For many workers personnel service qualification directory positions managed to become a reference book. Let's talk about the use of ETKS and EKS, as well as their upcoming abolition in connection with the final transition to professional standards.
From the article you will learn:
Qualification directory of positions - managers, specialists, workers - a set of characteristics of the main types of work in professions related to the most different areas economy. Due to his duty, any personnel officer with experience had to contact him. The development and updating of unified tariff and qualification reference books is carried out by the Ministry of Health and social development of the Russian Federation together with executive authorities regulating and coordinating certain economic sectors(Clause 2 of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 787 dated October 31, 2002).
Qualification reference book for positions of workers and employees - 2018: procedure for application
Don't miss: the main article of the month from a practical expert
5 main misconceptions about professional standards.
Status and order practical use Tariff and qualification reference books are determined by Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Thus, according to Part 8 of Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, when grading work and assigning tariff categories to employees, the following are applied:
- a unified tariff and qualification directory of works and professions of workers;
- unified tariff qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees;
- professional standards.
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There are even separate regulatory documents detailing the rules for applying the ETKS (see “Procedure” approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 9 of February 9, 2004). Along with the provisions of the reference books, state guarantees for wages, fixed by federal legislation, are taken into account, as well as the recommendations of the tripartite commission on the regulation of social and labor relations and the opinion of trade unions. Details are in the notes “How to use " And How ».
Important: the requirements of the ETKS and EKS apply primarily to labor relations, therefore, when concluding a civil contract, the employer is not obliged to check the contractor for compliance with the criteria established in the reference books.
Types and current editions of tariff and qualification reference books
Currently, two types of qualification reference books are used - for workers (ETKS) and for employees, managers, specialists (EKS). The need to develop two individual documents arose due to significant differences in the specifics of work assigned to different categories of personnel. Therefore, when establishing tariffs or qualification requirements for blue-collar professions (fitter, foundry worker, welder, etc.), employers turn to the ETKS, a directory of blue-collar professions.
If we are talking about a managerial or official position, the Unified Qualification Directory of positions for managers and employees is used. About tariffication different types works, read the article “How to install ": you will find out why it is so important to know the exact minimum wage, how often salaries should be indexed and whether it is legal to set different salaries for employees occupying the same position.
Unified qualification directory of worker positions
The tariff and qualification reference book, used to determine the complexity and payment of work, as well as to assign categories to workers, consists of more than 70 issues.
Each issue is dedicated to certain areas and areas of the economy, for example:
- No. 5 - geological exploration and topographic-geodetic work (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 16 of February 17, 2000);
- No. 16 - production of medical instruments, instruments and equipment (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 38 of March 5, 2004);
- №24 - general professions chemical production(approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 208 dated March 28, 2006);
- No. 50 - production and processing of fish and seafood (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 73 of October 12, 2000);
- No. 52 - railway, sea and river transport (approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 68n dated February 18, 2013);
- No. 57 - advertising and design, restoration and layout work (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 135 dated March 21, 2008).
Some sections have lost their relevance (issues 30-31, 34, 38-39, 61-63, 65, 67-68), some were put into effect a very long time ago, even by Soviet regulations. For example, the sections “Dry cleaning and dyeing” and “Works and professions of laundry workers”, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions No. 320/21-22 of October 31, 1984, have not yet been updated.
Qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees
The unified qualification reference book for positions of specialists and employees (US) developed by the Institute of Labor was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. Since its approval, the document has been amended and supplemented more than ten times. The current edition of the ETKS is mandatory for all government and municipal organizations(in relation to positions for which professional standards have not been developed). Table "Categories and state civil service"will be useful to personnel officers of government agencies.
The requirements for commercial companies are not as strict. However, Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges all employers, without exception, to refer to professional standards or ETKS when entering staffing table positions associated with restrictions or benefits. In other words, if the enterprise has positions that give the right to certain guarantees ( early exit for pensions, compensation for “harmfulness”, etc.), their names must exactly match the wording of the ETKS or professional standards. Read more about providing benefits to employees in the articles “How to register an employee’s retirement " and "What compensation is an employee entitled to for work during ».
