Project planning. Example of a social project

A project sample is a set of drawings collected in one document and representing a model of an object. In our case, at home or household. the buildings. On this page we have presented a sample of a finished house project.

Compound project documentation depends on the object - its architectural, engineering, design features. Also on the number of floors and options such as garage, basement, basement, terrace. The number of pages in the finished project also depends on the complexity of the object.

Externally printed and formatted according to the standard, the project is a document of 6-12 pages in A3 format. It is endorsed by the seal and signatures of the architect who performed the work and the chief architect.

Main components of the finished project:

• foundation plan and ground floor;
• floor plans (including attics);
• floor plan (if available);
• incision (1 or 2, as necessary);
• roof plan and top view;
• facades with elevation marks;
• color scheme of facades;
• visualization of an object in perspective.

Any ready-made project from our catalog is similar to the proposed sample and contains the sections listed.

The projects that our company offers, that is, the package of documents that the customer receives in hand, is sufficient for the construction of a house or household. construction set of drawings. This is a package of documents according to which the customer receives a construction permit, begins and successfully completes construction. Both independently and with a contractor.

Ready project when printed, it is an A3 album of 6-12 pages.

If you have any questions, please contact the contacts indicated in the header of the site.

03.03.2017

Steps from "A" to "Z" for beginners and experienced

Project: a set of planned actions taken to solve the problem of a specific target group, limited in time and resources, with specific results.

Social project: a program of real action, the goal of which is aimed at solving a pressing social problem in society, and the objectives are for positive results and changes in society.

Basic requirements that the project must meet:

relevance– the reason, the basis for the implementation of the project must correspond to the requirements of the time, a separate target group or other aspects that explain the emergence of the project idea;

time– the project must be limited in time;

resources– the project must have a clear description of the needs;

quality and results assessment– the scale for assessing the effectiveness of the project is determined in accordance with your goals, but the results you strive for must be clear, amenable to analysis and comprehension.

Projects can be simple and complex, short-term and long-term, with a limited and substantial budget, risky and with completely manageable risks, with different results. In any case, the project is aimed at solving a specific problem. The project must be systematic, logical and adequate, that is, each section must correspond to all the others (tasks must correspond to the goal, the mechanism must correspond to the goals and objectives, the budget must correspond to the goals, objectives and mechanism, etc.).

How to write and format a project? Steps from "A" to "Z"

Step #1: Decide on an idea, analyze the problem.

What would you like to change?

What and in what way (in the most general terms) would you like to achieve?

What problem do you want to solve?

We wrote down the answer → moved on to defining the sphere project activities, defining the problem you will work on.
Analyzed the problem → determined what you want to change → a project idea arose → move on to detailing and describing the project.

Step #2: Write the goal of the project.

Target - general description expected results and expectations, the highest point of achievement that the organization strives for during the implementation of the project. A goal is a course of action to achieve the desired result.

The goal should be formulated in such a way that its achievement completely solves the problem that has arisen. The formulation of the goal should be based on the formulation of the problem. We can say that the goal is the problem in reverse.

Ask questions for the purpose of your project:

Is there an exact expression of what exactly should be the result of the project?

Will we be able to see and measure the results of the project as a whole and its individual parts?

Is the goal realistic? Is it possible to achieve the stated goal given the available resources?

What benefits or benefits will be obtained as a result of achieving the goal by the project team and other stakeholders?

Step #3: Write the project objectives.

Project objectives- these are specific steps that need to be taken to change the existing situation for the better, these are steps to achieve the goal.

INimportant to remember! There can be several tasks, all tasks are steps towards achieving a goal, interconnected and related to the goal of the project.

Use verbs. For example, if you need to build a house, then the tasks will be: lay a foundation, erect walls, build a roof, conduct communications, make interior decoration etc.

Check. Objectives must completely cover the solution to the problem (the set goal).

Analyze. Tasks must be effective (as a result, changes after the project consist of specific results).

Step #4: Check the goal and objectives according to the smart criterion.

We look at our goal and objectives, check them according to the SMART criterion, and adjust them if necessary.

