What are the professional skills and knowledge? What professional skills would you like to acquire?

Tax Code of the Russian Federation

Content To get a job, a person must present himself correctly. A resume must be prepared that includes short biography applicant and lists the professional skills that he possesses. From correct design

This document to a certain extent determines whether a person gets a job or not.

Basic professional skills

The main signs of a good resume are presentability and conciseness.

• It should list those professional skills that correspond to the vacancy. There is a list of basic characteristics that every modern applicant must have. They are divided into 4 groups. In the first category communicative:
• Negotiation;
• competent written and oral communication; conflict resolution,;
• controversial situations
• ability to persuade;
• working with objections and claims;

• ability to speak in public.
• time management;
• budgeting;
• project management;;
• strategic planning
• multitasking;

• processing large amounts of information.
• personnel Management;
• motivation;
• generation of ideas;

analytics.

• The fourth group is applied skills necessary for a particular profession. Scroll:
• PC ownership;
• "blind dialing";
• handling office equipment;
• knowledge of the MS Office software package;
• knowledge of GOSTs, SNIPs;
• business correspondence;
• ability to work with legal frameworks, knowledge of legislation;
• office work; knowledge;
• foreign languages

personnel production.

Extra skills

• There are professional skills, the presence of which is encouraged, although not considered mandatory. What additional skills can be listed on a resume:
• attention to detail;
• analytic skills;
• flexibility;
• communication skills;
• management abilities.

Examples of professional skills in a resume

Sometimes it is very difficult to understand which skills are basic, which are additional, and which are better to be transferred to the “About Me” section or not mentioned. Below are examples of professional skills that can be included in a resume for vacancies:

• manager;
• manager;
• economist;
• engineer;
• teacher;
• bank employee;
• accountant.

Manager skills

This position has many ramifications, which affects the list of skills you need to have when holding it. There are vacancies for sales, purchasing, personnel training, personnel selection, etc. manager. There are a number of general qualities that are important to perform official duties. You can include the following skills in your resume for a manager position:

• work with objections;
• permission conflict situations;
• PC knowledge;
• processing large amounts of information;
• sales experience;
• ability to work with legal frameworks, knowledge of legislation;
• working with office equipment and communications equipment;
• communication in accordance with the rules of etiquette;
• It should list those professional skills that correspond to the vacancy. There is a list of basic characteristics that every modern applicant must have. They are divided into 4 groups. In the first category communicative:
• knowledge of the relevant market;
• building stable relationships with clients, suppliers, and personnel.

Head

All actions of a person holding this position should be aimed at establishing effective work enterprises.

An applicant for a managerial position can include the following specialized skills in his resume:

• ability to persuade and motivate;
• knowledge of foreign languages ​​(with listing and level of proficiency);
• selection, training, control of personnel at all stages of the work process;
• proficiency level personal computer(be sure to list which programs he can work with);
• strategic thinking;
• It should list those professional skills that correspond to the vacancy. There is a list of basic characteristics that every modern applicant must have. They are divided into 4 groups. In the first category communicative:
• critical thinking;
• ability to resolve conflicts;
• delegation of authority;
• time management, labor resources;
• forecasting, strategic planning;
• search for non-standard management decisions;
• organizational skills.

Economist

A person holding such a position must have higher education and analytical mind. In a resume for an economist position, you can indicate the following professional skills and knowledge:

• PC proficiency (with a list of mastered programs, especially specialized ones);
• accounting of company performance indicators;
• maintaining bank accounts for individuals, legal entities;
• knowledge of foreign languages ​​(listed, level);
• economic analysis;
• planning, maintaining and accounting of payments;
• work with electronic reporting, translations;
• management, conclusion of contracts;
• documenting operations;
• maintaining and submitting reports in accordance with rules and deadlines.

Engineer

To hold this position, you need to have a variety of skills. What can be included in a resume:

• PC skills and specialized programs (Compass, AutoCAD);
• organization of construction and repair processes, management at all stages;
• office work; regulatory documentation, laws and acts in the field engineering design;
• examination project documentation;
• Conducting daily quality control, recording the volume of work performed;
• processing tender documentation;
• development of engineering projects;
• drawing up contracts, additional agreements;
• maintaining technical documentation;
• work with providers;
• reading and drawing up drawings;
• knowledge of the specifics of mechanisms of varying complexity.

Teacher

The teacher and educator are special professions, requiring great dedication. For applicants for these positions, both specialized skills and personal qualities are equally important. When writing a resume for the position of teacher, you can list those of these characteristics that you possess:

• possession modern technologies training;
• motivation;
• experience in tutoring, individual lessons;
• initiative;
• broad outlook;
• energy;
• erudition;
• effective communication skills;
• flexibility, tolerance in communication;
• making decisions;
• organization, planning;
• critical thinking.

Bank employee

The position, as a rule, involves constant communication with people. To obtain it you may need the following professional knowledge:

• sales experience;
• tact, tolerance;
• ability to speak in public.
• effective communication– the ability to listen to the interlocutor and give competent advice;
• grammatically correct speech;
• learning ability, easy assimilation of new information;
• ability to motivate and persuade;
• working with objections, searching for compromises.

Accountant

The list of skills that a person holding this position must have is very large and may vary depending on the narrow specialization.

