The hydraulic punch press allows bending of thick-walled sheets, strips and bars. The range of works can be expanded by purchasing additional equipment. This will allow cutting ventilation louvers, punching holes of various diameters, processing pipe edges and forming metal blanks with high precision.

Hydraulic punch presses help

• significantly increase the volume of production,
• do enough complex work with metal,
• do not stop manufacturing process when moving from the production of one workpiece to another.

Sahinler Hydraulic Punch Press: Description

1. In models HPM 65, 85, 115 and 175, the figure indicates the force that is applied during the production of one part. The thickness of the punched material depends on the value of this indicator.
2. The HPM 65, 85 and 115 DP have two independent work tables.
3. HPM 65, 85, 115, 175 CNC are optimally suited for punching holes in a precisely marked position on sheet metal in X and Y coordinates.

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Punching holes. Punching press.

Punch and die.

When punching holes, the role of the upper movable knife is played by the punch (stamp), and the lower, fixed knife is played by the matrix (stamp). The hole formation process and the working parts of the punching device are shown in Fig. one.

The end of the punch entering the die and the hole in the die have the shape of a truncated cone with its apex upward. The cutting edges of the punch and matrix have angles of 99 ° and a bevel angle of 1 °. With this punch shape, friction is reduced as it passes through the metal to be pierced. With the conical shape of the die hole, the extruded metal easily falls out of the die hole.

Fig. 1. Metal punching:

1 - punch; 2 - matrix.

Punches and dies are made from tool carbon steel and are made interchangeable, that is, they are manufactured according to certain standards.

To punch a hole, the sheet is laid so that the core but ... delivered on the sheet when basting, fell exactly under the taper of the punch. Then a punch is turned on, which, by pressing on the sheet between the cutting edge in the matrix and the cutting edge b punch, cleaves metal.

Lever and screw bear.

The holes are pushed manually on lever presses and bears. Two types of bears are used: lever and screw. The screw bear (Fig. 2, a) looks like a steel bracket, it can be forged or cast. There is a fixed die at the lower end of the staple, and a screw with a punch passes through its upper end. The sheet is placed between the die and the punch so that the punch tip enters the recess marked by the core. Then rotate the screw 1 handle 2 ... The punch cuts into the metal and pierces the hole. The work requires a lot of effort, so bears are used to pierce holes of small diameters and in sheets of small thickness.

Fig. 2. Medvedka:

a - screw; 1 - screw; 2 - handle; 3 - bracket (body); 4 - sheet; 5 - punch; 6 - matrix;

b - lever; 1 - screw; 2 - lever; 3 - bracket (body).

The lever bear is more perfect (Fig. 2, b). Medvedka has a screw 1 with left and right cut. The lower screw nut is connected by a lever to the punch. As the screw rotates, the lever moves and the punch cuts into the metal, creating a hole.

Medvedki are unproductive and are not used for mass production. Usually bears are used for repair work for punching a small number of holes.

Manual punching press. Manual lever press.

Manual punching and lever presses also work according to the principle of action of a bear. When punching holes in thin sheets, hand-held punch and lever presses can be compared to driven presses in performance and economy.

Punching presses. Designs and principle of operation.

The driven punching presses for hole punching used in repair shops are made of welded, welded cast iron or steel cast beds. Most often they are made in double, because they are thus more compact and take up less space. A table made of steel sheets is installed in front of the punching presses, they serve as supports for the sheets being processed. The punching tables consist of a trestle with rollers. The rollers have slots for the vertical corner shelf. Punch presses are most often made with a belt drive from an electric motor and less often hydraulic.

In addition to punching presses in repair shops, automatic punching presses are used to punch holes.

For punching holes, each sheet is pre-marked or outlined. On automatic punching presses, the sheet is divided into the required number of equal parts automatically. In this case, the straightened sheet is attached to a table that moves along the machine. The machine table can be stopped at any point by a circuit breaker, which is driven by an electric drive.

To obtain the required number of divisions, only four corner points (on which cores are placed) and center lines are applied to the sheet. The sheet is first installed with one corner core against the pointer associated with the indexing device, and is moved by the machine support to another corner point on the same center line, automatically determining the distance between them. Then the caliper returns to its original position, the divider is set to a certain number of divisions according to the number of holes required, and the machine pierces the holes.

The rest of the holes on the sheet are pierced in the same way.

