UNIVERSAL DEEP-WATER HOMING TORPEDO “FIZIK”
30.06.2016
All new ships and submarines By 2017, the Russian Navy will be completely re-equipped with new Fizik-type torpedoes, the range of which is 2.5 times greater than the USET-80 currently in service with the fleet, a high-ranking military source told RIA Novosti on Wednesday.
Currently, the Russian Navy is armed with USET-80 torpedoes with a firing range of 18 kilometers.
“The Russian Navy has begun rearmament with new 533-millimeter torpedoes “Fizik-1” with an increased target engagement range of up to 50 kilometers,” the agency’s interlocutor said.
According to him, with the same dimensions, the torpedo has a longer range, a more powerful warhead and an advanced homing system.
According to data from open sources, the length of the new torpedo is 7.2 meters, weight is 2200 kilograms with a warhead mass of 300 kilograms. The engine uses specially developed fuel instead of oxygen and water.
RIA Novosti
28.10.2016
The new universal torpedo “Physicist” will be able to hit enemy ships and submarines at a distance of up to 50 kilometers.
The Fizik universal deep-sea homing torpedo has already been put into service; its characteristics are considered unique in the navy. The starting powder charge installed in the combustion chamber allows you to almost instantly increase engine power to maximum. The torpedo is propelled by a low-noise water cannon.
The warhead of the projectile contains up to 300 kilograms of explosive. Guidance is performed by an active-passive sonar system, which recognizes the wake at a distance of up to one and a half kilometers. There is also a system for remote control of a torpedo from the ship up to 30 kilometers using a cable.
Home distinctive feature"Physics" its modular design. On its basis, a whole family of torpedoes with different characteristics can be created, which can be easily configured for a particular combat situation.
https://riafan.ru/
UNIVERSAL DEEP-WATER HOMING TORPEDO “FISIK”
The development of “Physics” has been carried out at the Leningrad Research Institute “Morteplotekhnika” since 1986. As part of it, a sample of a new thermal (steam-gas) long-range torpedo UGST (universal deep-sea homing torpedo) was created.
The UGST torpedo was first demonstrated in 2003 at maritime salon IMDS-2003 in St. Petersburg.
The 533-mm UGST torpedo is equipped with a warhead weighing 300 kilograms and is designed to destroy enemy ships and submarines at a range of up to 50 kilometers. The torpedo is equipped with a combined acoustic homing system, and remote control is also possible (from on board the submarine).
The UGST power plant was built on the basis of an axial piston engine running on proven liquid single-component fuel. The rotating combustion chamber is a feature of the engine. Fuel is supplied by a high-pressure plunger pump.
The starting powder charge, placed in the combustion chamber, allows you to increase the power of the propulsion system in a short time. This is especially important at the initial stage of the torpedo's progress. The torpedo is propelled by a unique low-noise water jet connected directly to the engine.
The basis of the architecture of the UGST hardware module is the initiation of a single reprogrammable computing core on board, which combines the information parts of the onboard torpedo systems into a single information space of integrated control systems.
UGST structurally includes:
- hardware module;
- charging fighting compartment;
- a tank compartment with a compartment for remote control equipment;
- propulsion system (power compartment);
- the tail compartment, in which the steering devices are located;
- remote control coil and air propulsion engine.
There are two modifications of the UGST torpedo:
– for Russian torpedo tubes, torpedo length 7.2 meters;
– export version for NATO torpedo tubes, torpedo length 6.1 meters.
Serial production of UGST torpedoes as of 2008 was carried out at the Dagdizel plant (Kaspiysk, Dagestan).
The Physicist torpedo is designed to destroy surface ships and submarines (universal). The APD engine developed by the Morteplotekhnika Research Institute was tested in 1995.
On March 21, 2012, an open tender was published on the government procurement website for the maintenance of Fizik-1 torpedoes / product 2534 during testing of the Severodvinsk SSGN pr.885. According to the terms of the tender, it is expected to complete testing of torpedoes from a submarine by November 25, 2012. Apparently, during the test it is planned to use 6-7 UGST / “Physicist-1” torpedoes, incl. 2 torpedoes modified under the extended testing program. Work with torpedoes was planned by the State Defense Order for 2012. The starting price of the contract is maintenance and preparation of torpedoes - 96 million rubles.
