Presentation of decorative art by skilled craftsmen. Presentation of decorative and applied arts

Slide 28

View all slides

Abstract

Baydakova Elena Borisovna

Art teacher

GBOU Secondary School No. 1955, Moscow

Lesson objectives:

Equipment:

TCO: computer, screen, projector,

Materials and tools:

Progress of the lesson.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Teacher's introductory talk

Decorative arts section; covers a number of creative industries that are devoted to the creation of artistic products intended primarily for everyday use.

1. Batik - hand painting on fabric.

Tapestry (fr. gobelin), or trellis, is one of the types of decorative and applied art, a one-sided lint-free wall carpet with a plot or ornamental composition, hand-woven by cross-weaving threads.

Thread graphics (name options: isothread,

thread image, thread design) -

graphic technique, creating an image with threads on cardboard or other solid base.

Bone carving is the art of carving ornaments, figures and works of art from bone

Ceramics (ancient Greek κέραμος - clay) - products from inorganic materials (for example, clay) and their mixtures with mineral additives, manufactured under high temperature followed by cooling.

Knitting is the process of making products (usually clothing items) from continuous threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle) or on a special machine (mechanical knitting).

Macrame (fr. Macramé, from Arabic. - braid, fringe, lace or Turkish. - scarf or napkin with fringe) - knot weaving technique.

Jewelry art - (from the German Juwel - precious stone) the production of artistic products (personal jewelry, household items, cult items, weapons, etc.) mainly from precious materials (gold, silver, platinum)

Artistic processing of metal is a type of decorative and applied art, the production of various objects from metal, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

Pyrography - a technique when a pattern is applied to the surface of any material using a hot needle. Wood is mainly used as a material, so pyrography is commonly known as wood burning.

Stained glass (fr. vitre- window glass, from lat. vitrum- glass) is a work of decorative art of a fine or ornamental nature made of colored glass, designed for through lighting and intended to fill an opening, most often a window, in any architectural structure.

Beading is a type of arts and crafts, handicraft; creation of jewelry, art products from beads.

4. Test work.

Slides 21 - 26.

Answers: slide 27.

6. Lesson summary. Grading.

Baydakova Elena Borisovna

Art teacher

GBOU Secondary School No. 1955, Moscow

"Decorative and applied arts and people"

Lesson objectives:

Introduce arts and crafts.

Develop creative thinking and emotional perception.

Equipment:

TCO: computer, screen, projector,

Materials and tools: White paper A-4, watercolor, eraser, pencil, notebook

Progress of the lesson.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Teacher's introductory talk

Write the topic of the lesson in your notebook (Slide 1)

Arts and crafts- decorative arts section; covers a number of creative industries that are devoted to the creation of artistic products intended primarily for everyday use.

(Slide 2 – write down the definition in your notebook)

Works of decorative and applied art can be: various utensils, furniture, fabrics, tools, weapons, clothing, all kinds of decorations. (Slide 3)

Slide 4. Main types of decorative and applied arts:

1. Batik - hand painting on fabric.

(Main types of decorative and applied arts:

1. Batik - write in a notebook.)

Slide 5. 2. Tapestry - write it down in a notebook.

Tapestry (fr. gobelin), or trellis, is one of the types of decorative and applied art, a one-sided lint-free wall carpet with a plot or ornamental composition, hand-woven by cross-weaving threads.

Slide 6 3. Thread graphics - write down in a notebook.

Thread graphics (name options: isothread,

thread image, thread design) -

graphic technique, creating an image with threads on cardboard or other solid base.

Slide 7. 4. Artistic carving:

A. Stone carving - write in notebook

Stone carving is the process of giving a stone the required shape and appearance. finishing using sawing, turning, drilling, grinding, polishing, engraving (cutter, ultrasound).

b.Wood carving - write it down in a notebook

Wood carving is one of the types of artistic wood processing.

V. Bone carving - write it down in your notebook.

Bone carving is the art of carving ornaments, figures and works of art from bone

5. Ceramics - write it down in your notebook.

Ceramics (ancient Greek κέραμος - clay) - products from inorganic materials (for example, clay) and their mixtures with mineral additives, manufactured under high temperature followed by cooling.