In total, the document has thirty sections. General characteristics positions applicable to employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all industries are given in the first section, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of August 21, 1998. Sections for individual industries follow:
- research, design, engineering and survey areas;
- healthcare;
- education, including vocational;
- culture, art and cinematography;
- labor protection;
- electric power industry;
- architectural and urban planning activities;
- spheres of civil defense and protection of the population from emergency situations, ensuring the safety of people at water, mountain and underground sites;
- geology and subsoil exploration;
- physical education and sports;
- tourism;
- Agriculture;
- state archives and documentation storage centers;
- military units and organizations of the RF Armed Forces;
- centers of metrology, standardization and certification;
- state material reserve systems;
- legal protection of the results of intellectual activity and means of individualization;
- youth affairs authorities;
- road facilities;
- hydrometeorology;
- countering technical intelligence and ensuring information security;
- nuclear energy and floating nuclear power plants;
- conflictology;
- rocket and space industry;
- translation activities;
- forensics;
- bodies of the Federal migration service.
If you pay attention to the dates of publication of orders of resolutions approving sections of the CEN, you will notice that the most “recent” provisions of the directory came into force in 2013. And since then they have not been updated, although previously new sections were added almost every year. The reason for this state of affairs was the transition to professional standards - more convenient and modern system qualification assessments. Details are in the note “How to use ": the expert will explain who will be primarily affected by changes in legislation, how often qualification standards will be updated and how to check an employee for compliance with new requirements.
Question from practice
How in work book Write down the employee’s position if it is not indicated in the classifier of positions and professions?
The answer was prepared jointly with the editors
Ivan Shklovets answers:
Deputy Head Federal service on labor and employment
Indicate the name of the employee's position in the work book in accordance with the organization's staffing table. At formation of staffing to arbitrarily indicate the positions of employees for whom benefits and compensation are established.
For example, work in a particular position may entitle an employee to early retirement. The list of positions in which work gives the right to an early pension is listed in the articles And Law of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ. If the position in the work book does not correspond to the qualification directory, Pension Fund may deny an employee the right to early retirement...
Ask your question to the experts
Unified qualification directory of positions as a predecessor of professional standards
From the system of professional standards, in connection with which additional norms appeared in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 195.1-195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), the unified qualification reference book for the positions of managers, employees and specialists differs not only in format. Professional standards contain clearer and more structured information about the labor functions performed by employees and are fully consistent with the spirit of the times.
Previously, a specialist who received a specialized education could work all his life on the same equipment, using familiar technologies and knowledge that he received at a university or technical school. But modern technologies are rapidly developing, dramatically changing the content of work and the qualification characteristics of the position. We have to radically revise existing norms and introduce new standards. As ETKS and EKS (unified tariff and qualification reference book for positions of managers, specialists and employees) gradually lose relevance, employers are increasingly turning to professional standards for:
- personnel selection;
- training, retraining, certification and career planning of employees;
- drawing up job descriptions and staffing schedules;
- formation personnel policy And tariff schedule for the work performed;
- development of remuneration systems.
Important: professional standard - universal document, establishing requirements for the conditions and content of work, as well as for the skills, knowledge and experience of a specialist.
It takes an average of 9-12 months to develop a “standard” for each individual position, so today, despite active work in this direction, new standards for a number of specialties and types of work have not yet been approved. Consequently, in 2018, it is too early to write off the unified qualification directory of employee positions and the tariff and qualification directory of blue-collar specialties.
But if there is a choice between ETKS (EKS) and the current professional standard (and there are already more than a thousand such positions), preference should be given to the latter. At least because the final abolition of reference books and a complete transition to a system of professional standards, applied taking into account individual industry requirements, is planned for the coming years (see letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 14-0/10/13-2253 dated April 4, 2016).