The Russian Navy has adopted a new deep-sea homing torpedo, the Fizik, with a maximum firing range of 50 kilometers, a source in the Ministry of Defense reported in April 2015. “At the end of last year, after the successful completion of state tests, the new deep-sea thermal homing torpedo “Physicist” was put into service. This torpedo will primarily be armed with all submarines of projects 955 [Borey], 885 [Yasen] and their modifications, and as production increases, other Navy submarines will also be re-equipped with them,” the source noted. He added that serial production of the torpedo has already begun. The source also explained that the Physicist will replace the old USET-80 torpedo with a range of 18 kilometers, which was put into service back in Soviet times, in the 1980s. “The USET-80 torpedo was previously received by the most modern nuclear submarines transferred to the fleet in lately, in particular the first “Borey” - “Yuri Dolgoruky” and the first “Ash” - “Severodvinsk”. Now they will get rid of it,” the interlocutor emphasized.
CHARACTERISTICS OF UGST:
Caliber - 534.4 mm
Length - 7200 mm
Weight – 2200 kg
Warhead weight – 300 kg
Speed - 50 knots
Firing range - 40 km
Depth - up to 500 m
Firing depth from a submarine - up to 400 m
SSN response radius:
- by submarine up to 2.5 km
- by surface ship up to 1.2 km
Sources: TASS, Lenta.ru, militaryrussia.ru, armyman.info, etc.
The Russian defense industry continues to implement new projects in the field of mine and torpedo weapons. Not long ago it became known that new results had been obtained in this area: based on the results of all the necessary tests, a promising torpedo, known under the code “Case,” was accepted for service. However, some facts indicated in recent reports on this matter may be a reason for optimism.
The “Case” product is the newest known domestic development in the field of torpedo weapons. According to available data, the purpose of this project was to further improve the existing UGST Fizik torpedo, which was put into service several years ago. In particular, in connection with this new project also called “Physicist-2”. Work on the new project started in the recent past and over time led to real results in the form of readiness for adoption.
In March of this year, RIA Novosti, citing unnamed sources in the military-industrial complex, wrote about the current successes of the Futlyar project. It was then indicated that the new torpedo had already been tested by that time. In addition, some of the necessary checks have already been successfully completed. Also, an unnamed source revealed further plans of industry and the Ministry of Defense. Thus, in the foreseeable future, the Fizik-2 / Futlyar torpedo was planned to be put into service. The corresponding order was supposed to appear in 2018.
Torpedo UGST "Physicist"
A few months later, on July 12, Izvestia published new reports on the progress of the promising project. From the published data it follows that by now the industry has managed to complete all the required work. The designer of torpedo weapons at the Research Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering, which carried out the development of the new project, Alexander Grigoriev, told Izvestia that the UGST Fizik-2 torpedo has already been put into service navy Russia. Also, a participant in the creation of the torpedo noted that in the future this product will have to replace all analogues of existing types in service, equipped with electric power plants.
Recent reports about the acceptance of the Futlyar torpedo into service suggest that the tests were completed ahead of schedule - several months ahead of schedule. As a result, no later than mid-2017, the product was put into service, although previously these events were attributed to the next 2018. Thus, serial products can enter naval arsenals with a certain advance of existing schedules.
It is known that the new product “Futlyar” is a modernized version of the older UGST “Fizik” torpedo. Let us recall that development work with the “Physicist” code started in the mid-eighties; its goal was to create a promising deep-sea homing thermal torpedo. The Research Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering was appointed the lead developer, which was supposed to be assisted by several other organizations. Experimental UGST products entered testing in the mid-nineties, and at the beginning of the next decade the torpedo was put into service. During this period, the first public demonstration of the new weapon took place, the platform for which was the International Naval Show in St. Petersburg.
Several years ago, the development institute began creating a modernized version of the existing Physics. A new torpedo based on the existing one received the working designation “Physicist-2”. In addition, the alternative name "Case" soon appeared. Currently, both designations are used in parallel and do not cause any confusion.
Until a certain time, detailed information about the Fizik-2 / Futlyar torpedo was not available. Only a few months ago some technical data were published. In addition, some press publications devoted to the development of torpedo weapons revealed certain details of the new project. For obvious reasons, the most frequently mentioned differences from existing weapons of the base model, as well as the advantages obtained within the framework of the new project. All the data published to date allows us to create a fairly detailed picture, in which, however, some “blank spots” still remain.