Professional knowledge that can be listed in a resume for an accountant vacancy:

• conducting mutual settlements, reconciliation acts;
• knowledge of relevant legislation;
• maintaining accounting and tax records;
• knowledge of the Client-Bank system and specialized programs;
• accounting entries;
• analytical thinking;
• preparation and submission of reports;
• planning;
• carrying out inventory;
• attentiveness;
• accrual wages;
• knowledge of the principles of calculating vacation pay and sick leave;
• working with primary documents.

Professional skills on a resume without experience

If you have not yet worked anywhere, this does not mean that you do not have any skills. What knowledge can be reflected in a resume for people who have no professional experience:

• PC ownership, computer programs;
• theoretical and practical knowledge in the field mathematical modeling, marketing analysis, sociology (any field in which you received your education or did an internship);
• experience in conducting sociological research (can be obtained during studies);
• knowledge of foreign languages ​​(English, Spanish, etc.);
• skills acquired in certain part-time jobs (optional);
• Availability thesis with an "excellent" rating.

Common mistakes

You need to approach writing your resume very responsibly, because your career and future depend on it. When preparing a document, avoid the following mistakes:

1. The optimal number of points is from 6 to 9. If you write too few skills, then the HR manager or company leader may get the impression that you do not have enough qualifications to fill the position. If there are too many of them, the document will raise doubts. The specialist may think that you have listed knowledge that you do not possess.
2. Do not write professional skills that are not relevant to a specific job, even if you are very proud of them.
3. Do not include personal qualities or character traits in the “Professional skills” paragraph. There is a separate section for them.
4. Write about each professional skill not abstractly, but specifically, for example - “Work experience in wholesale sales- 5 years". Operate with the words “I own”, “I know”, “I have experience”.
5. Don't forget the principle of relevance. Write key skills first, additional ones later.
6. Avoid template phrases and cliches.

Video

Found an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we will fix everything!

Discuss

Professional skills in a resume: examples of skills and knowledge

Resume (CV)- it's yours business card, the correct preparation of which determines whether you will get the job you want or not. It is very important to approach writing a resume responsibly, because it can be the decisive factor in hiring you for a job.

In this article, we will look at specific skills and abilities for a resume, and also give you tips and recommendations for correctly filling out these resume fields. At the end of the article you can download a standard resume template.

If you are interested in the question, you can read more about it in the article.

Education, experience, positions held in previous positions are mandatory parts of a CV. Nice resume It is unacceptable to compose without describing the most important skills of a specialist. You need to describe these skills in such a way that a potential boss has an irresistible desire to hire not just anyone, but you.

1. Key skills and abilities for a resume

Those key skills that are reflected in your resume will definitely become the object of attention from the employer. Previous work experience and education will not always be able to reveal information about the skills that you possess.

The correct approach to filling out this section of your resume will allow the employer to understand, even without personal communication, that you are exactly who he needs.

There are no such general key skills, which would be suitable for any of the positions and professions. Those who cannot formulate their own professional strengths can indicate the following skills and abilities:

• abilities for interpersonal business communication;
• organization and planning of working time;
• There are professional skills, the presence of which is encouraged, although not considered mandatory. What additional skills can be listed on a resume:
• analytical skills necessary to find solutions to problem situations;
• showing flexibility;
• management skills
• business leadership skills.

Don't forget that an employer may only require some of these skills, which he usually specifies in his own job offer. It is much easier to reformulate the employer's requirements into your key skills.

2. Skills and abilities for sellers, consultants, secretaries, bank employees...

Applicants for sales positions, managers and consultants, as well as other positions that require regular communication with people, can indicate as their own skills and abilities:

• having successful experience in sales;
• time management skills;
• competent speech, ability to persuade;
• effective communication skills;
• finding an approach to the client and reaching compromises;
• ability to learn and perceive information;
• the ability to listen to the interlocutor and give him competent advice;
• display of tact and tolerance;
• creativity.

If you have information that the employer cooperates with foreign clients, knowledge of foreign languages ​​will be your advantage. Be sure to indicate this on your resume.

Service workers must possess the quality communication, analytical and decision-making skills required to provide care. Any activity of such employees must be aimed at satisfying the interests of the client, which requires the applicant to be results-oriented, able to work under personal pressure and initiative.

Also, the employer will certainly be attracted by the resume of a candidate who will have knowledge of foreign languages, be proficient in a computer, business correspondence, be attentive and interested in the overall result of the company.

3. Leadership skills: manager, manager, director, administrator...

You should start working on your resume by identifying those skills whose presence is of fundamental importance for a specific position.

Employers check managers with special care, often placing exaggerated demands on them. Those who wish to take a management position should indicate the following skills as skills:

• ability to resolve conflicts;
• optimal organization of the work process;
• independent decision-making and responsibility for them;
• presence of critical thinking;
• efficiency of time and labor resources management;
• staff motivation skills;
• strategic thinking;
• effective negotiations;
• communication skills and the ability to build trust.

The applicant can add to this group those professional traits that he considers his strengths.

In this case, professional skills and personal qualities must have a clear distinction, because the question about the applicant’s personal qualities will certainly come from the employer, and their identity with professional skills will not allow them to create a positive impression of themselves.

The list of skills can be supplemented by the ability to simultaneously perform several tasks, the ability to distribute responsibilities and control their implementation.

4. Skills and abilities for teachers leading seminars and trainings...

Slightly different skills and abilities should be characteristic of teachers leading seminar classes. Such people should be:

• capable of motivation;
• highly proactive and energetic;
• masters of concentrating people's attention on certain phenomena for the required time;
• flexible and patient;
• capable of organizing the work process.