Transition to professional standards: step-by-step instructions
For commercial organizations professional standards are advisory in nature. They become mandatory only in two cases (like directories):
- when the legislator has established compensation or benefits for a certain type of work, or restrictions are provided for its implementation (Article 57, 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- when the requirements for the employee’s work experience and qualifications are established Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal legislation or other regulatory legal acts (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
In the first case, you should make sure that the name of the position in the staffing table, employment contract, hiring order and other local documents coincides with the wording of the professional standard. Other aspects - features of the labor function, requirements for the level of education and work experience in the specialty - remain at the discretion of the employer. Detailed analysis difficult situations- in the articles “How to maintain the category of a worker according to ETKS, if ", "How to check if professional standard" and "How to overcome the 6 main problems that arise when ».
As for the second category of workers (which includes legal workers, teachers, doctors, and even private detectives), the requirements of professional standards apply to them in full. To understand what specific positions we are talking about, take a look at the table “ , for which the law establishes qualification requirements.”
Organizations, enterprises and institutions budgetary sphere, as well as all extra-budgetary funds, corporations and companies with a state share of more than 50%, are obliged to switch to professional standards, whether they want it or not. To make the transition less painful, it is allowed to introduce new standards in stages (until January 1, 2020, as required by clauses 1.2 of the Russian Government Decree No. 584 of June 27, 2016). To help the personnel officer - articles “When , and when the professional standard. Six controversial situations" and "How will professional standards affect ».
Since the legislator does not regulate the procedure for transition to a system of professional standards, the employer himself decides how to act, based on the needs of the organization and the specifics of its activities.
The whole process can be divided into five successive stages:
- formation working group or a commission in which representatives of key departments (legal and personnel services, accounting, etc.) participate;
- development of a work schedule for the implementation of professional standards;
- familiarizing heads of departments and services with the schedule and legislative framework, in accordance with which the transition is carried out;
- implementation of activities provided for in the schedule;
- summing up the work of the commission and approving the report on the results.
Practical situation
Staffing: how to enter information without errors
The answer was prepared jointly with the editors of the magazine " »
Nina KOVIAZINA answers,
Deputy Director of the Department medical education and personnel policy in healthcare of the Russian Ministry of Health
We have small organization, and there are departments in which one person works. If an employee is a manager, should there be subordinates in the department?
Formally, the Labor Code does not prohibit an employer from creating structural units that consist of only one employee, in particular the head of a department. At the same time, the position of “manager” involves leadership of subordinates. For example, the Qualification Directory provides for such an obligation for the position “Head of the Human Resources Department” (approved ). Qualification reference books are advisory in nature. But there are exceptions...
The full answer is available after free
The first step is to issue an order to establish a commission. The order lists by name all members of the commission (working group), and also indicates the time frame allotted for familiarization with regulatory documentation and development of a schedule.
Download in.doc
Download in.doc
Each protocol is certified by the signatures of members of the working group, including the chairman.
To change the job title, make additions to employment contract or approve new local standards, the director of the company gives a written order (see article “ does not meet the professional standard: what to do"). Fortunately, the law does not prohibit combining orders of the same type into one order and thereby saving resources. The article “Tricks that will make it easier for you to work with » will help minimize labor costs associated with the preparation of orders, contracts, introductory sheets and other documentation.
This section presents the releases of the unified qualification directory of positions for managers, specialists and other employees (hereinafter referred to as the UKS). The CAS is intended for tariffication of work and assignment of tariff categories. Based on the CAS, it is possible to draw up job descriptions and programs for training and advanced training of specialists in various industries and fields of activity. The section was updated on October 17, 2018 - added issues, technical errors corrected.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 31, 2002 N 787 established that the EKS consists of the qualification characteristics of positions of managers, specialists and employees containing job responsibilities and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications of managers, specialists and employees.
The development of the CSN is carried out by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation together with the federal executive authorities, which are entrusted with the management, regulation and coordination of activities in the relevant sector (sub-sector) of the economy (clause 2 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 31, 2002 N 787). Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated 02/09/2004 N 9 approved Procedure application of the EKS.