	Specificity
	Measurable
	Achievable
	Rewarding
	Time bound

For example: Goal: “Construction of a house” - can be specified according to the SMART criterion as follows: “Construction and commissioning of a 2-story, 6-apartment building for families of young professionals in the village of Vychegda by the second quarter of 2014.”

Step #5. We build a logical chain of actions from tasks.

We have determined the goal and objectives → Let’s start planning: how it will all happen.

From each task we build a logical chain of actions: how we will achieve the result. Sometimes it helps to draw the entire chain of actions and tasks in order to understand the logic of the project in each direction.

For example, if we are talking about building a house for the families of young professionals, then our task blocks may be related to:

directly by construction

agreements with government authorities

with work with target audience– families of young professionals

working with the press on PR of the project and the event in general.

This logical chain will help us write a project schedule in its logical sequence.

Step No. 6. We write an action plan, a work schedule.

The plan determines the order in which all work will be performed: it describes what, who will do it and when, in a logical sequence + makes it clear what resources are needed. When planning, you can use various forms, schedules, plans.

For example: Project implementation plan. Example No. 1

Project implementation plan. Example No. 2

Project implementation plan. Example No. 3

It will also be useful to make a network plan - schedule.

Step #7. We calculate how much our project will cost.

Each stage of the project requires a certain cost Money and resources:

how much money is required to implement the project? What will they be spent on?

From what sources is the money expected to be received? Grants, subsidies, sponsorships, etc.?

This section of the project must relate very closely to other sections of the project, especially the implementation mechanism and project schedule.

Possible cost estimate for the project:

	Name of items and expenses	Cost calculation	Financial costs for the project
			Available funds	Requested funds

The “budget” (estimate) must be itemized.

Main expenses:

rental of premises and utility payments

travel and transportation expenses

equipment

communication and communication

holding special events

publishing costs

Consumables

and other direct costs that directly go to your project.

"Other expenses"- this is an optional item that is included in the budget if there are expenses that are not reflected in other items. This article must be especially carefully argued.

"Salary"- turns on directly wages project personnel and specialists hired temporarily under a contract, as well as “Accrual of taxes on income” - 35.8% of general fund remuneration of personnel and attracted specialists.

Need to pay Special attention to the last three columns in the budget table: “available funds”, “requested funds”, “total”. The “available funds” column should indicate the funds that you and your organization are investing in the implementation of the project. For example: the involvement of volunteers as staff or external specialists must be reflected in the budget item “salaries” in the “available” column, and the amount will correspond to the costs that the organization would have incurred if paid employees had participated in the project implementation instead of volunteers specialists.

If the organization, you or sponsors provide any office equipment for the implementation of the project, then in the “available” column it is worth indicating its approximate cost, taking into account its service life.

In the “required” column, it remains to indicate the amount of funds that the organization lacks to implement the project.

Step #8. We write the results.

When drawing up an action plan and calculating a budget, we may realize that the results may be even greater than we planned. It is important that our results correspond to the purpose of the project.

In a project, the results can be written down in text; here we suggest you fill out a worksheet to determine the results:

Quantitative result(what will be done?) - records the number of services provided, participants in events, recipients of specific assistance, number of books published, etc.

Quality result(what will change?) - should reflect the positive changes that will occur as a result of events, provision of services, etc.

Efficiency- Are the results obtained commensurate with the efforts expended?

The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of a project are results that demonstrate how well the developers understand what they are striving for and how they will achieve it.

Step #9. we draw up the project.

A completed project usually contains the following sections:

Brief summary of the project: briefly describe your idea (3-5 sentences), goals, results (no more than 1 A4 sheet, 12-14 font)

Detailed description of the project:

The relevance of the problem, why your project is important and necessary.

Goals and objectives of the project.

Target group of the project: who is your project intended for, for whom are you doing it.

Project implementation mechanism: stages, substantive activities, events, etc.

Schedule plan for project implementation (remember about visibility, schedules are welcome).

Budget (estimate).

Specific expected results (quantitative and qualitative), criteria and methods for evaluating results, the effect of the project in the long term.