Like all modern domestic torpedoes, the Futlyar UGST has a cylindrical body of high aspect ratio with a cut-off hemispherical head fairing and a conical tail section that serves as the basis for the propulsion and steering system. The total length of the product, according to available data, is 7.2 m, caliber - 533 mm. Weight of combat-ready torpedo – 2.2 t.
In terms of its layout, the torpedo probably repeats the design of the basic “Physicist”. Let us recall that the first version of the UGST had a head compartment with homing equipment, behind which the charging and reservoir compartments were located in series. The tail compartment was given over to the installation of the engine and actuators of the control system. Apparently, in the new project, this torpedo architecture was not changed or modified.
According to published data, the Futlyar torpedo is equipped with an axial piston engine internal combustion using single-component fuel. The type of engine and its main characteristics have not yet been announced. It is known that the basic “Physicist” had a 350 kW (469 hp) engine, which used a rotating combustion chamber. Fuel was supplied by a high-pressure pump. Tanks for transporting fuel were located in the central part of the hull. It was proposed to start the engine using a starting powder charge.
The engine shaft passes through the tail section of the hull and is brought out, where it is connected to the water-jet propulsion unit. The impeller of the latter is placed inside the annular channel, which increases productivity while simultaneously reducing noise. The rudders are located next to the annular channel of the water cannon. A curious feature of the projects of the UGST “Physicist” family is the use of controllable surfaces that unfold after exiting the torpedo tube. For greater efficiency, the rudders have a box-like design with a pair of large planes and a small jumper between them, leading into the flow. This design increases the efficiency of the rudders and simplifies control to a certain extent.
It is known that the Physicist-2 product has homing means, but the type of such a system was not specified. At the same time, there is certain information about the control systems of the previous UGST torpedo. According to available data, within the framework of the Physicist research and development project, domestic enterprises defense industry two variants of active-passive homing systems were created, with certain differences.
Together with homing, telecontrol from the corresponding console of the carrier submarine can be used. To transmit commands to the onboard systems of the torpedo, a cable placed on two coils is used. One of them is equipped with 25 km of wire and is located inside the torpedo, and the towed one with 5 km of cable is placed in the transport position near the water-jet propulsion unit. The third coil can be installed on board the carrier. With the help of a cable and remote control, a torpedo can be launched into a given area of the intended location of the target, after which the search and guidance are entrusted to automatic systems.
The Physics homing system has a flat nose receiving-emitting antenna, which includes large number individual elements. The torpedo is capable of finding both the targets themselves and their wake. Automation detects surface ships at distances of up to 1.2 km, submarines - up to 2.5 km. Wake indication time – 350 s. The warhead is detonated using a proximity fuse. It works at distances up to several meters from the target.
Behind the head compartment in the body of the Futlyar torpedo there is a combat charging compartment. The new family of torpedoes carry a similar charge in the form of 300 kg of explosive. The power of such a fighting compartment is sufficient to inflict the most serious damage. surface ships and enemy submarines. It is likely that practical products can be produced simultaneously with combat torpedoes carrying a powerful explosive charge. In this case, the charging compartment must be filled with ballast of the required mass.
According to domestic press reports, the UGST “Fizik-2” / “Case” torpedo is capable of reaching speeds of up to 50 knots (more than 90 km/h) and moving at depths of up to 400 m. The firing range is up to 50 km. It has been repeatedly noted in various publications that the promising product is superior in range to existing domestic and foreign torpedoes. This feature of the new weapon significantly increases the likelihood of successful timely destruction of a target with minimal risk to its carrier.
According to previously published data, the new Futlyar torpedo is primarily intended to arm modern nuclear submarines of the latest designs. Thus, multi-purpose and strategic cruisers may become the first carriers of these weapons. At the same time, it cannot be ruled out that in the future such torpedoes will be included in the ammunition load of other domestic submarines built according to older designs.
Production of “Cases” should be launched at the Dagdizel plant in Kaspiysk. According to available data, this enterprise is currently producing UGST “Physicist” products, and in the near future it will master the mass assembly of its modernized version. According to some reports, the launch of mass production of Fizik-2 torpedoes will lead to a stop in the production of base model products. Apparently, such a replacement will not lead to technological or operational difficulties, but will at the same time make it possible to increase the potential of the submarine forces to a certain extent.