In addition, you can specify that teachers must have competent speech and clear pronunciation, and be good interlocutors in personal communication.

The main task of this category of workers is to establish contacts.

5. Skills and abilities for technical specialists: programmers, system administrators...

Skills that must be present technical specialists, are absolutely individual.

For example, system administrators are required to monitor the operation of all company computers, which requires him to:

• carrying out diagnostic measures regarding subordinate equipment;
• constant monitoring of possible risks;
• proficiency in English at a technical level;
• ease of perception of information flows.

6. Skills and abilities for accountants, auditors...

Professionals who aim to obtain accounting-related positions must have a clear understanding of the employer's requirements. An accountant must have:

• analytical thinking;
• organizational skills to create a work algorithm;
• constant analysis;
• competent planning;
• increased attention to detail and detail;
• ability to determine the degree of priorities;
• identification of priority tasks;
• skills in working with representatives of regulatory authorities.

7. Skills and abilities - examples for lawyers

Workers in the field of jurisprudence can indicate in their resume:

• knowledge of legislation;
• skills in drafting contracts and documentation;
• use of legal electronic databases;
• ability to work with control authorities;
• search for compromise solutions;
• setting goals and striving to achieve them.

8. Special skills and abilities for a resume

The ability to establish oral and written contact with counterparties, high achievements in the field of service, organization of the work process, the presence of public speaking skills and many other skills will be assessed by the employer.

Each of them is looking for an employee who will be motivated to overall result, will show initiative and high energy in solving emerging issues, will be a pleasant and competent interlocutor, able to immediately make a decision, give an answer and be responsible for every word.

Applicants may indicate in their resumes:

• presence of leadership qualities;
• availability of technical knowledge;
• project organization and management skills;
• marketing abilities.

9. General skills and abilities

There are a number of general skills that professionals can possess. Their list is generalized and is not suitable for all specialties.

However, I think this list will be useful for you; perhaps you will find exactly the skills and abilities that you want to indicate in your resume. These include:

• foreign language proficiency (language and degree of proficiency);
• programming abilities;
• time management;
• competent business conversation(oral and written);
• working with customer databases, including from the level of their creation;
• efficiency in searching for information;
• development of plans;
• analytical actions based on sales (including those performed by competitive organizations);
• procurement skills;
• skills in conducting inventory processes;
• availability of abilities in merchandising;
• work with commercial proposals;
• negotiation skills;
• training and motivating colleagues;
• making forecasts;
• pricing skills;
• direct sales skills;
• persuasion skills;
• telephone sales skills;
• skills in working with individual computer programs: Excel, Word, Photoshop, 1C, etc. ;
• ability to object;
• use of primary data;
• "blind dialing";
• development and implementation of advertising and market research campaigns;
• legal expertise;
• scrupulousness in preparing reporting materials;
• collection and preparation of statistical information;
• ability to organize processes;
• readiness for team work;
• independence of decisions;
• organization skills;
• ability to use persuasion methods.

Each individual specialty is characterized by certain abilities. Among those presented, there will certainly be those that suit you and the position that has become your choice. These skills can be used to include on a resume.

10. Correct compilation of a basic list of skills and abilities

Advice: when searching for the desired position, you should not limit yourself to a single resume; it is better to constantly modify it in relation to the vacancy. The presentation of skills on the main resume and the one you create for an individual position should be different.

In the main version of the CV, suitable for most positions, skills should be listed as follows: the “Skills and Achievements” column is the completion of the “Work Experience” column, i.e. skills are a consequence of professional experience.

Let's say you worked as a marketer and are now looking for a vacancy for this position, you need to write a list of advantages that new boss will receive by hiring you for this position.

Professional skills and abilities for a resume example for a marketer:

• conducting marketing research;
• analysis of the market situation and consumer desires;
• ability to develop ideas for assortments.

The list should not be very long and detailed - the main points will suffice. A recruiter reading your CV should understand that your main skills are a consequence of your professional experience, so don’t make things up. Let's imagine that you were a simple employee, and write that you know how to organize work. No one will believe you, and the recruiter will simply ignore you.

11. Don’t confuse the description of your abilities and personality traits

Punctuality, communication skills and responsibility should be indicated in the “About yourself” column. The “Skills and Achievements” column is needed only for information related to job obligations.

In the “Professional skills” section, you must indicate the basic skills acquired at your previous job or at a university. Here you can indicate your achievements. The section should reveal you as a specialist. In other words, this section should describe your “Qualifications”.

If you describe your skills, you will make your CV more attractive. After reading this section, the potential boss should clearly understand that the company needs you and you definitely need to be called for an interview. You need to attract him with your knowledge and abilities. If you want this to happen more often, listen to our advice:

• The “Qualifications” item should be placed exactly after the “Education” item. This is at least logical.
• This section must be modified for any new vacancy. You only need to record abilities that are suitable for the position you are looking for.
• Don't make yourself out to be one-man band, carefully indicating the entire list of its advantages. Indicate a few (4-8) key ones, that's enough. If you want to express some skills, you will have to sacrifice others.
• Initially, describe those abilities that are most consistent with the position you are looking for.
• Write the list in a way that is easy to read.
• You need to use the same definitions and phrases used by the potential boss in the ad.
• When describing skills and abilities, you need to start phrases with the words “have experience”, “know”, “possess”, etc.
• There is no need to write about your features; there is a special section for them in your resume.

Attention: so-called “headhunters” are looking for rare employees. They are generally not interested in the candidate's experience, they are looking for specific benefits provided to them.