Possible further development project, if expected.

applications (photo materials, diagrams, sketches, etc.)

The design of the project text is as important as its content. Use large font (at least 12 font) and one and a half spacing. Highlight the main points, structure the text to make it easier to read, use headings and subheadings, bold fonts and underlining, bulleted lists, etc.

If you need to make a presentation:

for each section no more than 1-2 slides;

the font should be as large as possible and readable even from afar, the title and text of the presentation slides should be printed in the same font, it is recommended to use a font size of at least 20 in the presentation;

when using a light background, the font should be black or a very dark shade of other colors (brown, blue); when using a dark background color, the font is white;

To solve some social problems, social projects are created within the framework of which various issues are resolved. But before considering social projects, it is necessary to decide what they are. What features do those aimed at young people have? What are you interested in? Social projects at school, examples of their implementation? Or senior-oriented projects? Let's say, social projects for young people, examples of their implementation?

project?

A social project is understood as a clearly formulated idea regarding a specific or aimed at improving some aspect of social life. But in addition to the idea, he must also propose ways of its implementation, answering questions about when it will be implemented, where, on what scale, and who will be the main target group of the project. An example of a social project that will be published below will help you understand what it is. Also, in addition to these issues, it is necessary to resolve the issue of financing (you can do without it, but it will be difficult). Usually there are 2 ways of financing: when it is financed by project participants from their own funds or sponsorship from an entity with significant financial resources.

Social projects include proposals for reforming the system social security, social protection, healthcare, overcoming the consequences of social and natural shocks. Goals in such projects are outlined immediately and can be edited only when intermediate results are achieved in order to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of activities. If we talk about social projects for young people, examples of their implementation, they are not very different in general, but there are some features (although we can say that they are common to one degree or another for all projects).

What features do projects aimed at youth have?

The most important feature is that they are aimed exclusively at young people and aspects of their lives. When creating a youth social project, it is necessary to take into account popular trends, needs, and the potential audience of the project. Each specific situation that needs to be improved should be described in detail, as well as all specific methods and their application. Examples of school social projects are not fundamentally different.

What should the project comply with?

The project must meet the following conditions:

1. There should be no contradictions in the ideas put forward and methods of implementation.
2. It must be possible to implement it under the given conditions.
3. Must be created on scientific basis using the scientific method during each stage. We can say something about social projects for schoolchildren; examples of them should be able to interest these restless children.
4. It must provide a response to the social order that has arisen in society.
5. The implementation plan must be effective and such that it will achieve the goal.
6. This should be a socio-cultural project, an example of which, even at the development stage, can interest young people.

How should a social project be formalized?

What should be in the project? First you need to choose a direction. The area of ​​work may be health, creativity, demographic issues, health improvement, scientific or cultural awareness, popularization of sports or better attitude to other people. After choosing a direction, you should decide on the goal: for example, if science was chosen, then the specific goal could be the popularization of radio electronics, engineering, physics, the scientific method of study, the creation of a logical thought club or an astronomical circle.

After determining your goals, you need to think about tasks - the most concentrated goals. An example of tasks could be the following: instilling qualities that will allow difficult teenagers at risk to settle in life as a normal citizen, or helping in determining a place of study/work after graduation. When the direction, goals and objectives are determined, then the action plan and implementation deadlines should be discussed, as well as the place where all the developments will be put to life. The action plan should contain as detailed a list of actions as possible, which will indicate what should be done to achieve the goals. To give you a better idea of ​​what is required of you, here are four social projects for young people.

Examples will follow. But although they say what they are aimed at (youth, orphans), they can be considered as social projects at school. The examples, although not very large-scale, will allow you to get acquainted with the nominal component. It is advisable to involve a school psychologist in the work.

Example of a social project for youth No. 1

Direction: marital relationships of young people.

Target. Reduce the number of people who divorce after being married by preparing and explaining the responsibilities and rights of future spouses.

1. Explain what marriage is, what responsibilities and rights each spouse will have.
2. Help distribute future responsibilities now so that there is no friction later.
3. Help find reasons why young people want to get married and determine whether they understand what it means.

We need a step-by-step plan that describes all the actions and their sequence.