The development of a new version of a homing thermal torpedo to replace existing Fizik products started just a few years ago. By now, torpedo builders have managed to complete the design and conduct the necessary tests. According to reports this spring, the checks were successful and allowed for optimistic assessments. At the same time, however, anonymous sources of domestic funds mass media They mentioned rather modest plans: the new torpedo was supposed to enter service only next year.
Just a few months after this, one of the authors of the new project said that the Physicist-2 torpedo had already been adopted by the Russian Navy. Whether mass production has begun has not yet been clarified. Other aspects of the new project are also not disclosed. At the same time, there have been reports that the new torpedo will replace the base model in production.
The development of domestic mine and torpedo weapons continues and is yielding certain results. In just a few years, an updated and improved version of the existing UGST “Physicist” product was created, featuring a number of advantages. This torpedo was put into service not long ago, and in the near future it should enter the arsenals of the navy and be included in the ammunition load of the newest nuclear submarines.
The day before it became known that the Russian Navy is testing a new deep-sea torpedo “Futlyar”, which will replace the universal deep-sea homing torpedo “Fizik”, which has been put into service. Such tests are conducted in the strictest secrecy. The editors of the website of the Zvezda TV channel piece by piece collected information about Russia’s newest underwater weapons. TASS reported on June 22, citing a source in military industry. Such news cannot but rejoice, since they indicate that underwater weapons are developing in parallel with their carriers - submarines. The development of the previous version of the universal deep-sea homing torpedo began in 1986 at the Morteplotekhnika Research Institute (St. Petersburg ), the engine was tested in 1995, and it was put into service in 2002. The new version of the deep-sea torpedo is planned to be put into service much faster - already this year, and mass production of this weapon may begin in 2017. The evolution of underwater weapons According to an agency source, the new Futlyar torpedo will be the next version of the Fizik torpedo, which means it will have similar characteristics. In particular, experts believe that the 533 mm caliber and some other characteristics will remain the same. “This is a range of 50 km, a speed of over 50 knots, a depth of up to 400 m, that is, within the depths where modern 3-4 generation submarines operate today . We can say that the “Case” torpedo, which is now being developed, is not of a revolutionary, but of an evolutionary type,” military observer of the Naval portal flot.com Sergei Sochevanov told the website of the Zvezda TV channel. He noted that this is considered a good sign and says that the country has funds for the gradual development of naval weapons. “Currently, sufficient funds are allocated for the army to ensure the systematic development of all types of weapons. We recently adopted the “Physicist” torpedo, which in turn replaced Soviet torpedoes. Accordingly, having adopted the tested Fizik torpedo, we begin to work on a new torpedo with more quality characteristics homing heads,” the expert noted. 
At the same time, he noted that there is no confirmation yet in which direction the developers of the “Case” torpedo are working, but it can be assumed that innovation will concern, first of all, the head of the torpedo. It will receive an improved homing system with an increased target acquisition range, as well as more modern system detuning from interference and enemy missile defenses. Anti-torpedoes One of the most important areas in which naval weapons are developing today is the creation of anti-torpedoes, Sochevanov believes. Today, not a single warship in the world can “escape” from a torpedo traveling at a speed of 50-65 knots. Therefore, launching anti-torpedoes is today the only way to repel an enemy torpedo attack. Perhaps it is this aspect of the issue that is being paid attention during the testing of the new “Case”. “Torpedoes that are intended for attack must have a certain system of protection against countermeasures in order to break through the enemy’s defense,” the expert believes. Information about such developments is classified, but it is possible It’s safe to say that such work is being carried out. “We can say that the Fizik torpedo that has been put into service is quite competitive. The fact that it has been accepted into the fleet means that the product meets all the characteristics. After all, it has been broken in for so many years,” notes Sochevanov. 
Secrecy is paramount It is worth noting that Russia, as a country with powerful fleet, has always been at the forefront in the development of torpedo weapons. Sometimes she was even ahead of her time. Thus, in June 2003, at the IMDS-2003 maritime show in St. Petersburg, Russia for the first time publicly showed a universal deep-sea homing torpedo. But on the second day of the exhibition, the torpedo was covered with carpet from public view. This kind of development has always been the object of close attention of foreign naval experts. That is why it is worth saying a few words about the place that was chosen for testing Russian missiles. They pass on 954th testing base anti-submarine weapons"Koy-Sary" of the Russian Navy on Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. This place is considered ideal for such tests - the location of the test site in the waters of a closed inland body of water excludes the possibility of monitoring the tests and intercepting the tested samples by ships of third countries. In addition, according to the agreement between Russia and Kyrgyzstan dated July 5, 1993, the base was recognized as Russian property.