12. Skills and abilities for a resume example for an HR director:

Ability to build communications within the company. Ability to quickly manage departments and projects. Organization of consultations and business trainings.

A new skill can be written from a red line, this will make your text easier to read, although it will take up more space. If you correctly describe your skills and abilities, this will significantly increase the chance that you will be called for an interview.

Although education and experience are a very important part of a resume, they cannot create the impression of the right employee.

It is not enough for a hirer to know where you studied and received professional experience. He needs to know exactly what you can do and how you can be useful to his company. So, correctly described basic skills greatly increase the likelihood of getting the coveted job.

Core competencies are the combination of your skills and abilities required to perform well the tasks presented to you. job requirements. So carefully chosen and correctly worded phrases can help your resume stand out from many similar documents.

While working, try to gain skills, study additionally and get certificates. In this case, you will be able to really arouse the interest of the hirer and get a higher probability of being hired.

We hope these resume skills and abilities examples help you.

13. We indicate specific skills and abilities in the resume

Now imagine that you are writing a CV for a specific position in which you have a keen interest. Then the list of core skills should be treated as a list of specific, rather than general, skills.

Read the announcement very carefully. What do you need to be able to do to be hired for this position? Do these requests match your skills and experience? This must be indicated in the “Skills” column.

However, simply rewriting the requirements in a resume and framing them as your own skills - bad idea. The recruiter will immediately guess that you have decided to take a “let it go” approach to your resume. Change this information, make it more specific, add something that was not specified by the employer, but could benefit this company.

For example, if you see a requirement - fluency in English, then mention the ability to organize obtaining a visa for the boss (if this is the case, of course). After all, if the employer and his assistants correspond to English language, this may indicate that there is business partners from other countries, and in this case, the ability to organize a visa will arouse the interest of a possible boss.

Also remember that nowadays a recruiter will probably look for candidates by keywords, so you need to compose a description of skills so that it contains phrases that are in the text of the job description.

Posted on 12/15/2017

Any company strives to find best employee for each position that requires a number of mandatory professional skills. Fortunately, most job seekers possess these skills in one form or another. Employers determine the capabilities of candidates based on the list of skills they provide, as well as the indicated advantages/disadvantages. Thus, every job seeker must prepare himself for the job search, taking into account all the means of communication that the employer pays attention to. The following means of communication need to be considered: your resume, covering letter and interview.

You can submit in better light your skills and confirm them with previous work experience. In this article we have provided sample list required professional skills that must be indicated in the resume. You can edit this list and add additional skills to your resume to suit your needs. Below is a table with examples of professional skills that you can include on your resume. The table is divided into main professions and the skills they require.

Skills and abilities	Top manager	Sales and Marketing, Customer Service	Programmers, designers, Research and development, teachers
Time management skills	+	+
People management skills	+
Personal communication skills	+	+
Business communication skills	+	+
Oral skills	+	+
Business management skills	+	+
Strategic Thinking	+
Creative thinking	+	+	+
Organizational abilities	+	+
Effective Listening Skills	+	+	+
Decision making ability	+	+	+
Problem solving skills	+	+	+
Negotiation skills	+	+
Ability to work in a team	+	+
Ability to conduct trainings	+
Ability to train others	+
Ability to learn quickly	+	+
Effective Study Skills	+	+
Analytic skills	+	+
Ability to make risky decisions	+	+
Sales skills	+	+
Ingenuity	+	+
Responsibility	+	+	+
Reliability	+	+	+
Creative skills	+	+	+
Determination	+	+	+
Business ethics	+	+
Critical Thinking Skills	+
Customer Service Skills	+	+	+
Perseverance	+	+
Multitasking	+	+
Tact	+	+

Skills to include on your resume

Below are examples of skills and abilities that can be included in a resume.

Key skills - sample for resume

• analytical thinking, ability to plan;
• developed oral and interpersonal communication skills;
• organizational skills, ability to prioritize;
• analyzing problems, using judgment, and being able to solve problems effectively.

Examples of other special skills

Oral and written communication, ability to establish rapport with partners and clients, business development, high level of customer service, attention to detail and organization, self-sufficiency and proactiveness, hospitality to clients and partners, professional speaking and presentation skills, ability to conduct effective trainings with others.

• motivation, initiative, high energy;
• oral communication skills;
• decision making, critical thinking, organization and planning;
• tolerance and flexibility in different situations.

Other skills:

• leadership communication skills;
• business leadership skills;
• technical and technological skills;
• organization skills;
• project management skills;
• marketing and key sales skills.

Examples of professional skills for different professions

Key skills for project managers

• experienced team leader with the ability to initiate/manage different functional teams and multidisciplinary projects;
• critical thinking, decision making and problem solving skills;
• planning and organization;
• excellent interpersonal skills;
• Project management skills: influence, leadership, ability to lead, negotiate and delegate authority;
• conflict resolution;
• ability to adapt to conditions;
• stress resistance.

Key skills for teachers

• motivation;
• initiative and high energy;
• developed oral and personal communication skills;
• decision making, critical thinking, organizing and planning skills;
• tolerance and flexibility in different situations.

Key skills for accountants

• analytical thinking, planning;
• accuracy and attention to detail;
• organization, ability to prioritize;
• problem analysis, use of judgment, ability to solve problems effectively.

Key skills for customer service

• developed communication skills;
• problem analysis and solution;
• organizational skills, focus on customer service;
• ability to adapt, ability to work under pressure;
• initiative.