6.Embroidery - write it down in a notebook.

Embroidery is a well-known and widespread handicraft art of decorating all kinds of fabrics and materials with a variety of patterns, from the coarsest and densest, such as cloth, canvas, leather, to the finest materials - cambric, muslin, gauze, tulle, etc.

7. Knitting - write it down in a notebook.

Knitting is the process of making products (usually clothing items) from continuous threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle) or on a special machine (mechanical knitting).

8. Macrame - write it down in a notebook.

Macrame (fr. Macramé, from Arabic. - braid, fringe, lace or Turkish. - scarf or napkin with fringe) - knot weaving technique.

9. Carpet making - write it down in a notebook.

Carpet making is the production of carpets. A carpet is an artistic textile product, usually with multi-colored patterns or images, serving mainly for decoration and insulation of premises, as well as for sound absorption (silence).

10. Jewelry art - write it down in a notebook.

Jewelry art - (from the German Juwel - precious stone) the production of artistic products (personal jewelry, household items, cult items, weapons, etc.) mainly from precious materials (gold, silver, platinum)

11. Artistic processing of leather - write down in a notebook.

Artistic processing of leather is a type of decorative and applied art, the production of various items from leather, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

12. Artistic processing of metal - write down in a notebook.

Artistic processing of metal is a type of decorative and applied art, the production of various objects from metal, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

13. Pyrography - write it down in a notebook.

Pyrography (literally: "painting with fire")- a technique when a pattern is applied to the surface of any material using a hot needle. Wood is mainly used as a material, so pyrography is commonly known as wood burning.

14. Stained glass - write it down in a notebook.

Stained glass (fr. vitre- window glass, from lat. vitrum- glass) is a work of decorative art of a fine or ornamental nature made of colored glass, designed for through lighting and intended to fill an opening, most often a window, in any architectural structure.

15. Beading - write down in a notebook.

Beading is a type of arts and crafts, handicraft; creation of jewelry, art products from beads.

4. Test work.

Slides 21 - 26.

Answers: slide 27.

Raise your hands who has all 6 answers correct? Well done for lesson 5 in the journal.

Raise your hands who has 5 correct answers? Well done for lesson 4 in the journal.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myx0zKwj0vw Ribbon embroidery FLORAL RHAPSODY

6. Lesson summary. Grading.

Homework: Prepare a presentation about any type of arts and crafts.

Decorative and applied arts (from Latin deco
- decorate) - a wide section of fine art
art, which covers various branches
creative activities aimed at
creating artistic products with utilitarian
and artistic functions. Collective
the term conventionally combines two broad genera
arts: decorative and applied. In contrast
from works of fine art,
intended for aesthetic pleasure and
related to pure art,
numerous manifestations of decorative and applied creativity can have practical
use in everyday life.

History of the development of applied art

Characteristics of arts and crafts:

Classification of branches of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Types of decorative and applied arts:

Antonina Nikolaevna Lysenko
Presentation “Decorative and Applied Arts of Russia”

Slide 1:"Decorative and applied art of Russia."

Slide 2:

Dymkovo painting.

From the high bank of the Vyatka River, on which the city of Kirov stands, you can see the settlement of Dymkovo across the river. In winter, when the stoves are lit, in summer, on cloudy days, when there is fog, the whole settlement is as if in smoke, in a haze. Here, in ancient times, this toy originated.

Toys are made from clay. Then chalk is diluted in milk and the toys are whitened. And then it’s time to paint them. The pattern is unusually simple: circles, straight and wavy stripes, cells, spots, dots. But the colors are bright, bright: crimson, red, green, yellow, orange, blue.

In the beginning there were whistles. Craftswomen sculpted them for the fair. From a small clay ball with holes, the whistle turned into a duck, a cockerel, or a skate. Many years passed and then they came up with the idea of ​​sculpting other toys from clay: clay horses, turkeys, little sheep in pants, young ladies and gentlemen, strange deer, etc.