The base also includes the Russian-Kyrgyz joint venture Ozero, which is developing new and testing serial torpedo weapons. According to Sochevanov, the test site at Issyk-Kul is also ideal because of the lake’s water, which is close in composition to sea water– where torpedoes are used.
“Russia had a training ground in Feodosia in Crimea, but it is not in use yet. There is also a testing ground on Lake Ladoga, but it is not suitable for all types of weapons, since the lake contains fresh water, while testing naval torpedoes requires salt water. In Lake Issyk-Kul, the composition of the water is closer to sea water,” the expert noted. Torpedo carriers According to the source, the Futlyar torpedoes, developed by the St. Petersburg Research Institute Morteplotekhnika and manufactured at the Caspian plant Dagdizel, will be installed primarily on new nuclear submarines of projects 955 Borey and 885M Yasen. According to Sochevanov, the development of torpedo weapons closely related to the development of submarines and in particular with one of the most important characteristics– stealth. The expert gave an example of the Shkval torpedo, unique for its time. It was put into service in 1977 and reached a speed of 500 km per hour near the surface of the water. The torpedo could carry a nuclear warhead. However, with all its advantages, it had two serious disadvantages - due to high speed it made a lot of noise and the torpedo's launch range was only 12 km. Both of these qualities gave away the location of the submarine, which meant that the crew had to wait for a response launch. 
Now that the stealth of submarines is coming to the fore, there is a need for new torpedoes capable of traveling a distance of 50 km and hitting a target.
The Russian defense industry continues to implement new projects in the field of mine and torpedo weapons. Not long ago it became known that new results had been obtained in this area: based on the results of all the necessary tests, a promising torpedo, known under the code “Case,” was accepted for service. However, some facts indicated in recent reports on this matter may be a reason for optimism.
The “Case” product is the newest known domestic development in the field of torpedo weapons. According to available data, the purpose of this project was to further improve the existing UGST Fizik torpedo, which was put into service several years ago. In particular, in connection with this, the new project also bears the name “Physicist-2”. Work on the new project started in the recent past and over time led to real results in the form of readiness for adoption.
In March of this year, RIA “,” with reference to unnamed sources in the military-industrial complex, wrote about the current successes of the “Case” project. It was then indicated that the new torpedo had already been tested by that time. In addition, some of the necessary checks have already been successfully completed. Also, an unnamed source revealed further plans of industry and the Ministry of Defense. Thus, in the foreseeable future, the Fizik-2 / Futlyar torpedo was planned to be put into service. The corresponding order was supposed to appear in 2018.
Torpedo UGST "Physicist"
A few months later, on July 12, Izvestia published new reports on the progress of the promising project. From the published data it follows that by now the industry has managed to complete all the required work. The designer of torpedo weapons at the Research Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering, which carried out the development of the new project, Alexander Grigoriev, told Izvestia that the UGST “Fizik-2” torpedo has already been adopted by the Russian Navy. Also, a participant in the creation of the torpedo noted that in the future this product will have to replace all analogues of existing types in service, equipped with electric power plants.
Recent reports about the acceptance of the Futlyar torpedo into service suggest that the tests were completed ahead of schedule - several months ahead of schedule. As a result, no later than mid-2017, the product was put into service, although previously these events were attributed to the next 2018. Thus, serial products can enter naval arsenals with a certain advance of existing schedules.
It is known that the new product “Futlyar” is a modernized version of the older UGST “Fizik” torpedo. Let us recall that development work with the “Physicist” code started in the mid-eighties; its goal was to create a promising deep-sea homing thermal torpedo. The Research Institute of Marine Thermal Engineering was appointed the lead developer, which was supposed to be assisted by several other organizations. Experimental UGST products entered testing in the mid-nineties, and at the beginning of the next decade the torpedo was put into service. During this period, the first public demonstration of the new aircraft took place, the platform for which was the International Naval Show in St. Petersburg.
Several years ago, the development institute began creating a modernized version of the existing Physics. A new torpedo based on the existing one received the working designation “Physicist-2”. In addition, the alternative name "Case" soon appeared. Currently, both designations are used in parallel and do not cause any confusion.