In contact with

Classmates

What professional skills should you include on your resume? Example

The qualities you want to tell your employers about should be clearly stated and not just thrown into the wind. Communication skills/responsibility and creativity - all this, of course, is wonderful, but meaningfully useless.

So, let's go over the skills you keep forgetting to mention. If you don’t know what to write in the “skills” column, there is one more material for you!

Important!

As a reminder, the skills you present to your employer must be directly relevant to the position for which you are applying. Brevity and specificity are the first rule of a resume.

// Leadership

Of course, this is an important skill for anyone involved in managing a company or even working in a team - each team member will sooner or later be faced with the need to take initiative. So, if you know that you can be a leader in a team at some point, then this quality can always be mentioned (and even necessary!).

We write:

you know how to resolve conflicts in a team, are ready to help colleagues, listen to criticism, are ready to lead, take responsibility for the team’s decisions... - everything sounds more specific than “I have leadership qualities.”

// Communication skills

This quality-skill is directly related to leadership. The fact is that you need not only to be able to communicate with people, but also to understand that there must be a factor between you business relations and mutual benefits. When you write “outgoing,” you don’t need to think about the fact that you have great friends and are great friends with your colleagues.

We write:

networking, knowledge of cold calling techniques, building relationships with clients, ability to work in a team.

Important!

It's good (wonderful, great, no price for you) if every skill you mention is supported by an example in your resume that proves that you have it. For example, let’s compare the “outgoing” Ivan or Ivan, who organizes events and has attracted famous speakers using his ability to communicate and search for contacts.

// Organization

Firstly, in Russian, “organization” can have two related meanings: you are organized, punctual, you understand what a “systemic” approach is, or maybe you understand how to organize a lot of people and make the gears turn. So in this case we would advise you:

We write:

organizing events, managing meetings, scheduling, planning (great word for a resume!), time management

// Responsibility

This is only mentioned by those people who just want to tell the employer “you can trust me!” But there is much more the right ways prove that you are a responsible employee, for example, by mentioning what you did project activities or that they were engaged in serious financial calculations- everything that had a specific result would be useful to note instead of “responsible”.

We write:

project activities (completed n.

projects), working with clients n., creating advertising company n.

// Learning ability

We are all trainable. Otherwise they would not be able to talk, write, eat, or walk. This is a normal skill not only for humans, but also for animals. Another unnecessary and too “general” word for your resume.

We write:

independently studied the n. program, mastered the n. programming language, actively attended trainings, created a personal website, desire to use skills in different departments

// Critical thinking

You know that nowadays everyone is a film critic.

Professional skills in a resume

But what in reality - when you need to show the skills of a real analyst, say something after the presentation, everyone suddenly loses their thoughts.

We write:

search for information, ability to analyze n. in n., reporting in n., reviewing

// Stress resistance

This is an irreplaceable, wonderful and very necessary skill. But it’s not really a skill—it’s a character trait, just like communication skills, for example. You can learn to cope with stress, but most likely when you apply this characteristic to yourself, you mean that you can work under pressure, under deadlines and at a fast pace. So say it!

We write:

ability (EXPERIENCE!) to work under deadlines, ability to make quick decisions, knowledge of the market, understanding of competition in the industry, ability to cope with crisis situations

More career advice, current vacancies and useful resources -
in the Telegram channel

Introduction

Chapter 1. Knowledge, skills and abilities in the learning process

Chapter 2. Functioning of the triad “knowledge-abilities-skills” in modern didactics

Chapter 3. Practical aspects of acquiring knowledge and skills

Conclusion

List of used literature

Introduction

Relevance. As is known, the transition from a state of lack of training to a state of certain training is carried out through mastering a certain amount of knowledge, skills and abilities, and each didactic process has well-defined fundamental capabilities in terms of the quality of their formation in students over a given time.

Until the 80s In the 20th century, it was traditionally believed that the content of specialist training comes down to only these components. Later, two more were identified - the experience of creative activity and the experience of an emotional-value attitude to reality.

The formation of general educational skills is one of the priorities modern education, which predetermines the success of all subsequent training.

In the new educational standards for primary general education the formation of general educational skills and abilities, as well as in various ways activities devoted Special attention: they are allocated in a separate block both at the level of minimum content and at the level of requirements for the level of preparation of those graduating from primary school.

Issues of general educational skills have been studied in pedagogical science and educational practice for more than a decade, however, they still main drawback modern education, including primary education, is associated with the inability of schoolchildren to learn.

Teachers primary school while they are having difficulty transitioning to orientation towards new goals primary education, formulated during the modernization of the structure and content of education: to teach younger schoolchildren to study, to form their educational activities.

As before, the main emphasis is on mastering knowledge, skills and abilities.

The effectiveness of learning will increase noticeably if the student begins to meaningfully work on his development, begins to strive to independently find and eliminate his mistakes - when writing, in speaking, in organizing his own activities. To do this, he needs to learn to research, analyze own activities to identify your mistakes so as not to make them in the future, and your achievements in order to record and reproduce them. That is, the effectiveness of training directly depends on the formation and development of general educational skills.

Purpose of the study– consider the problem of forming a mechanism for acquiring knowledge and skills in the learning process.

Research objectives :

1. Consider the features of knowledge, skills and abilities in the learning process.

2. Analyze the functioning of the triad “knowledge-abilities-skills” in modern didactics.

3. Determine the practical aspects of acquiring knowledge and skills.

Object of study– fundamental characteristics of knowledge and skills in the learning process. Subject of study- determination of the features of the formation in the learning process of the mechanism for acquiring knowledge and skills.