This section provides a list of those operating in the territory Russian Federation CEN releases current as of June 15, 2014. We also draw your attention to the fact that this directory is often mistakenly called ETKS positions of managers and specialists(see ETKS works and professions of workers).
Positions in alphabetical order
If you know the name of a position from the directory, but do not know in which section of the EKS it is described, then you can use the alphabetical index to quickly find its description:
List of positions by sections of the directory
| Title of the CEN section | Approval document |
| Industry-wide qualification characteristics of positions of workers employed in enterprises, institutions and organizations | Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated August 21, 1998 N 37 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees employed in research institutions, design, technological, design and survey organizations | |
| Qualification directory of positions for managers and specialists of geology and subsoil exploration organizations | Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated December 20, 2002 N 82 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of standardization, metrology and certification centers authorized to exercise state control and supervision | Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated January 29, 2004 N 5 |
| Qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and other employees of electric power industry organizations | Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated January 29, 2004 N 4 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of managers and specialists in architecture and urban planning | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 23, 2008 N 188 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of institutions of the state material reserve system | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated 05.05.2008 N 220 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of specialists carrying out a range of work in the field of legal protection of the results of intellectual activity and means of individualization | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated July 23, 2008 N 347 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of youth affairs agencies | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated November 28, 2008 N 678 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of managers and specialists of air transport organizations | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated January 29, 2009 N 32 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of managers and specialists of road management organizations | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2009 N 47 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of hydrometeorological service workers | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2009 N 48 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of territorial bodies of the Federal Migration Service | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated March 11, 2009 N 107 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of managers and specialists in ensuring information security in key information infrastructure systems, countering technical intelligence and technical information protection | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 22, 2009 N 205 |
| Qualification characteristics of certain categories of employees of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated November 24, 2009 N 919 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of nuclear energy organizations | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated December 10, 2009 N 977 |
| Qualification characteristics of the position "Conflict specialist" | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated December 22, 2009 N 1007 |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of workers in the healthcare sector | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated July 23, 2010 N 541n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees in the field of education | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated August 26, 2010 N 761n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of managers and specialists of higher professional and additional professional education | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated January 11, 2011 N 1n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of workers in culture, art and cinematography | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated March 30, 2011 N 251n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of workers in the field of physical culture and sports | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated August 15, 2011 N 916n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of agricultural workers | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 15, 2012 N 126n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of tourism organizations | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated March 12, 2012 N 220n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of rocket and space industry organizations | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2012 N 328n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of state archives, documentation storage centers, archives of municipalities, departments, organizations, laboratories for ensuring the safety of archival documents | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 11, 2012 N 338n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of specialists carrying out work in the field of translation activities | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated May 16, 2012 N 547n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of specialists carrying out work in the field of labor protection | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated May 17, 2012 N 559n |
| Qualification characteristics of positions of specialists performing work in the field of forensic examination | Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated May 16, 2012 N 550n |
| Qualification characteristics positions of workers carrying out activities in the field of civil defense, protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies, ensuring fire safety, safety of people on water bodies and underground mining sites | Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated December 3, 2013 N 707n |
Download all issues of the EKS in one archive from our website, unfortunately, on this moment it is forbidden. However, you can find the positions you are interested in using the alphabetical index of positions or the rubricator of CEN issues operating in the Russian Federation.
All-Russian Classifier of Worker Occupations, Employee Positions and Tariff Grades (OKPDTR)
(adopted by Decree of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of December 26, 1994 N 367) (as amended NN 1/96, 2/99, 3/2002, 4/2003)
All-Russian Classifier of Worker Occupations, Employee Positions and Tariff Grades (OKPDTR), which is integral part Unified system classification and coding of information (ESCC) of the Russian Federation, prepared as part of the implementation State program transition of the Russian Federation to a system of accounting and statistics accepted in international practice in accordance with the requirements of the development of a market economy.
OKPDTR was developed to replace the All-Union Classifier of Worker Occupations, Employee Positions and Tariff Classes (OKPDTR) 1 86 016.