Until a certain time, detailed information about the Fizik-2 / Futlyar torpedo was not available. Only a few months ago some technical data were published. In addition, some press publications devoted to the development of torpedo weapons revealed certain details of the new project. For obvious reasons, the most frequently mentioned differences from existing weapons of the base model, as well as the advantages obtained within the framework of the new project. All the data published to date allows us to create a fairly detailed picture, in which, however, some “blank spots” still remain.
Like all modern domestic torpedoes, the Futlyar UGST has a cylindrical body of high aspect ratio with a cut-off hemispherical head fairing and a conical tail section that serves as the basis for the propulsion and steering system. The total length of the product, according to available data, is 7.2 m, caliber - 533 mm. The mass of the combat-ready torpedo is 2.2 tons.
In terms of its layout, the torpedo probably repeats the design of the basic “Physicist”. Let us recall that the first version of the UGST had a head compartment with homing equipment, behind which the charging and reservoir compartments were located in series. The tail compartment was given over to the installation of the engine and actuators of the control system. Apparently, in the new project, this torpedo architecture was not changed or modified.
According to published data, “Futlyar” is equipped with an axial piston internal combustion engine using single-component fuel. The type of engine and its main characteristics have not yet been announced. It is known that the basic “Physicist” had a 350 kW (469 hp) engine, which used a rotating combustion chamber. Fuel was supplied by a high-pressure pump. Tanks for transporting fuel were located in the central part of the hull. It was proposed to start the engine using a starting powder charge.
The engine shaft passes through the tail section of the hull and is brought out, where it is connected to the water-jet propulsion unit. The impeller of the latter is placed inside the annular channel, which increases productivity while simultaneously reducing noise. The rudders are located next to the annular channel of the water cannon. A curious feature of the projects of the UGST “Physicist” family is the use of controllable surfaces that unfold after exiting the torpedo tube. For greater efficiency, the rudders have a box-like design with a pair of large planes and a small jumper between them, leading into the flow. This design increases the efficiency of the rudders and simplifies control to a certain extent.
It is known that the Physicist-2 product has homing means, but the type of such a system has not been specified. At the same time, there is certain information about the control systems of the previous UGST torpedo. According to available data, within the framework of the Physicist research and development project, enterprises of the domestic defense industry created two variants of active-passive homing systems, which have certain differences. Together with homing, telecontrol from the corresponding console of the carrier submarine can be used. To transmit commands to the onboard systems of the torpedo, a cable placed on two coils is used. One of them is equipped with 25 km of wire and is located inside the torpedo, and the towed one with 5 km of cable is placed in the transport position near the water-jet propulsion unit. The third coil can be installed on board the carrier. With the help of a cable and remote control, a torpedo can be launched into a given area of the intended location of the target, after which the search and guidance are entrusted to automatic systems.
The Physics homing system has a flat nose receiving-emitting antenna, which contains a large number of individual elements. The torpedo is capable of finding both the targets themselves and their wake. Automation detects surface ships at distances of up to 1.2 km, submarines - up to 2.5 km. Wake indication time – 350 s. The warhead is detonated using a proximity fuse. It works at distances up to several meters from the target.
Behind the head compartment in the body of the Futlyar torpedo there is a combat charging compartment. The new family of torpedoes carry a similar charge in the form of 300 kg of explosive. The power of such a fighting compartment is sufficient to inflict the most serious damage on enemy surface ships and submarines. It is likely that practical products can be produced simultaneously with combat torpedoes carrying a powerful explosive charge. In this case, the charging compartment must be filled with ballast of the required mass.
According to domestic press reports, the UGST “Fizik-2” / “Case” torpedo is capable of reaching speeds of up to 50 knots (more than 90 km/h) and moving at depths of up to 400 m. The firing range is up to 50 km. It has been repeatedly noted in various publications that the promising product is superior in range to existing domestic and foreign torpedoes. This feature of the new weapon significantly increases the likelihood of successful timely destruction of a target with minimal risk to its carrier.
According to previously published data, the new Futlyar torpedo is primarily intended to arm modern nuclear submarines of the latest designs. Thus, the first carriers of these weapons may be multi-purpose nuclear submarine project 885 "Ash" and strategic cruisers of project 955 "Borey". At the same time, it cannot be ruled out that in the future such torpedoes will be included in the ammunition load of other domestic submarines built according to older designs.