Research hypothesis: we proceeded from the fact that the acquisition of knowledge and skills is a complex process, including mastery of a set of various operations and actions.

1.

Knowledge, skills and abilities in the learning process

Knowledge in teaching is understood as the basic laws of a subject area that allow a person to solve specific production, scientific and other problems, i.e. facts, concepts, judgments, images, relationships, assessments, rules, algorithms, heuristics, as well as decision-making strategies in this area.

Knowledge is elements of information connected with each other and with the outside world.

Properties of knowledge: structureability, interpretability, coherence, activity.

Structurality is the presence of connections that characterize the degree of comprehension and identification of the basic patterns and principles operating in a given subject area.

The interpretability of knowledge (to interpret means to interpret, to explain) is determined by the content, or semantics, of knowledge and the ways of its use.

Knowledge coherence is the presence of situational relationships between knowledge elements. These elements can be interconnected into separate blocks, for example, thematically, semantically, functionally.

Knowledge activity is the ability to generate new knowledge and is determined by a person’s motivation to be cognitively active.

Along with knowledge, there is the concept of data. Although a clear line between data and knowledge cannot always be drawn, there are nevertheless fundamental differences between them.

Data is an element of knowledge, i.e. isolated facts, whose relationships with the outside world and among themselves are not fixed within themselves.

There is a distinction between declarative knowledge - statements about objects of the subject area, their properties and relationships between them, and procedural knowledge - they describe the rules for transforming objects of the subject area. These can be recipes, algorithms, techniques, instructions, decision-making strategies. The difference between them is that declarative knowledge is the rules of communication, while procedural knowledge is the rules of transformation.

• stored (remembered);
• are reproduced;
• are checked;
• updated, including restructured;
• are transformed;
• are interpreted.

Skill is understood as a method of performing an action mastered by a person, provided by a certain body of knowledge.

7 Key Competencies to Look for When Recruiting

Skill is expressed in the ability to consciously apply knowledge in practice.

Skills are automated components of a person’s conscious action that are developed in the process of its execution. A skill emerges as a consciously automated action and then functions as an automated way of performing it. The fact that this action has become a skill means that the individual, as a result of the exercise, has acquired the ability to carry out this operation without making its implementation his conscious goal.

The strength of knowledge assimilation is one of the goals of training. The result of strong assimilation is the formation of stable knowledge structures that reflect objective reality, when students are able to update and use the acquired knowledge. However, in practice this goal is not always achieved. Everyone knows the student motto: “Pass (the exam) and forget it like a bad dream.”

But if knowledge is forgotten, then why waste time (and money) on learning it?

The purpose of training is professional skills and abilities.

Research by psychologists has shown that acquired skills remain forever, and skills last for years, and theoretical (declarative) knowledge is quickly forgotten. However, in many cases, the strength of knowledge acquisition is the goal of intermediate stages of learning.

Modern understanding of mechanisms educational activities, leading to a strong assimilation of knowledge, allows us to formulate a number of recommendations.

IN modern education thinking dominates memory. Students should save their energy, not waste it on memorizing low-value knowledge, and avoid overloading their memory to the detriment of thinking.

Prevent the consolidation in memory of what was incorrectly perceived or what the student did not understand. The student must memorize what has been consciously learned and well understood.

The material requiring memorization should be contained in short rows: what we should carry in our memory should not be of vast dimensions. From the rows to be memorized, exclude everything that the student himself can easily add.

Remember that forgetting what you have learned occurs most intensively immediately after learning, so the time and frequency of repetitions must be consistent with the psychological laws of forgetting. Largest quantity repetitions are required immediately after students are familiarized with new material, i.e., at the moment of maximum loss of information, after which this number of repetitions should gradually decrease, but not disappear completely. It is advisable for students not to time their own reproduction of the material to coincide with the moment immediately following the perception of the material, but to first let it rest for a while. Experimental studies indicate that the best reproduction occurs, for the most part, not immediately after the first perception of the material, but some time (2-3 days) after it.

When intensifying students’ involuntary memorization, do not give direct tasks or instructions: it is better to interest students, and from time to time “stir up” the interest that arises.

Don’t start learning something new without first forming two the most important qualities: interest and positive attitude towards it.

Follow the feed logic educational material. Knowledge and beliefs that are logically connected are absorbed more firmly than scattered information.

Rely on the fact established by science: an important form of strengthening knowledge is its independent repetition by students.

Follow the logic of learning, because the strength of knowledge that is logically interconnected always exceeds the strength of assimilation of scattered, poorly connected knowledge. Provide students with the opportunity to view the material from different angles.

Since the strength of memorizing information acquired in the form of logical structures is higher than the strength of isolated knowledge, knowledge presented in logically integral structures should be consolidated.

In teaching practice, repeated repetition of the presented educational material is often a means of solid assimilation of knowledge. However, reliance primarily on mechanical memorization, without a deep awareness of internal patterns and logical sequence in the system of acquired knowledge is one of the reasons for formalism in teaching. Memorization and reproduction depend not only on the objective connections of the material, but also on the individual’s attitude towards it (for example, the student’s interest in knowledge). An important condition for the sound assimilation of knowledge is proper organization repetition and consolidation of knowledge. Knowledge acquired independently is most firmly absorbed when performing research, search, and creative tasks.

You can interest an employer if you immediately write in your resume about what you can do. This will help him determine how quickly you can adapt and understand the nuances of the work.

