Born on January 12 (24), 1892 in the working village of the Nizhne-Serginsky plant (now Nizhnie Sergi, Sverdlovsk region) in the family of a school teacher. In 1909 he graduated from the Alekseevskoe Real School (now the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov), and in 1921 - the Imperial Higher Technical School (MVTU named after N.E. Bauman).
During the First World War he worked as a turner at the Dynamo plant in Moscow. Since 1922, he headed the design bureau of the Motor plant.
In 1925-1926, under the leadership of Shvetsov, the 5-cylinder radial aircraft engine M-11 was developed - the first serial air-cooled aircraft engine in the USSR, which was produced until 1940 (in modifications until 1952) and was used on U-2 aircraft (Po -2), AIR-6, UT-2, Yak-18.
Deputy of the USSR Supreme Council of 2-3 convocations (since 1946).
A.D. Shvetsov died in Moscow on March 19, 1953. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery (site No. 4).
Engine Wright R-1820
In 1934, the USSR purchased a license for the American Wright R-1820 radial engine. To develop and adapt the engine, plant No. 19 was created in Perm, of which A.D. Shvetsov was appointed technical director and chief designer. In 1939, the design department of the plant was transformed into OKB-19, with Shvetsov appointed chief designer.
In 1947, A.D. Shvetsov was awarded the title of “General Designer”.
In 1934-1953, under the leadership of A.D. Shvetsov, a family of air-cooled piston engines based on the Wright R-1820 license was created:
- M-25 - 1934
- AS(M)-62 - 1939
- M-63 - 1939
- AS(M)-82 - 1941
- AS(M)-82F - 1942
- AS(M)-82FN - 1943
- M-71 - 1942
- AS-73 - 1945
- AS-21 - 1946
- ASH-2TK - 28-cylinder, 4-row with a power of 4000 hp.
- ASH-2K - combined turbine-piston engine with a power of 4500 hp.
Awards and prizes
- Hero of Socialist Labor (22.1.1942)
- five Orders of Lenin (1936, 1942, 1945, 1949, 1952)
- Order of Suvorov II degree
- Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree
- Order of the Red Banner of Labor
- medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
- Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
- Stalin Prize, first degree (1942) - for the development of a new design for an aircraft engine
- Stalin Prize, first degree (1943) - for the creation of a new model of aircraft engine
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1946) - for the creation of a new model of aircraft engine
- Stalin Prize (1948)
Memory
The Aviation College and a street in Perm are named after Shvetsov. A monument was erected in the designer’s homeland, in the city of Nizhnye Sergi.
Sikorsky, Polikarpov, Ilyushin, Tupolev, Myasishchev, Sukhoi, Yakovlev, Antonov... - a galaxy of great Russian aircraft designers known throughout the world! Some became famous for creating the world's best combat vehicles, others - famous transport and passenger aircraft.
But planes without engines are dead structures. Therefore, the glory of aircraft designers should rightfully be shared by engine designers. Unfortunately, few people know their names. Our short essay is dedicated to one of them - Arkady Dmitrievich Shvetsov, whose 125th birthday (01/12/1892) was celebrated this year.
Before the jet era, airplanes flew on internal combustion engines - the same as cars, only many times more powerful. Moreover, the engines were of two types - water-cooled and air-cooled. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Water-cooled engines were more difficult to manufacture and operate, but fit well into the streamlined shape of the aircraft. Air-cooled engines increased the aircraft's drag, but were more durable and better protected the military pilot from enemy bullets and shells. Structurally, they were so different that even at the dawn of aviation, specialization arose not only of aircraft engine factories, but also of the designers themselves. HELL. Shvetsov devoted his entire creative life to air-cooled engines and actually became the country's main specialist in this field.
He created his very first engine in 1923. It was a 5-cylinder radial engine with a power of only 100 horsepower - the famous M-11, which faithfully served our aviation for more than 40 years. It was used by Polikarpov's Po-2 "sky slow-moving aircraft", which during the Great Patriotic War turned from training aircraft into effective night bombers. Later, the engine power was increased to 160 hp. and many light and sport aircraft were created for it, including the Yak-18, which was mass-produced until the early 1960s.