Production of “Cases” should be launched at the Dagdizel plant in Kaspiysk. According to available data, this enterprise is currently producing UGST “Physicist” products, and in the near future it will master the mass assembly of its modernized version. According to some reports, the launch of mass production of Fizik-2 torpedoes will lead to a stop in the production of base model products. Apparently, such a replacement will not lead to technological or operational difficulties, but will at the same time make it possible to increase the potential of the submarine forces to a certain extent.
The development of a new version of a homing thermal torpedo to replace existing Fizik products started just a few years ago. By now, torpedo builders have managed to complete the design and conduct the necessary tests. According to reports this spring, the checks were successful and allowed for optimistic assessments. At the same time, however, anonymous sources in the domestic media cited rather modest plans: the new torpedo was supposed to enter service only next year.
Just a few months after this, one of the authors of the new project said that the Physicist-2 torpedo had already been adopted by the Russian Navy. Whether mass production has begun has not yet been clarified. Other aspects of the new project are also not disclosed. At the same time, there have been reports that the new torpedo will replace the base model in production.
The development of domestic mine and torpedo weapons continues and is yielding certain results. In just a few years, an updated and improved version of the existing UGST “Physicist” product was created, featuring a number of advantages. This torpedo was put into service not long ago, and in the near future it should enter the arsenals of the navy and be included in the ammunition load of the newest nuclear submarines.
Based on materials from sites:
http://ria.ru/
http://iz.ru/
http://vpk-news.ru/
http://bastion-opk.ru/
http://bmpd.livejournal.com/
The Russian Navy has adopted a new deep-sea homing torpedo “Physicist”, the maximum firing range of which reaches 50 km, a source in the Russian Ministry of Defense said.
“At the end of last year, after the successful completion of state tests, the new deep-sea thermal homing torpedo “Physicist” was put into service,” a TASS source said.
“First of all, all submarines of projects 955 (Borey), 885 (Ash) and their modifications will be armed with this torpedo, and as the production of these torpedoes increases, other submarines of the Navy will be re-equipped with them,” the agency’s interlocutor specified.
According to him, serial production of the Fizik torpedo has already begun, and the fleet is acquiring new weapons “with great desire.”
“The maximum firing range of the new torpedo is 50 km, the speed is about 60 knots. The Physics engine runs on unitary fuel,” said the agency’s interlocutor.
The source explained that the Physicist will replace the old USET-80 torpedo with a range of 18 km, which was put into service back in Soviet times - in the 1980s. “The USET-80 torpedo was previously received by the most modern nuclear submarines handed over to the fleet recently, in particular the first Borei - Yuri Dolgoruky - and the first Yasen - Severodvinsk. Now they will get rid of it,” he added.
The agency does not yet have official confirmation of this information.
The length of the “Physicist” torpedo is 7.2 m, weight is 2200 kg with a warhead mass of 300 kg. Thermal gearless open-cycle axial piston engine DP4 with a power of 460 kW on single-component “pronit” fuel has a rotating combustion chamber and gives the torpedo a speed of 30 to 55 knots with a range of 40-50 km and a travel depth of up to 500 m. The DP4 ESU was largely created using technical solutions of the American Mk.46 rocket.
The first prototype, called “Physicist,” appeared in the USSR in 1990 and used an analogue of the American single-component fuel “Otto-2”. To target the target, an active-passive hydroacoustic homing system with a wake recognition system is used with a response range of the SSN from 1.2 to 2.5 km and a response range of a proximity fuse from 2 to 8 m, depending on the type and size of the target. The possibility of telecontrol is provided with a total cable length of about 30 km.
To reduce its own noise, the torpedo is equipped with a water-jet propulsion system and retractable rudders. Export version This torpedo is designated UGST. In the future, it is planned to use a promising modification of this torpedo with an open-cycle turbine engine 19D with a power of 800 kW on two-component fuel (hydrazide and kerosene T1) under the designation “Physicist-2” or “Physicist-2000” (export name UGST-M). Due to the new ESU it is expected to achieve maximum speed about 65 knots. In addition to these torpedoes, the standard ammunition of Project 885 will apparently also include the previous generation USET-80KM universal electric torpedo (the modification was adopted for service in 1993).
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