The classifier is intended to solve problems related to estimating the number of workers and employees, taking into account the composition and distribution of personnel by categories of personnel, skill level, degree of mechanization and working conditions, issues of ensuring employment, organization wages workers and employees, calculation of pensions, determination of additional needs for personnel and others at all levels of management of the national economy in conditions of automated information processing.
The objects of classification in OKPDTR are the professions of workers and positions of employees.
OKPDTR consists of two sections:
blue-collar professions;
employee positions.
First section - blue-collar professions- includes professions of workers in accordance with the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Work and Professions of Workers (UTKS), as well as professions of workers whose rights and responsibilities are provided for in charters, special provisions and relevant regulations regulating the composition of professions in sectors of the economy.
Second section - office positions- developed on the basis of the Unified Nomenclature of Employee Positions, the Qualification Directory of Positions of Managers, Specialists and Employees, current regulations and others regulatory documents on issues of remuneration, taking into account the names of positions used in the economy. The titles of civil servants' positions are given in accordance with Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation "On public positions of the Russian Federation" No. 32 and "On the register government positions federal civil servants" No. 33 of January 11, 1995
Each classifier position consists of three blocks:
- identification block;
- block of the name of the classification object;
- information block.
The identification block is built using a serial-ordinal coding system for classification objects. The classification object identification block includes five digital decimal places and a check number.
The control number was calculated in accordance with the current Methodology for calculating and applying control numbers.
Structure of the code designation of a worker's profession (employee position) in the classifier:
To code a worker's occupation, code values corresponding to 1 or 3 are used. To code an employee's position, a code value corresponding to 2 is used.
The classification object name block is a unified record of the name of a specific profession of a worker or position of an employee.
In each section, the names of classification objects are arranged in alphabetical order.
The information block of workers' professions includes facet codes that characterize the correspondence of the worker's profession to the ETKS issue number (two characters) and certain positions All-Russian classifier classes (OKZ) OK 010-93. The last facet indicates the basic group of classes in OKZ and includes four signs.
In addition, the OKPDTR information block includes seven facets that characterize the professions of workers according to the following criteria:
- types of production and work in accordance with ETKS releases - two characters, facet 01;
- tariff categories - one character, facet 02;
- qualification classes (categories) - one sign, facet 03;
- forms and systems of remuneration - two signs, facet 04;
- working conditions - one sign, facet 05;
- degree of labor mechanization - one sign, facet 06;
- derived professions - one sign, facet 07.
An example of coding according to OKPDTR for the profession of a turner:
19149 6 02 7223 5 12 1 2,
where: 1 - profession;
9149 - turner;
6 - control number;
02 - 2nd issue of ETKS;
7223 - basic group for OKZ (machine operators on metalworking machines, machine tool and equipment adjusters);
5 - 5th tariff category;
12 - piecework-bonus wage system;
1 - normal working conditions;
2 - a worker who performs work using machines and mechanisms.
Facet 07, which characterizes the degree of qualification of workers (senior, assistant), is used for various professions in accordance with current regulatory documents.
The information block of employee positions includes faceted codes corresponding to the position category (one character) and also certain positions of the OKZ (four characters). Three facets characterize positions according to the following characteristics:
- job categories - one character, facet 10;
- derived positions - two signs, facet 11;
- qualification categories (classes) - one sign, facet 12.
A feature of facets 11 and 12 is the alternative nature of their application for various positions, since derivative positions do not provide for qualification categories. Thus, depending on the position, facet 11 or 12 is chosen.
An example of coding according to OKPDTR for the position of deputy head of the financial and economic department:
24695 1 1 1231 03,
where: 2 - position;
4695 - head of department (financial, economic and administrative);
1 - check number;
1231 - basic group for OKZ (Heads of financial, economic and administrative divisions and services);
03 - derivative position - deputy.