Implementation period: indefinitely.

Place of implementation: city such and such.

Example for youth No. 2

Direction: support of motherhood and prevention of orphanhood.

Goal: providing assistance to refuseniks and minor orphans who are being treated in the hospital.

1. Attracting public attention to this problem due to the fact that most people are not informed about its existence.
2. Collection of funds, material assistance, toys and medicines, for transfer to the hospital with subsequent use to restore health to refuseniks and minor orphans.
3. from the state budget or from charitable foundations for the improvement of refuseniks or orphans who are staying in medical institutions.
4. Drawing attention to the problem of children without parents in order to convince people to adopt children.

A detailed plan that describes the details of finding funds and transferring them.

Place of implementation: Children's Regional Hospital of Samara.

Example for youth No. 3

An example of a social project suitable for a school or youth group.

Direction: youth with congenital defects and disabilities in universities.

Goal: achieving socialization of physically distinct students.

1. Promoting the full socialization of project participants.
2. Interaction with organizations that carry out social protection for such people.
3. Help in social and cultural life.
4. Help aimed at overcoming spiritual and physical loneliness.
5. Influencing the formation of an adequate attitude in society towards youth with special needs.
6. Creating conditions where young people with special needs can safely engage in creative activities.
7. Implementation of creative rehabilitation.
8. Search, testing and implementation of new rehabilitation methods.

Detailed plan.

Implementation period: indefinitely.

Place: university in such and such a city.

Social projects for schoolchildren, examples of their implementation may differ - for them you can choose to help disabled children who study in regular schools.

Last update: 02/17/2020

Reading time: 24 min. | Views: 40308

Hello, dear readers of the online magazine about money “RichPro.ru”! This article will talk about how to write a business plan. This publication is a direct instruction to action, which will allow you to turn a crude business idea into a confident one. step by step plan to implement a clear task.

We'll consider:

• What is a business plan and why is it needed?
• How to write a business plan correctly;
• How to structure it and write it yourself;
• Ready-made business plans for small businesses - examples and samples with calculations.

To conclude the topic, we will show the main mistakes of novice entrepreneurs. There will be a lot of arguments in favor of creating quality And thoughtful business plan that will bring your idea to fruition and success things in the future.

Also, this article will provide examples finished works, which you can simply use or take as a basis for developing your project. Ready-made examples submitted business plans can be download for free.

In addition, we will answer the most frequently asked questions and clarify why not everyone writes a business plan, if it is so necessary.

So, let's start in order!

The structure of a business plan and the content of its main sections - a step-by-step guide to its preparation

1. How to write a business plan: detailed instructions on how to write it yourself 📝

7. Conclusion + video on the topic 🎥

For every entrepreneur who wants to develop himself and develop his business, a business plan is very important. He performs many important functions that no other person can do differently.

With its help you can secure financial support and open and develop your business much earlier than you can raise a significant amount for the business.

Investors react mostly positively to a good, thoughtful, error-free business plan, because they see it as a way to make easy money with all the troubles invented and described.

In addition, even before the establishment opens, you see what awaits you. What risks are possible, what solution algorithms will be relevant in a given situation. This is not only favorable information for the investor, but also a necessary plan if you get into trouble yourself. In the end, if the risk calculation turns out to be too daunting, you can slightly redo it, transform the general idea in order to reduce them.

Creation good business plan is an excellent solution for seeking investment and development own algorithms actions even in the most difficult situations, of which there are more than enough in business.

That is why, in addition to our own efforts It’s worth using “other people’s brains”. A business plan involves many sections and calculations, research and knowledge, only with successful operation, which can achieve success.

The ideal option would be to study all aspects yourself. To do this, it is not enough to sit and read the relevant literature. It is worth changing your social circle, turning to courses and trainings, finding specialists for consultation on certain issues. This is the only way really figure it out in the situation and dispel all your doubts and misconceptions.

A business plan is worth writing for many reasons, but home- this is a clear algorithm of actions by which you can quickly get from point A(your current situation, full of hopes and fears) to point B(in which you will already be the owner of your own successful business stably and regularly generating income). This is the first step towards achieving your dreams and secure middle class status.