Slide 3:

Gzhel.

Gzhel is the most famous Russian folk ceramic craft.

The Moscow region of 30 villages, which is located 60 kilometers from Moscow, has been famous for its pottery since the 16th century.

The first documentary mentions of a settlement on the banks of the Gzhelka River were found among the letters of Ivan Kalita. The word “Gzhel” comes from hoary antiquity, when a whole region with numerous villages of different names was called Ognel, Akzhel, Zhgel - putting into the names a certain meaning of “Burn”, “Roast”.

Gzhel porcelain includes vases, tableware in sets, serving items, table and interior decorations, sets, as well as various souvenirs.

The main elements of Gzhel painting are “wide and narrow stripe”, “dot”, “wave”, “bush”, “petal”, “mesh”, “leaf”.

Slide 4:

Gorodets painting.

On the banks of the Volga stands the glorious and ancient city of Gorodets.

Residents of Gorodets and surrounding villages were famous as skilled carpenters and woodcarvers. Forests provided the material from which everything was made: from children's toys and cradles to ships.

Over time, craftsmen began to paint boxes, toys, dishes, furniture and even parts of the house - shutters, doors, gates.

Gorodets painting - how could we not know it?

There are hot horses here, well done.

There are such bouquets here that it is impossible to describe.

The stories here are like nothing in a fairy tale.

Slide 5:

Khokhloma painting.

Once upon a time there lived a miracle master in the Nizhny Novgorod forests. He built a house on the river bank and began making and painting wooden dishes. His patterned cups and spoons looked like gold. The fame of this dish reached Moscow and then spread throughout the world. And then the master gave the secret of the “golden utensils” to the residents of the village of Khokhloma, and he himself disappeared...

In the old days, people ate from wooden utensils. In the village of Khokhloma, skilled craftsmen made wooden dishes and painted them with beautiful paintings, sending them to other cities. People liked this dishware for its brightness, festiveness, and patterns. Cups, spoons, and ladles were a great success. Later they began to make children's furniture.

Like the sorceress Firebird,

Doesn't go out of my mind

Sorceress-craftswoman,

Golden Khokhloma!

Slide 6:

Vologda lace.

The ancient Russian city of Vologda, whose history began in the 12th century, can rightfully be considered the keeper of the ancient traditions of the culture of the North. Vologda lace has gained well-deserved fame and wide recognition for its high artistry, decorative richness, and perfection of execution techniques.

Vologda lace consists of a large, expressive pattern, made of dense, continuous, smooth linen of equal width, clearly outlined against the background of patterned lattices. The fabric is thick, often colored. In addition to motifs of flowers and leaves, motifs of horseshoes, scallops, and fans are often found in the ornament.

Vologda is covered with white snow,

The blizzard spreads lace right under your feet.

Northern colors scatter sparkles,

Snowy tales - lace tales.

Slide 7:

Filimonovskaya toy.

This toy originated in the Odoevsky district of the Tula region. And it got its name from the village of Filimonovo.

One of the legends says that the potter Philemon came to these places, discovered deposits of excellent clay and began to sculpt pots and toys from it. The place where he settled was called Filimonovo.

There is even a fairy tale about grandfather Philemon: the grandfather was walking along the road. He climbed from mountain to mountain, from hill to hill. He walked, he walked through dense forests, the sun was shining brightly. It got hot, and then there was a stream. He sat down on a pebble, and then there was clay. He turned it over in his hands - it turned out to be a bird, pierced the holes - the bird began to sing. This is how the “clay business” has been going on since then.

As a rule, men only made dishes, and women sculpted and painted toys. Toys or “fun” cost pennies at the market, so it was necessary to make a lot of them. The women were helped in their work by girls who were taught the craft from the age of 7-8. They worked in the winter in their free time from rural work.

Slide 8:

Polkhovsky Maidan.

POLKHOV-MAIDAN PAINTING - production of painted turning products in the village of Polkhovsky Maidan, the village of Krutets and the village of Voznesenskoye, Nizhny Novgorod region.