Between the objects of the OKPDTR and OKZ classification, connections have been established that allow each OKPDTR object to be assigned to the corresponding OKZ grouping. In general, each profession of a worker or position of an employee can be unambiguously assigned to a specific group of occupations. However, due to the fact that the concepts of “occupation”, “profession”, “position” are different, in some cases, in order to establish an unambiguous connection between OKPDTR and OKZ, it is necessary to use explanations for the groupings of OKZ. These explanations should also be used when coding derived professions of workers and positions of employees.
The composition and sequence of arrangement of facets of the information block are determined by the specifics of specific tasks solved using the classifier.
In the information block, codes and names of other all-Russian classifiers of technical and economic information can also be used as additional features.
The OKPDTR adopts the following form of material arrangement:
in the section "Professions of workers"
| Code | CC | Name of profession | Range of tariff categories | ETKS issue code | OKZ code |
in the section "Positions of employees"
When developing unified forms of documents that use classifier codes, a mandatory reference to OKPDTR must be provided.
The system for maintaining the classifier provides for the interaction of the Research Institute of Labor and the Central Bank of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Labor of Russia with the VNIIKI of the State Standard of Russia.
There is a world great amount areas of activity, skills and positions. Due to such diversity, the employer often faces difficulties both at the level of personnel management and at the level of personnel documentation. In such cases, they come to the rescue unified directories and classifiers. In the article we will discuss what the 2020 occupational classifier with the Russian Federation decoding is and the 2020 unified tariff and qualification reference book. Let's take a closer look at the reference book of qualification characteristics.
Basic Concepts
Working with unified forms, HR specialists often find themselves at a loss due to the abundance of terms and abbreviations related to job directories. Let's look at them.
| Name | Abbreviation | Resolution | Content | Target |
| Unified tariff and qualification reference book for 2020 occupations of workers | ETKS | Ministry of Labor dated May 12, 1992 No. 15a | Characteristics of the main types of work by worker professions | Tariffication of work, assignment of categories |
| All-Russian classifier of professions and positions 2020 | OKPDTR | State Standard of the Russian Federation dated December 26, 1994 No. 367 | Professions of workers, positions of employees | Statistics (estimate of the number of workers, distribution of personnel, etc.) |
| Unified qualification directory 2020 |
EKS | Ministry of Labor dated 08/21/1998 No. 37 | Job titles and qualification requirements | Unification of labor regulation standards |
These documents are interconnected. The general classification of positions and professions for 2020 is the basis of the EKS 2020. OKPDTR 2020, in turn, takes the first section of the ETKS 2020 blue-collar professions as the basis. There is no ETKS 2020 for managers and specialists as such, therefore the second section of OKPDTR is based on a unified nomenclature of employee positions.
What is a qualification directory of positions
The Unified Classification Directory of Positions of Specialists and Employees (USC) is a list of qualification characteristics (job responsibilities and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications) of managers, specialists and employees, depending on the field of activity. Additional sections of the CEN are introduced by relevant orders of the Ministry of Labor. To date, the latest is Order No. 225n dated May 10, 2016, approving “the qualification characteristics of employees of military units and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.” The frequency of updates to the directory is not regulated by law. Thus, the document amended by the above Order is currently the qualification directory for the positions of workers and employees 2020.
What is it for?
The EKS, which is based on the All-Russian Classification of Occupations of White-collar Jobs, was compiled with the aim of developing universal standards for the organization of labor. In fact, this document helps the employer competently build the structure of the organization. The qualification characteristics optimize the following functions:
- selection and placement of personnel;
- vocational training/personnel retraining;
- rational division of labor;
- determination of job responsibilities and areas of responsibility of personnel.
The personnel worker relies on the 2020 Classification of Jobs and Professions when working with documents such as staffing schedules, job descriptions, regulations on departments, etc. OKPDTR classifier (2020) with a search by name is posted on the website of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.
How to use it
The EKS is applicable to any enterprise, regardless of their form of ownership or organizational and legal forms of activity. However, the law does not oblige, but only recommends that the employer be guided by this document in personnel work. The procedure for applying the CAS was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor dated 02/09/2004 No. 9. In accordance with it, qualification characteristics form the basis of the job description and include three sections:
- job responsibilities (list of job functions assigned in whole or in part);
- must know ( specialized knowledge, knowledge of regulations, methods and means for performing job duties);
- qualification requirements (level of professional training and work experience).