If you have any questions, you may find answers to them in the video: “How to draw up a business plan (for yourself and investors).”

That's all for us. We wish everyone good luck in their business! We will also be grateful for your comments on this article, share your opinions, ask questions on the topic of publication.

Project planning is continuous, refined throughout life cycle the process by which it is determined The best way achieving set goals and objectives, taking into account the current and changing situation. A competent project plan, taking into account the specifics of the product, market features and trends, consumer preferences, risks and other factors, allows you to avoid ineffective expenses even at the concept and development stage. Such planning does not always provide positive results, but even negative conclusions bring great benefits.

The first task of writing a plan is to give an immediate impetus to the launch project process. The project plan must convince decision makers that the idea is cost-effective, that its implementation will meet expectations, timelines, budget, etc. If the development is not convincing even at the plan level, the project may not make it beyond the initial stage. And vice versa - successful plan immediately forms the reputation of the project manager and provides solid grounds for launching the implementation of the process.

The project plan is drawn up according to a standard general scheme, but the content of the document is always unique, since the combination of product characteristics and the conditions for its implementation is unique. The project execution plan includes action guidelines for all project team and gives instructions:

• by volume of work,
• by priority,
• on the choice of management techniques,
• according to quality standards,
• in the form of maintaining communication with interested parties,
• according to performance measurement criteria, etc.

1. Background of the project.
2. Tasks and goals.
3. Scale.
4. Boundaries (restrictions).
5. Assumptions (assumptions).
6. Influences and dependencies.
7. Risks and problems.
8. Strategies and techniques.
9. Means and methods of controlling time, resources, quality, scale.
10. Communications.
11. Delivery schedule.
12. Productivity and its measurement.
13. Realization of benefits.

A standardized layout simplifies movement through a document, which, when implementing large plans, can occupy hundreds of sheets. A logical, coordinated, structured order of project planning stages can also simplify the process of working with a plan. If, for example, you don't document the elements that are included in the scope, you may find that there is no common understanding among project participants about who is releasing what. And if the level of quality is not specified, it may turn out that the quality that is sufficient for the manufacturer may not be sufficient for the client.

Lack of proper detail leads to errors, but an excess of details with numerous repetitions interferes with understanding the content of the project. Therefore, the project defense plan is usually tested on students who have no prior knowledge of the project, with the involvement of representatives of a general audience. The background added to the project plan will help fit the implementation program into the general context, and a glossary, decoding of abbreviations and technical abbreviations will make it easy for anyone to understand the essence of the project without involving third-party information sources.

Domain planning

The subject area here is the set of products and services that should be produced as a result of the completion of the project. Project planning in the subject area includes the following procedures:

• Analysis of the current state.
• Clarification of the basic characteristics of the project.
• Confirmation of project success criteria and problems.
• Analysis of assumptions and limitations that were accepted at the initial stage of the project.
• Determination of project outcome criteria at the intermediate and final stages.
• Building a structural decomposition of this area.

In the process of project life, the elements that make up this area may undergo changes. Work goals and characteristics can be clarified both when intermediate results are achieved, and also at the project development stage.

Project time planning

The basic concepts of this parameter: deadlines, duration of work, key dates, etc. The coordinated work of the participants is organized on the basis of calendar plans - design and technical documents that determine the list of project works, the relationship between them, sequence, deadlines, performers and resources. While working on a project, a work schedule is drawn up for the stages and levels of management for the entire life cycle.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

WBS is a graphical display of the hierarchy of project work - the first stage of project scheduling. In essence, WBS is the division of a project into such parts that are necessary and sufficient for planning and effective control. Drawing up a hierarchical structure requires compliance with the following rules:

1. The execution of work at the upper level is achieved through the execution of work at the lower level.
2. A parent process can have several child jobs, the execution of which automatically terminates the parent process. But for a child job there is only one parent job.
3. The decomposition of the parent process into child activities is carried out according to a single criterion: either by the resources involved, or by type of activity, or by stages of the life cycle, etc.
4. At each level, equivalent child works must be collected. Criteria for identifying their homogeneity can, for example, be the volume and time of work performed.
5. When constructing the structure as a whole, it is necessary to apply different decomposition criteria at different hierarchical levels.
6. The sequence for the decomposition criteria is chosen so that the maximum most of interactions and dependencies between jobs ended up at the lower levels of the hierarchical structure. Work at higher levels is autonomous.
7. The breakdown of work is considered complete if the lower-level work is clear to the manager and project participants, and the ways to achieve it are clear. final result and its indicators, responsibility for the execution of work is clearly distributed.