The next work was the M-62 engine (in 1944 renamed ASh-62 - after the author’s initials) with a power of 1000 hp. for Polikarpov's I-153 and I-16 - record holders for altitude and maneuverability, the best fighters of the mid-1930s. And after the war, the engine worked (and still works) on the reliable and unpretentious An-2 “corn trucks”. It was mass-produced for more than 50 years.
In 1934, Shvetsov, as an experienced specialist (he then worked as the chief engineer of the Moscow Motor plant), was appointed chief designer of a giant aircraft engine plant under construction in Perm - the city where he was born, graduated from a real school and from where he went to study at the famous Moscow Higher Technical School. His main official task was to quickly master serial production of licensed American engines, and his unofficial task was to create a qualified design team from scratch.
He successfully completed both tasks and soon began developing his own engines. The most famous of them and one of the most popular during the war were the ASh-82 with a power of 1700 hp. s., serial production of which began in May 1941. Various modifications of these engines were installed on a variety of aircraft: on the La-5 and La-7 fighters (by the way, it was on the “La” that pilot I. Kozhedub shot down 62 fascist aircraft, for which and received three stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union), on the unsurpassed front-line bombers of World War II Tu-2, on long-range bombers Pe-8 (People's Commissar V.M. Molotov flew on one of them to America). ASh-82 served for decades after the war. They were used on passenger aircraft Il-12 and Il-14 and on the first domestic helicopters Yak-24 and Mi-4. Hundreds of these engines are still in service today.
The latest work by A.D. Shvetsov became the ASh-2TK engine with an unprecedented power of 4300 hp at that time, which had increased altitude (the ability to maintain power in very rarefied air) and exceptional efficiency. It was intended for long-range high-altitude bombers.
However, when testing and development of the engine were completed, it became clear that the era of piston aircraft had come to an end. Together with her, the short life of the great designer and scientist came to an end. Arkady Dmitrievich died on March 19, 1953 at the age of 61, and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
The country duly appreciated his enormous contribution to the development of domestic aviation and, especially, to the cause of Victory, awarding him the title of Hero of Socialist Labor and awarding him five Orders of Lenin and four Stalin Prizes. This contribution was expressed not only in specific engines, but also in the creation of an excellent scientific school of engine building (Shvetsov himself became a Doctor of Technical Sciences before the war). His best student P.A. Solovyov (1917 - 1996) is the future corresponding member. USSR Academy of Sciences, laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, Hero of Socialist Labor, became A.D. Shvetsov’s successor as Chief Designer. He also became the founder of gas turbine engine construction in the USSR and the creator of domestic bypass turbojet engines installed on Tu-134, Tu-154, Il-76, Il-86, Il-96, Tu-214, MiG-31 aircraft.
Let's add a few more touches to the portrait of A.D. Shvetsov. With enormous engineering talent and unique ability to work, he was an avid chess player and a great lover of classical music. The Chief Designer devoted his rare hours of free time to visiting concerts and opera performances; he himself played the piano well. He also loved to draw, and if he went out into nature, he always took a sketchbook and paints with him. A talented designer, he was talented in everything.
In January 2017, as part of a photo project "Take a girl to a museum"(details at the end of the post) filming took place in three sessions at the Museum of Aviation and Cosmonautics of the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov. It was not possible to take this museum at once, but it was for the best, it allowed us to expand to the fullest and attract many interesting and amazing people to the team.
The creator of the museum is Galina Olegovna Smagina, an engineer-pilot, ship commander, author of five world records for distance and speed along a closed route, currently a teacher at a technical school. It was thanks to Galina Olegovna and her colleagues that these interesting shootings became possible.
We went to the museum with Nastya Shumilova student at the Faculty of Law of Perm State University. Nastya is a strong-willed girl, an athlete, involved in athletics, she manages to do everything everywhere and it was a pleasure to work with her. But first things first.
When we first got to the museum in Perm there were frosts interspersed with snowfalls. It was on one of these days that I managed to take a photograph of the facade of the technical school with flying snow flakes. The technical school building will be 144 years old this year. 
Entering the spacious hall of the technical school, you immediately understand that this is not a simple building, but one with history. On July 20, 1873, the mayor of Perm, Ivan Ivanovich Lyubimov, submitted to the city duma a proposal to found a real school in Perm and give it the name Alekseevsky. I.I. Lyubimov donated his two-story stone house on Voskresenskaya Square for the school and expressed his readiness to contribute two thousand rubles annually for its maintenance for five years.