It is allowed to distribute the responsibilities that make up the qualification characteristics among several employees. The assessment of an employee's compliance with qualification characteristics is carried out only by the certification commission.
What to use - a qualification reference book or a professional standard
As we found out, an employee’s qualifications consist of his knowledge, abilities, skills and experience. A professional standard is a narrower concept and is defined as “a characteristic of the qualifications necessary for a worker to perform a certain type of work.” professional activity, including performing a certain labor function" ( Art. 195.1 Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In addition, professional standards, unlike the CAS, can be mandatory. Corresponding amendments were made to the Labor Code by Federal Law dated May 2, 2015 No. 122-FZ. According to Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to operate with professional standards if the qualification requirements for an employee to perform job functions are dictated by the Labor Code, federal law or other regulations. In other cases, the application of professional standards is recommended, but not required.
The qualification directory of positions for workers and employees in 2019 is used to establish responsibilities and assign a rank to an employee, and conduct certification. These guides differ for workers and managers. We will tell you in the article which reference books to use and in what cases.
Qualification directory of positions of workers and employees in 2019: types
The employer himself decides what job title and profession to approve for the employee. But if an employee applies for compensation or benefits, then the name of his position must correspond to the qualification directories (paragraph 3, part 2, article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). For example, when granting the right to early retirement or additional paid leave.
In Russia, there are two reference books that employers should follow:
- ETKS – Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Blue-collar Professions;
- EKS - Unified qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees.
That is, a unified qualification directory for positions of workers and employees in 2019 was not approved. The current two directories differ in the specifics of the work of different categories of employees.
Why are ETKS and EKS needed?
- assign a tariff category to workers and employees;
- establish the salary of civil servants;
- conduct certification and determine whether the employee is suitable for the position held and qualification requirements;
- develop proper instructions;
- prepare a program of advanced training courses.
Please note that the EKS and ECTS directories have not been updated for a long time. This is due to the fact that they are being replaced by professional standards. Read how to switch to professional standards at the end of the article.
The job description must list all the responsibilities assigned to the employee in accordance with the practice of distribution of labor functions that has developed in structural unit. When compiling this section, you can use the All-Russian Classification of Occupations OK 010-2014 (MSKZ-08), adopted and put into effect by order of Rosstandart dated December 12, 2014 No. 2020-st, and the Qualification Directory approved by Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated August 21, 1998 No. 37.
You can also be guided by approved professional standards. These documents provide an approximate list of the responsibilities of various positions. How to accurately prepare a job description >>>
Qualification directory for positions in 2019
The Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Working Professions (UTKS) is a voluminous document. It was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor dated May 12, 1992 No. 15a and includes 72 issues. Each issue is divided into sections in which positions are combined according to some characteristic: type of activity, industry National economy where they are used. Eg:
Issue 1 section “Professions of workers common to all sectors of the national economy” (approved by Resolution of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated January 31, 1985 No. 31/3-30);
Issue 2 sections: “Foundry work”, “Mechanism work”, “Enameling”, etc. (approved resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated November 15, 1999 No. 45);
Issue 3 section “Construction, installation and repair work” (approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated 04/06/2007 No. 243), etc.
Please note that some sections of the ETKS have already lost force. These are issues 30-31, 38-39, 62-63, 65, 67-68. Some of the sections were introduced by Soviet regulations and have not been updated for a long time. For example, issue 17, section “Production of abrasives” (approved by resolution of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated 02/08/1983 No. 20/4-41).
Qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and employees – 2019
The EKS was approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor dated 08/21/98 No. 37. It was developed on the basis of the All-Russian Classifier of Jobs and Professions - OKPDTR (Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated 12/26/94 No. 367).
The CEN includes a list of qualification characteristics (job responsibilities and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications) of managers, specialists and employees, depending on the field of activity.