Key skills in a resume: examples

To understand how to write about your skills correctly, you can look at an example of professional skills in a resume. Just be sure to make allowances for your personal experience, employer requirements and specifics of the future position.

Possible professional skills

It is worth understanding that in this section of the resume you need to indicate your main skills. If you do not have work experience yet, you can enter the results pre-graduate practice. Almost all resumes can include the following skills:

• working with a PC;
• knowledge of foreign languages ​​(indicating your level) - this can be fluency, the ability to perceive written information and translate it with a dictionary;
• ability to analyze documents;
• planning work and organizing the labor process;
• ability to make quick decisions.

But they should be used in cases where you do not have practical experience and any achievements.

Skills for Communication Careers

When sending your resume to an emerging vacancy as a sales consultant, you must describe your experience and indicate what you can do. The seller's professional skills may include the following:

• experience in communication and direct sales;
• ability to adapt and find an approach to the client;
• ability to work in stressful situations, under pressure;
• willingness to communicate politely, without imposing one’s own position;
• the ability to step back, but at the same time fulfill your responsibilities;
• ability to solve problems without involving administration.

You need to convince the employer that you can communicate with people and sell products.

But for a psychologist there will be different requirements. You can tell him what he has worked with and what he can do best. He may have the following professional skills:

• diagnostics of personality and relationships;
• solving problems in the team and family;
• conducting tests and interpreting their results;
• conducting trainings;
• solutions to personal growth problems;
• listening, empathy, reassurance;
• finding approaches to each client;
• implementation of psychological rehabilitation measures;
• working with phobias, shocks, stress.

Skills of specialized specialists

The selection of candidates begins with resume assessment. If you want to get an interview, then indicate your main skills, without hoping that a couple of general phrases will be enough. You can see an example professional knowledge for a system administrator resume to understand what needs to be included. The following skills can be distinguished:

• practical experience in installing and diagnosing networks;
• providing technical support and working with clients;
• diagnostics of failures and problems;
• experience working with servers, installing them and configuring them for specific tasks;
• monitoring the operation of systems;
• risk planning and development of IT structure restoration schemes;
• ability to work with Windows programs;
• knowledge of technical English;
• installation of equipment, adjustment of its operation;
• control of the appropriate level of information security;
• working with technical documents.

Don't overdo the listing! Too many declared programs may raise doubts about your level of proficiency in each of them. After all, real competence is not acquired even in one month.

But professional skills in an accountant’s resume may look like this:

• maintaining tax and accounting records;
• knowledge of relevant legislation;
• ability to work with accounting entries;
• inventory skills;
• ability to manage primary documents;
• knowledge of the principles of calculating sick leave and payroll;
• reporting preparation and submission skills;
• knowledge of the Client-Bank system and specialized accounting programs;
• ability to carry out mutual settlements, reconciliation acts.

You shouldn't write about skills you don't possess. After all, this can be revealed at an interview or on the first day of work.

To be an employee or head of a legal department, you must be able to work with documents and search for the necessary information.

As a lawyer, the following professional skills are generally expected:

• ability to draw up and analyze submitted contracts;
• It should list those professional skills that correspond to the vacancy. There is a list of basic characteristics that every modern applicant must have. They are divided into 4 groups. In the first category communicative:
• representation in courts;
• carrying out claim activities;
• drafting legal documents;
• support of the company's activities;
• legal support for the organization’s work;
• representing the company in government bodies and various authorities;
• ability to work with legal documents and legislative bases presented in electronic form.

Having indicated such skills, be prepared to confirm them at the interview.

The employer may ask for specific examples or give you practical problem, the solution of which will require these skills.

Life is a very complex and confusing thing. You can’t live a day without the necessary skills and abilities that make us more productive and happy. In this article we will look at the most necessary skills that a person can have with confidence.

Survival Skills

It's corny, but it's true. Even if in your life you never have to spend the night in the forest and catch fish with your bare hands, sooner or later the question of preparing food or providing first aid medical care will be on the agenda. And now you can get lost not only in the forest, but also in the metropolis.

Self-development

Man by nature is a lazy creature and does not like to leave his comfort zone. If we don't push ourselves to move forward and improve both mentally and physically, we are doomed to failure. This applies to work, personal relationships, health - everything that life consists of.

Ability to make informed decisions

As well as accepting their consequences. Yes, a person is not a robot, he cannot always be guided by cold calculation and iron logic, which is wonderful. But balanced and thoughtful decisions are often the most correct, no matter how you look at them.

Self-discipline

Without it, a person becomes his own worst enemy. Systematic lateness to work, missed deadlines, damaged relationships with people, health problems - there are a lot of consequences.

Ability to correctly express your thoughts

It doesn’t matter - in writing or orally. Until you can clearly convey your thoughts to other people, the chances of being heard and understood are close to zero.

Communication skills

Even if you are a complete introvert, communication with people still awaits you around every corner. You have to contact them every day and you need to be able to do this at the proper level. Without this skill, it is impossible to achieve your goals and objectives in life, which is clearly not part of the plans of a sane person. Yes, many geniuses were sociopaths, but their genius became known after death. Communicate productively!

Information analysis and critical thinking

In our technologically advanced times, the amount of information is simply off the charts. This is not bad, because among it there is a lot of useful and vitally important, but without your critical assessment and systematization it will simply become unusable.