On September 12, 1876, the Perm Alekseevsky Real School was inaugurated. 
The Perm Alekseevskoe real school was transformed into a technical school in July 1917, into a polytechnic school in 1920, into a practical institute in 1921, into a polytechnic school again in May 1923, and from March 1925 it was renamed into an industrial technical school, and was administered by People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry (NKTP) of the USSR. By order of the NKTP of the USSR dated March 2, 1935 No. 253, the institution was transferred to the NKAP of the USSR and renamed into an aviation technical school.
In 1953, the Institution was named after Arkady Dmitrievich Shvetsov. Since 1992, the Establishment has been under the jurisdiction of the Russian State Defense Industry Committee (later the Russian Defense Industry Ministry).
Since 1998 until August 21, 2003, the full name of the technical school was Perm Aviation Technical School named after. HELL. Shvetsova. Founder - Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
In addition to the aviation museum, the technical school also has a College History Museum, but more on that another time. And now Nastya and I are climbing the wide stairs to the bas-relief of A.D. Shvetsov 
Our tour of the museum will begin from here.
Arkady Dmitrievich Shvetsov (1892-1953) - Soviet aircraft engine designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences (1940), Lieutenant General of the Aviation Engineering Service (1948). Hero of Socialist Labor (1942). Winner of four Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1948).
Born on January 12 (24), 1892 in the working village of the Nizhne-Serginsky plant (now Nizhnie Sergi, Sverdlovsk region) in the family of a school teacher. In 1909 he graduated from the Alekseevskoe Real School (now the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov, as fate would have it interestingly), and in 1921 - the Imperial Higher Technical School (MVTU named after N.E. Bauman).
During the First World War he worked as a turner at the Dynamo plant in Moscow. Since 1922, he headed the design bureau of the Motor plant.
In 1925-1926, under the leadership of Shvetsov, the 5-cylinder radial aircraft engine M-11 was developed - the first serial air-cooled aircraft engine in the USSR, which was produced until 1940 (in modifications until 1952) and was used on U-2 aircraft (Po -2), AIR-6, UT-2, Yak-18. 
Before we go further, let’s give the floor to Nastya.
- I am a naturally active person. Always for participating in various interesting projects.
When I received an offer to participate in the “Take a Girl to the Museum” project, I agreed without hesitation. I think that young people should go to museums and be interested in history.
Why did I go to the aviation museum?... For me personally, this is something new, unknown, so to speak.
From the bas-relief of A.D. Shvetsov, we go through intricate corridors, passages and audiences to the aviation museum where Galina Olegovna and her colleagues are already waiting for us. There is no time to drink tea, so we begin to examine the unique exhibits in the first hall dedicated to aviation. Right at the entrance, a parachute canopy hangs from the ceiling. Nastya inspects the stowage of the reserve parachute and holds a sling knife in her hands 
Having passed by a display case with models of aircraft from the Second World War, we pay attention to the antenna of the onboard radar ROZ-1 of the Tu-134 aircraft. This particular plane was piloted by Galina Olegovna. 
Helmet donated to the museum by pilots of the 764th IAP (Bolshoye Savino) 
Model airplanes 
Oops, something seems to have fallen off... 
Engine GTD-350 for the Mi-2 helicopter 
Engine power is 294 (394) kW, and weight is 139.5 kg. Two such engines accelerated the Mi-2 helicopter to a speed of 210 km/h and the helicopter could carry 10 passengers and one pilot. 
Navigation instruments: attitude indicator and gyrocompass 
Air pressure receivers and antennas of various aircraft 
Sectional view of the brake wheel of an An-24 aircraft. The complex system of multi-row pads is clearly visible 
Well, this is one of the most interesting exhibits - a mannequin dressed in a high-altitude anti-g suit and sitting in the K-36 ejection seat of a MiG-25 fighter pilot 
Well, how can you not take photos and look at the details. Not every museum has such an exhibit. 
I don’t know why such cylinders are needed on the sides of the ejection seat (limiters?) and what is located in such a massive headrest? Parachute? 
Auxiliary power unit for the AI-85 engine 
Judging by the jacket, this is a helicopter pilot suit 
But this is the costume of a Perm Airlines flight attendant from the 80s of the last century. We will return to it later 
The legendary Swedish "star" is the five-cylinder M-11 engine from Po-2 (U-2). 