Large holes (for manholes, nozzles, etc.) in the middle of the sheet are formed by gouging. To reduce the subsequent processing of the edge of the hole, the punch is given a rectangular section with rounded corners.

The edges of the hole, processed with such a punch, have the correct shape without protrusions, do not require undercutting with a chisel, but are only filed with a file.

Fig. 3. Tool for cutting holes for flame tubes.

IN recent times large holes are produced by flame cutting. Pipe holes, the walls of which must have a smooth surface, are drilled using a special tool (Fig. 3.).

Stamping, for which a metal press is used, is one of the most common technological operations for processing this material. The essence of this procedure is to give a workpiece made of metal the required shape, for which plastic deformation is applied, extruding a certain relief, patterns or punching holes. Presses for metal processing, depending on the list of tasks for which they are designed, differ from each other both in their technical parameters and in design.

Types of stamping technological operations and equipment

Stamping as a method of processing metal blanks is:

• hot;
• cold.

The first implies that the metal is processed in a heated state. The big advantage of hot stamping is that when it is performed, the characteristics of the workpiece being processed are improved (in particular, the metal structure becomes denser and more uniform). Meanwhile, a layer of scale is not created on the surface of metal blanks processed by the technology, while the dimensions of the finished products are more accurate, and their surface is smoother.

According to the type of workpiece being stamped, such a technological operation can be sheet or volumetric. Stamping of the first type is used for processing sheet metal blanks; this technology is used to produce:

1. dishes;
2. jewelry;
3. weapon;
4. medical equipment and instruments;
5. parts of watches, household, climatic equipment and electrical equipment;
6. parts for a complete set of automotive equipment;
7. parts of machine tools and other engineering products.

Finished metal products obtained using the technology do not need further refinement. The formation of their geometric parameters when performing forging occurs in special shapes, in which hot or cold metal is pushed.

The press machine is usually used for:

• production of metal blanks by forging;
• pressing and pressing of shafts, bearings and gears;
• performing stamping of sheet and volumetric type.

According to the principle of operation, pressing machines can be of the mechanical or hydraulic type, perform metal processing by static or shock methods.

Mechanical pressing equipment in terms of its design can be:

• eccentric;
• crank.

Cranking machines are used for both cold and hot. This stamping equipment is also used to perform such technological operations as drawing, punching and cutting. The hydraulic press is used for stamping and forging technological operations with bulk metal blanks.

According to their functionality, pressing machines are divided into the following types:

• universal;
• special;
• specialized.

The universal pressing machine has the widest functionality; such equipment can be used to perform almost any forging operation. Specialized dies or presses are used to realize one technological process... Special presses, which are used for stamping products of the same type, have minimal functionality, while their work is based on one technology.

Design and principle of operation of pressing equipment

The design of any equipment for stamping consists of the following elements:

1. drive motor;
2. motion transmission mechanism;
3. actuating mechanism.

Depending on how the drive motor of the press is connected to its actuator, machines with communication are distinguished:

1. mechanical;
2. non-mechanical, carried out by liquid, gas or steam.

Traverses, slider, rolls, rollers and broads can act as an actuating mechanism with which the equipment for stamping is equipped.

Crank-type presses

The main structural element of these presses is the crank mechanism, which converts the rotational movement received by it from the drive into the reciprocating movement of the slider. The actuating mechanism, which is equipped with a stamping press of this type, is connected directly with the slider, capable of developing a force of up to 100 tons. The movement of the slider in such presses is carried out at the same frequency.

Crank-type presses can be of simple type, double or triple action. Using such machines, you can perform the following technological operations:

• stamping using open and closed dies;
• sheet metal cutting;
• firmware;
• forming a finished product by extrusion;
• combined processing.

In cases where more powerful equipment is required to form a finished product from a metal blank, hydraulic machines are used.

Hydraulic presses

Using a hydraulic press, both larger and thicker-walled metal parts can be pressed. Such equipment for sheet stamping, forging, forging, bending and other technological operations, depending on the specific model, can develop forces from 150 to 2000 tons and even more.

The main structural elements that any one is equipped with are two cylinders of different diameters, which are filled with working fluid and communicate with each other. In each of these hydraulic cylinders, a piston is installed that creates pressure of the working fluid or moves under its influence. It is the movement of the pistons in the hydraulic cylinders that ensures the movement of the equipment actuator. The amount of force that such a stamping press can create is determined by the difference in diameters of its hydraulic cylinders.

