards.
Production technology
- Use of waste paper used as raw material.
Waste paper is cleaned of debris, crushed in a crusher, adding water. Then the raw material is filtered through a sieve. 2. Washing of raw materials. The mixture is sent to the tank and washed well with water. The whiteness of the raw material will depend on how the mass is washed. 3. Grinding of raw materials. The raw material is crushed using water, then it is sent to the pressure tank.
- Adjustment of raw material composition.
The mixture is sent to a tank, where it is checked whether the proportions of raw materials and water are maintained. When the standards are met, it is poured onto the mesh table of the machine.
- Production of blanks.
The excess liquid is compressed with a nylon mesh, then the mixture is transferred to a dryer, where at a temperature of 110 degrees, the paper dries. Strips of paper are wound onto reels. 6.Unwinding and embossing. Then the reel is placed on an unwinding machine, embossing and rewinding takes place.
- Roll cutting and packaging.
The log is wrapped with a label, then it is cut into rolls of the required size. Packed and sent to retail outlets.
Toilet paper is one of the most important household items for a civilized person. Millions of rolls of this essential product are produced and used every day around the world. Not every entrepreneur knows how toilet paper is made. Meanwhile, the production of such a necessary hygiene product is one of the most promising investments.
Types of toilet paper
Rolled toilet paper appeared at the end of the 19th century and at first caused ridicule and confusion among ordinary people. The demand for its production has increased significantly with population growth and the development of civilization. Modern toilet paper differs significantly from its ancestor and comes in several types:
Depending on the raw material:
- gray - made from waste paper (grades MS1, MS3, MS3, MS7 - cardboard, MS10 - newspapers);
- white - made from cellulose.
By number of layers:
- single layer;
- two-layer;
- multilayer (three or more layers).
Regardless of the type, toilet paper must be durable, soft, highly hygroscopic and break into fibers when it gets into water. To decorate it, you can use only environmentally friendly and neutral dyes that do not cause allergic reactions.
Production stages
The paper production process consists of several stages:
- Preparation of raw materials. Waste paper is cleaned of impurities, crushed in special crushers, mixed with water and filtered through a calibration sieve, which catches remaining foreign objects.
- Preparation of a water-paper mixture. The paper pulp is washed in a large amount of water and ground in a mill to a fine fraction. Then pour into a concentration stabilizer and adjust to 0.5%.
- Drying. The resulting mixture is dumped onto a conveyor net, through which it is sent to the drying drum. As it passes through the line, excess water drains and is sent to the washing stage. In the drum, the paper pulp dries, is cut into sheets and rolled into reels.
- Formation of rolls. The reels are unwound, embossed and the required number of layers are applied to the paper, and then rolled into rolls of the required diameter.
- Packaging and calibration. Large rolls are labeled and cut into several small ones.
At the forming stage, the paper can be colored or a decorative design with the manufacturer’s logo applied on top.
Production equipment
It is impossible to complete the entire paper manufacturing process using one machine, so manufacturers install special lines or mini-factories. They consist of pulper, mixing tanks, paper making machine, unwinding machine and slitting device.
Pulper
A vertical cylindrical bath with blades in which waste paper with a small amount of water is broken into fibers and passed through a sieve of a certain caliber. The device is designed for grinding and purifying raw materials from impurities. Its productivity depends on the size and can reach up to 500 tons per day.
Mixing tanks
To produce paper, several tanks of different volumes are used, in which a water-paper mixture of a certain concentration is gradually prepared. In the first container, the slurry, cleared of impurities, is washed with a large amount of running and reverse (flush from the mesh line) water, and ground to a fine fraction. The quality and price of the final product depend on the degree of purity. The resulting mixture enters the pressure tank and passes into the concentration stabilizer, where it is adjusted with water to a consistency of 0.5% of the mixture.
Paper making machine
The main element of the entire production, where the process of turning paper pulp into a complete canvas takes place. It consists of a mesh table, a press, an inlet device, drying drums and a reel. From the tanks, the water-paper mixture flows onto a moving mesh table, from which the liquid drains and is pumped out by vacuum pumps into a special tank for further use in washing.
The squeezed mass is pressed to remove residual moisture, after which it becomes dense and transparent. The raw material enters a cylindrical drying drum, where it is dried with hot steam under pressure of up to 40% humidity at 10 revolutions per minute. The finished fabric is cut with a scraper knife and rolled into bobbins.
Rewinding machine
A device for forming toilet paper of a given diameter. The reels are unwound, embossing and design are applied to the surface, and the web is wound onto a cardboard core or directly into a roll.
Slicing device
At the final stage of production, the wound paper web is cut into small rolls with a diameter of 80 to 200 mm. Thanks to specially sharpened band knives, the productivity of the machine can reach up to 1200 units/hour.
The production of toilet paper is a simple and profitable enterprise. It does not require a lot of resources and, with proper sales organization, quickly pays for itself.
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