Pilot suit for flight in the open cockpit Po-2.
(details at the end of the post) filming took place in three sessions at the Museum of Aviation and Cosmonautics of the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov. It was not possible to take this museum at once, but it was for the best, it allowed us to expand to the fullest and attract many interesting and amazing people to the team.
The creator of the museum is Galina Olegovna Smagina, an engineer-pilot, ship commander, author of five world records for distance and speed along a closed route, currently a teacher at a technical school. It was thanks to Galina Olegovna and her colleagues that these interesting shootings became possible.
We went to the museum with Nastya Shumilova student at the Faculty of Law of Perm State University. Nastya is a strong-willed girl, an athlete, involved in athletics, she manages to do everything everywhere and it was a pleasure to work with her. But first things first.
When we first got to the museum in Perm there were frosts interspersed with snowfalls. It was on one of these days that I managed to take a photograph of the facade of the technical school with flying snow flakes. The technical school building will be 144 years old this year.
Entering the spacious hall of the technical school, you immediately understand that this is not a simple building, but one with history. On July 20, 1873, the mayor of Perm, Ivan Ivanovich Lyubimov, submitted to the city duma a proposal to found a real school in Perm and give it the name Alekseevsky. I.I. Lyubimov donated his two-story stone house on Voskresenskaya Square for the school and expressed his readiness to contribute two thousand rubles annually for its maintenance for five years.
On September 12, 1876, the Perm Alekseevsky Real School was inaugurated.
The Perm Alekseevskoe real school was transformed into a technical school in July 1917, into a polytechnic school in 1920, into a practical institute in 1921, into a polytechnic school again in May 1923, and from March 1925 it was renamed into an industrial technical school, and was administered by People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry (NKTP) of the USSR. By order of the NKTP of the USSR dated March 2, 1935 No. 253, the institution was transferred to the NKAP of the USSR and renamed into an aviation technical school.
In 1953, the Institution was named after Arkady Dmitrievich Shvetsov. Since 1992, the Establishment has been under the jurisdiction of the Russian State Defense Industry Committee (later the Russian Defense Industry Ministry).
Since 1998 until August 21, 2003, the full name of the technical school was Perm Aviation Technical School named after. HELL. Shvetsova. Founder - Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
In addition to the aviation museum, the technical school also has a College History Museum, but more on that another time. And now Nastya and I are climbing the wide stairs to the bas-relief of A.D. Shvetsov
Our tour of the museum will begin from here.
Arkady Dmitrievich Shvetsov (1892-1953) - Soviet aircraft engine designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences (1940), Lieutenant General of the Aviation Engineering Service (1948). Hero of Socialist Labor (1942). Winner of four Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1948).
Born on January 12 (24), 1892 in the working village of the Nizhne-Serginsky plant (now Nizhnie Sergi, Sverdlovsk region) in the family of a school teacher. In 1909 he graduated from the Alekseevskoe Real School (now the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov, as fate would have it interestingly), and in 1921 - the Imperial Higher Technical School (MVTU named after N.E. Bauman).
During the First World War he worked as a turner at the Dynamo plant in Moscow. Since 1922, he headed the design bureau of the Motor plant.
In 1925-1926, under the leadership of Shvetsov, the 5-cylinder radial aircraft engine M-11 was developed - the first serial air-cooled aircraft engine in the USSR, which was produced until 1940 (in modifications until 1952) and was used on U-2 aircraft (Po -2), AIR-6, UT-2, Yak-18.
Before we go further, let’s give the floor to Nastya.
- I am a naturally active person. Always for participating in various interesting projects.
When I received an offer to participate in the “Take a Girl to the Museum” project, I agreed without hesitation. I think that young people should go to museums and be interested in history.
Why did I go to the aviation museum?... For me personally, this is something new, unknown, so to speak.
From the bas-relief of A.D. Shvetsov, we go through intricate corridors, passages and audiences to the aviation museum where Galina Olegovna and her colleagues are already waiting for us. There is no time to drink tea, so we begin to examine the unique exhibits in the first hall dedicated to aviation. Right at the entrance, a parachute canopy hangs from the ceiling. Nastya inspects the stowage of the reserve parachute and holds a sling knife in her hands
Having passed by a display case with models of aircraft from the Second World War, we pay attention to the antenna of the onboard radar ROZ-1 of the Tu-134 aircraft. This particular plane was piloted by Galina Olegovna.