Radial Forging Presses

A radial forging machine is a molding press that transforms preheated metal ingots into finished products of a cylindrical configuration. The design of this type of presses consists of:

• an induction furnace in which the workpiece is preheated;
• conveyor for supplying the workpiece to the processing area;
• gripping mechanisms, with the help of which the processed metal part, constantly rotating, passes through the forging zone;
• a worm gear connected to an electric motor and responsible for the operation of the gripping mechanisms;
• four shafts with eccentric axle boxes transmitting the movement to the connecting rod with a striker, between which the slider is fixed (the shafts themselves, by means of a V-belt transmission, receive rotation from the drive motor);
• copy drums, which are responsible for the synchronous convergence of the strikers and the subsequent movement of the workpiece;
• a spring clutch that provides braking of the part at the time of its processing by strikers.

Radial forging machine is used to produce square or round forgings close to the profile of finished products.

Hydraulic punch press is an indispensable tool for punching holes in metal (sheet, angle, channel, etc.). The punching press is a C-shaped bed with a hydraulic cylinder of a straight vertical stroke, due to which punching is performed with the maximum quality and resource of the tool. The PM series machines are designed for punching holes in metal from 2mm to 35mm thick. Punching presses can be equipped with systems for automatic feeding and positioning of the workpiece (sheet, angle, channel).

Punching presses PM suggest manual positioning of the workpiece by the operator. To facilitate positioning of the sheet and other assortments, the press includes a small support table with a ruler and stops. For more accurate positioning of the workpiece, punch presses are supplemented with an inexpensive laser indication of the punching center, and for productive periodic hole punching - with an extended table with adjustable stops, or a CNC-controlled feeding table.

The Distinctive Feature of Hydraulic Punching Press PM series are:

• The highest quality hole punching (evenness of the hole edges and minimal deformation), while ensuring the maximum tool life (punch and matrix).
• Fast Reverse Hydraulic Cylinder - Significantly reduces the waiting time when the punch moves up.
• Convenience of tool setting and work. All punch presses from Sunrise have a low pressure mode, that is, when adjusting (replacing) the punch / die, to check the gaps, the hydraulic cylinder with the installed punch is lowered with the minimum possible pressure and speed, thus, if the tool is incorrectly installed, it will not break ...
• The ability to use a special tool to perform operations: cutting a corner, strip, bar, cutting grooves.

Sunrise Hydraulic Punch Press -this is a truly impeccable quality of equipment. Sunrise is one of the three largest global manufacturers of shear presses, punch presses and automation systems, with an annual production of about 2,000 machines. You can read more about Sunrise and its advantages over other competing companies in the "ABOUT COMPANY" section.

Punching operations PM using a standard or optional tool:

	Hole punching in sheet and strip.		Leaf cutting and stripes.		Corner felling (straight)		Rectangular cutting a groove.
	Hole punching in the corner and channel.		Sheet bending and stripes.		Bar chopping (straight)		Triangular cutting a groove.
	Hole punching in the pipe.		Corner bending.		Channel cabin (straight)

Explanation of the abbreviation in the name of the hydraulic punch press PM:

• PM= "PunchMachine", that is, a punching machine.
• 55 (number) - force of the punching cylinder (tons).
• T (LT / XT)- the depth of the throat of the bed (the distance from the punching punch to the bed). "T" = 310mm, "LT" = 510mm, "XT" = 760mm.
• Example: the PM-80LT model means a punch press with a force of 80 tons and a throat depth of 510mm.

Hydraulic Punching Press PM-35T (LT / XT)- the most popular for comfortable work with sheets up to 10-12mm, as well as a wide range of assortments (corner, channel, etc.). With a compact design and a fast hydraulic cylinder stroke, the PM-35 is ideal for versatile applications in any industry.

Hydraulic Punching Press PM-55T (LT / XT)- excellent combination of medium power, high speed and compact design. In addition to hole punching, punch presses allow sheet / angle bending, groove punching and assortment cutting using additional equipment.

Hydraulic Punching Press PM-80T (LT / XT)- productive machines of medium power, with a compact design. They work comfortably with workpiece thickness up to 20mm. Often equipped with a CNC feeding table for automatic movement of sheet blanks according to the program. Suitable for a wide range of industrial applications.

PM-120LT / XT Hydraulic Punching Press- powerful machines with a deep jaw of the bed. They work comfortably with workpiece thickness up to 20 - 25mm. To move heavy sheets, they are often equipped with a CNC controlled feeding table. Popular in the manufacture of metal structures.