Based on the WBS, a list of project works is created. And then the sequence of their implementation, relationships using organizational and technological models and the duration of the work are determined.

Duration of work

The duration of work is determined on the basis of standards, based on personal experience(when there is an example of similar work), based on calculation methods for project planning. Such methods include, for example, the PERT event analysis method, used when there is uncertainty in estimating the duration of operations. There are, however, various ways project time management.

• PERT. The method is considered as a weighted average three types forecasts: optimistic, expected and pessimistic. After establishing the duration for each forecast (using a formula and/or involving experts), the probability of each forecast is calculated. And then the values ​​of each of the forecasts and their probabilities are multiplied, and the values ​​are added.
• Network diagram. A network diagram is a display of activities and dependencies between them in graphical form. More often it is presented in the form of a graph, the vertices of which are the design work, and their sequence and interrelationship is demonstrated by connecting arrows.
• Gantt charts. This is a horizontal chart displaying project work in the form of segments, oriented according to the calendar. The length of the segment corresponds to the duration of the work, and the arrows between the segments indicate the relationship and sequence of work.

In addition, in each project, work is optimized according to time criteria, and schedules are approved. The general goal of methods when planning project time is to reduce the duration of the project without losing the quality of its components.

Project workforce

In this part of planning, the amount of available resources is first determined. This is done by compiling a list of performers, their availability and the possibility of their participation in the project.

Then performers are assigned to each project work, defining their area of ​​responsibility. Often in the calendar plan at the distribution level labor resources contradictions arise. Then the contradictions are analyzed and eliminated.

Project cost

There are several stages in project cost planning:

1. At the first stage, the cost of using resources is determined, each project work and the project as a whole. The cost of the project here becomes the total cost of resources and work performance. Factors taken into account include the cost of equipment (including leased equipment), labor of full-time employees and those hired under contract, materials, transportation, seminars, conferences, training costs, etc.
2. The second stage involves drawing up, agreeing and approving the project estimate. The project estimate here is a document that contains the justification and calculation of the total cost of the project. It is produced, as a rule, on the basis of the amount of necessary resources, volume of work, etc.
3. The third stage includes drawing up a budget, its coordination and approval. The budget imposes restrictions on resources and is drawn up as:

• bar charts of costs and cumulative costs,
• linear diagrams of cumulative costs distributed over time,
• pie charts of expenses,
• calendar schedules and plans,
• cost distribution matrices.

At the same time, management budget risks is discussed in a separate section of project planning.

Risk planning

This section describes the processes involved in identifying, analyzing, assessing and developing risk responses. Risks are characterized by 3 parameters:

• risky event
• the probability of a risk event occurring,
• the amount of losses if the risk factor materializes.

A simple risk planning method is implemented following the following sequence of actions:

1. Risk identification. For this purpose, not only experts are involved, but also everyone who will help detect potential vulnerabilities of the project.
2. Determining the probability of risk realization. Measurement is made in percentages, shares, points and other units.
3. Classification of risks based on the significance of each specific risk for the project and its place in the hierarchy. Those that have a high probability and significance for the project as a whole are considered priority.
4. Planning measures to reduce the likelihood of each individual risk, indicating the employees responsible for this.
5. Planning for eradication measures negative consequences in case of risk realization with the appointment of responsible persons.

When creating a project, a plan must be written regardless of the area in which the enterprise operates: from production projects and the field of IT technologies to landscaping and city improvement work. However, project planning itself is not “suspended in the air”, since it is preceded by project initiation, but is completed by the transition to the direct execution of the project.