Ability to make money

Yes, happiness does not come from money, but it is also impossible to live without it. It’s not always possible to get the desired position and salary, but this is not a reason to sit on the couch and procrastinate. Moreover, financial independence is the first step towards freedom.

Rest

Without quality rest, there can be no talk of productivity in business. First of all, this is sleep, which we need physically. But psychological relief should also be present: reading books, walks, travel, music - whatever.

Ability to set specific goals

Without them, a person is like a boat in the middle of the ocean in a storm. To achieve anything in life you need to clearly understand your goal and go towards it. Even if it’s something global and will take years, it’s not scary. You just need to make a plan and develop a strategy by breaking one big goal into parts. If it's really worth it, you'll get closer to it every day.

All of the above plays a huge role in our lives, making it more meaningful and successful. None of the skills are given to us at birth; it takes a lot of effort to acquire and develop them.

A good resume should have a focused, presentable and concise summary of skills, knowledge and abilities. This block has at least one important purpose.

Why write about professional skills on your resume?

Your skills are a distillation of your experience. You may have several jobs, serious work experience and a description of the experience may take more than one A4 page. This is a large amount of information and the HR manager will have to study it for a long time to understand whether you fit the requirements of the vacancy or not.

Help the HR manager, do this analytical work for him. This will increase your chances of getting an interview.

The main purpose of a skills list is to show that you are a perfect fit for the job requirements. This is exactly the principle I adhere to when writing a “selling” resume.

What professional skills should you include on your resume?

How to show that you are suitable for a vacancy? There are three rules for describing professional skills and knowledge in a resume:

• Compliance with job requirements.
• Presentability.
• Conciseness.

Compliance with job requirements

Exactly this important rule, which must be followed when writing a resume.

Firstly, position yourself at the “executive-manager” level. Looking at your resume and skills, it should be immediately clear who you are.

In the course of my work, I often have to remove or reformulate many “executive” phrases from the resumes of managers and directors. Correct positioning is an important task.

Secondly, analyze the requirements and responsibilities of vacancies, see the style of phrases and expressions and other nuances. This will help you write professional skills and abilities correctly in your resume. To conduct such an analysis, you just need to find 5-7 interesting vacancies and study them carefully. You can easily copy good wording from job descriptions into your resume.

Presentability

Your skills should sound beautiful and strong. They must sell you, and clear and simple words, facts, figures, professional vocabulary or even jargon.

Here are some examples of professional skills on a resume.

Essentially, you just need to flesh out some skills. Facts are more credible, vocabulary shows your expertise, clarifications describe you better.

Conciseness

• If you write few of your skills, you will get the feeling that you are not an expert.
• If you write a lot, it will be difficult to read the resume, and there is also a risk of falling under the “overqualified” filter.

Common Mistake

Very often I come across a completely wild and faceless list of qualities on a resume:

• Productivity.
• Determination.
• Communication skills.
• Stress resistance.
• Learning ability.
• Initiative.
• And so on.

The sad thing is that almost everyone writes this. This set of qualities, unfortunately, does not guarantee an invitation to an interview and does not make you more valuable in the eyes of HR specialists.

There are two ways to present yourself better.:

1. Delete this entire list and leave only the core job skills.
2. Choose one (the strongest) of your skills and describe it in more detail. If you decide to choose learning, write what exactly you mastered quickly - learned Japanese in 6 months, mastered CRM Axapta in a weekend, completed a BMW car repair course in two weeks and passed the exam with 98%. Specifics and facts are important!

Examples of skill descriptions

Below I will give some examples of professional skills and abilities in a resume. I have selected several positions different levels for this.

accountant

• Experience in accounting and management accounting— 6 years (spheres — wholesale, logistics).
• Experience in setting up accounting and tax accounting from scratch.
• Successful experience in passing tax and audit audits.
• Experience in obtaining loans for a company.
• Knowledge of taxation, currency legislation, Tax and Civil Code, RAS, IFRS, INCOTERMS 2000.
• PC knowledge (Office, 1C 7.7, 8.2, 8.3).

Example of description of professional skills sales consultant

• Consulting and serving customers on the sales floor.
• Registration and delivery of online store goods.
• Checking the serviceability of goods.
• Reception and display of goods.
• Handling complaints (returns, accepting goods for warranty repairs).
• Reporting.

An example of a description of a driver's professional skills

• Driving license category B, D.
• Driving experience - 17 years.
• Excellent knowledge of the city and suburbs of Moscow.
• Experience in minor car repairs.
• Experience of traveling to the European Union, knowledge of rules, laws, paperwork.
• Without bad habits(I don’t smoke, I don’t drink).
• Citizenship of the Russian Federation.

An example of a lawyer's professional skills description

• Experience in legal support of the company (7 years in production).
• Experience in resolving disputes and protecting company interests.
• Experience in pre-trial dispute resolution.
• Knowledge of legal documents (contracts, statements of claim, claims, powers of attorney...).
• Ability to communicate with government agencies and authorities.
• Ability to work with clients.
• Knowledge of current legislation of the Russian Federation.
• English is fluent.

Example of description of professional skills manager (director)

• Higher economic education + EMBA.
• 14 years of experience in production management (wood processing and furniture production).
• Personnel management skills (teams of up to 220 people).
• Thorough knowledge of warehouse logistics and supply.
• Skills in interaction with regulatory authorities (certification, licensing and other tasks).
• Knowledge of laws, rules and regulations of safety, labor protection and environmental standards.
• English language - Upper Intermediate.
• Excellent PC knowledge (specific knowledge of SAP).