The directory has 30 sections. General characteristics of positions of employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all industries are described in the first section. The remaining sections contain information for individual industries:
- healthcare;
- research, design, engineering and survey areas;
- education, including vocational;
- culture, art and cinematography;
- labor protection;
- electric power industry;
- architectural and urban planning activities;
- the sphere of civil defense and protection of the population from emergency situations, ensuring the safety of people at water, mountain and underground sites;
- geology and subsoil exploration;
- physical education and sports;
- tourism;
- agriculture, etc.
Note that the EKS and ECTS directories have not been updated for a long time, and this is not accidental. Because officials are gradually introducing professional standards to replace them. What are their differences from EKS and ECTS, read below in the article.
The employee worked at the company as the supervisor of one of the production shifts. One day he learned that his colleagues - those who were in charge of the other two shifts - had higher salaries. The employee was indignant: people work in similar positions, do identical work, but for some reason their salaries are higher. This is discrimination, the employee decided and went to court. He demanded that the company review his salary upward, give him the money he did not receive, and transfer compensation for the delay in salary. The company refused to raise the employee's salary. In court she stated that there were no grounds for this, and
Replacement of ECTS and EKS with professional standards
Qualification reference books will soon become a thing of the past; they will be replaced by professional standards. For example, they already exist for welders (List 2, approved by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR dated January 26, 1991 No. 10). Unlike ECTS and EKS, professional standards contain more specific information on position or profession.
Like qualified reference books, it is necessary to apply the professional standard in two cases. First - the requirements for the employee’s position are established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal law or other normative act. The second is when an employee is entitled to compensation or benefits for a certain type of work, or restrictions are established in connection with work in a specific position.
Transition to professional standards: step-by-step instructions
At the legislative level, the procedure for transition to professional standards is not regulated. We recommend following this algorithm.
Step 1. Approve the working group. To do this, issue an order to establish a commission (see sample 1). Its participants will introduce professional standards into the organization’s work process. The number and composition of commission members is not limited. But it is better that these are employees of different departments and structures. For example, include a lawyer, personnel officer, chief accountant, etc. in the group.
Group responsibilities include:
- selection of professional standards for positions and professions that the company has;
- reconciliation of labor functions in job descriptions and professional standards;
- development of draft new job descriptions;
- preparing a report on the work done, etc.
And don't forget about the deadlines for group members to complete the event. For convenience, you can draw up a schedule for the implementation of professional standards.
Order on approval of the working group
Step 2. Change job descriptions. Make adjustments to employee job descriptions and clarify them labor functions, requirements for the level of education and work experience will be required if they differ or diverge from what is written in the standard. Approve new job responsibilities in a separate order.
Step 3: Develop a training program. To do this, issue an order defining who, where and when will improve their qualifications. If you need average or higher education, foresee in advance at whose expense the employee will be trained. Be sure to reflect this provision in internal documents.
Step 4. Conduct employee certification. This step is optional. But based on the results of certification, it is possible to determine whether the knowledge, abilities, skills and experience of employees meet the requirements of professional standards.
If the company does not have a separate certification policy, then develop one first. To do this, issue a separate order. It will reflect the deadlines for certification and approve the composition of the commission. Also determine who and when will draw up the lists of employees who will pass the qualification exam. But remember that employees need to be notified about the certification in advance.
Certification can be in any form: testing, questionnaires, interviews, exams, etc. If it shows an insufficient level of qualifications, the employer has the right to transfer the employee to another position.
Step 5. Record the transition to professional standards. This event involves a large amount of paperwork, so document the decisions of the working group in separate protocols.
Each protocol must be certified by all group members. To make changes to the job title and additions to the employment contract, issue an order and sign it from the director.
New approved professional standard for accountants
The professional standard expanded labor functions and changed the requirements for education and work experience. Since April 6, a new professional standard “Accountant” has been in effect. It added accountants of I and II categories. Whether the employee meets the new requirements or not is checked during independent assessment qualifications.
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