Helmet donated to the museum by pilots of the 764th IAP (Bolshoye Savino)
Model airplanes
Oops, something seems to have fallen off...
Engine GTD-350 for the Mi-2 helicopter
Engine power is 294 (394) kW, and weight is 139.5 kg. Two such engines accelerated the Mi-2 helicopter to a speed of 210 km/h and the helicopter could carry 10 passengers and one pilot.
Navigation instruments: attitude indicator and gyrocompass
Total pressure receivers and antennas of various aircraft
Sectional view of the brake wheel of an An-24 aircraft. The complex system of multi-row pads is clearly visible
Well, this is one of the most interesting exhibits - a mannequin dressed in a high-altitude anti-g suit and sitting in the K-36 ejection seat of a MiG-25 fighter pilot
Well, how can you not take photos and look at the details. Not every museum has such an exhibit.
I don’t know why such cylinders are needed on the sides of the ejection seat (limiters?) and what is located in such a massive headrest? Parachute?
Auxiliary power unit for the AI-85 engine
Judging by the jacket, this is a helicopter pilot suit
But this is the costume of a Perm Airlines flight attendant from the 80s of the last century. We will return to it later
The legendary Swedish "star" is the five-cylinder M-11 engine from Po-2 (U-2).
Pilot suit for flight in the open cockpit Po-2.
In order not to waste the several years that you devote to studying, it is important to choose not only a good specialty, but also an educational institution known for its professional teaching staff, traditions, and good reputation.
If you want to get a high-quality technical education, pay attention to the Perm Aviation College named after Shvetsov, which has more than a century of history. In 1876, Count Tolstoy opened a school, on the basis of which in 1935 an educational institution was created that trained technicians for the aviation and mechanical engineering industries. Its goal was to provide qualified personnel to enterprises in the Urals. The building was donated by the city mayor I. I. Lyubimov.
Marshal of the USSR B. M. Shaposhnikov, General Krisanov N. V., the famous pilot Galina Smagina, the general designer of aviation, after whom the educational institution is named, once studied here.
Perm Aviation College named after. A.D. Shvetsova invites you to obtain in-demand specialties in the production of aircraft engines and aircraft instruments, to study mechanical engineering technology, computer systems and robotics. Future work is related to the most interesting areas of science and technology in the field of astronautics and aircraft construction. There are also several humanities departments; it is possible to study by correspondence.
On the basis of 9 classes, a paid training system is offered, the duration of training is almost four years without two months.
Advantages
Students of the Perm Aviation College named after. A.D. Shvetsova will receive knowledge and skills that will allow them to work at the best enterprises in the country and abroad.
During training, students undergo practical training, based on the results of which they are assigned work ranks in the specialties of fitter, turner, and foundry worker.
With good academic performance, students of the Perm Aviation College named after. A. D. Shvetsova is awarded a scholarship. They take part in scientific life and make presentations at conferences. During your studies, coursework is defended, and upon completion, a thesis is defended.
According to student reviews, they are provided with an interesting life: theater clubs, KVN groups, volleyball, football, weightlifting classes, and modeling championships are held.
Opened in which genuine parts and components of airplanes and helicopters, samples of pilot uniforms, and parachutes are presented.
Those who want to be admitted to the Perm Aviation College named after. A.D. Shvetsova, can undergo preliminary training.
The educational institution is located in the center of Perm, close to a good transport interchange, you can quickly get there from any area of the city. Occupies a large territory and several buildings. Equipped with computer classes, technology laboratories, stands. Perm Aviation College named after. A.D. Shvetsova offers non-resident students accommodation in a dormitory, which needs to be reached in 10-15 minutes by public transport.
What should I do?
Documents are accepted from June 15 to August 18, student enrollment is based on a certificate competition, there is no need to take exams, just bring certified copies of your passport, educational document, 4 3 X 4 photographs.
Traditions, a responsible attitude to the learning process, constant professional development of teachers, and an updated technical base make it possible to provide deep knowledge and produce qualified specialists who can find interesting work with high pay.
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