Turning products of the masters of this craft - nesting dolls, Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, cups, supplies - are generously decorated with rich ornamental and plot painting. Among the pictorial motifs, the most common are flowers, birds, and animals.

When painting, pure bright colors are used, for example, blue, red, yellow, which, when mixed and superimposed on each other, give no less bright and beautiful red, green and purple colors. The painting is carried out according to a previously made contour, which is applied using ink.

Slide 9:

Bogorodskaya toy.

Variegated wooden chickens on a stand, figurines of blacksmiths, a man and a bear - pull the bar and they will knock with hammers on a small anvil... Funny toys, known in Rus' since time immemorial, have become the main folk craft for residents of the village of Bogorodskoye near Moscow.

All toys are made from linden, which is dried for about four years. The wood is soft and easy to work with. After drying, the tree is sent for cutting.

The blanks are marked according to patterns and cut out with a Bogorodsk knife and chisel. An experienced craftsman takes about 15 minutes to complete one product.

Most of the craftsmen at the factory are women, despite the fact that the work is difficult, requiring endurance and constant physical effort. The next stage is assembling the toy. The most colorful and final stage is coloring.

The symbol of fishing is a man and a bear.

Slide 10:

Zhostovo painting.

The history of the Zhostovo craft dates back to the beginning of the 19th century, when workshops for the production of painted lacquered items from papier-mâché arose in a number of villages near Moscow (Zhostovo was one of them). The appearance of the Zhostovo painted tray is associated with the surname of the Vishnyakov brothers. The founding date is considered to be 1825. A little later, iron trays also began to be painted. To produce Zhostovo trays, thin roofing steel is used. After this, the trays are primed, sanded and coated several times with oil varnish, usually black, drying each layer in an oven.

Then the craftsmen paint the trays by hand with oil paints without using stencils or samples, relying on their imagination. The main motif of the painting is a floral bouquet of a simple composition, in which large garden and small wildflowers alternate. Painting is usually done on a black background (sometimes on red, blue, green, silver) and the master works on several trays at once. First, shading is done (the main silhouettes of the bouquet, then straightening: shadows are applied, light places are painted, dense strokes, highlights are applied, thin lines - leaf veins, stamens, and then large flowers are connected with smaller elements of the pattern with herbs, stems, etc. , last of all, the ornament located on the sides is applied (i.e., cleaning). After painting, Zhostovo products are again coated three times with colorless varnish, dried in an oven, and polished with a fine powder by hand to a mirror shine.

Slide 11:

Kargopol toy.

Kargopol is an ancient city in the Arkhangelsk region. Previously, it was a widely known large trade and cultural center of the Russian North. Majestic temples and cathedrals remain from those times. Now these are protected places where original Russian culture, art and crafts are still preserved.

The toys of Kargopol masters are mostly single figures, sometimes two or three characters, connected by a single plot and some simple action. They are a little clumsy and heavy: strong peasant women, men, birds, horses. Like all peasants, Kargopol potters plowed the land, grew grain on it, kept livestock, and in their free time sat at the potter's wheel. They made dishes of different sizes, and their leftover clay was used to make toys. One of the favorite figures was that of a bear - the owner of the forest, a cheerful joker who knows how to play the accordion.

The Kargopol toy contains many fairy-tale and mythological images: amazing animals and birds. One of the most interesting images is the half-horse, half-man “Polkan”. This is an image of goodness, a hero who helped people grow bread. Polkan’s arms are strong, his chest is powerful, there is the sun on his chest, his legs are fast, like a horse’s.

The push-pull figurine consists of two horses - white and black. The horse is one of the most revered domestic animals among peasants. The white horse is the messenger of light and warmth, the black horse represents the dark side.

Slide 12:

To the subtlest shades of nature,

To the richest colors of the earth

The hands of the people touched

And they found the secret of magic.

All the beauties of our native expanses

The miracles of the masters are hidden.

In the light music of Russian patterns

People's talent is blooming!

Slide 13:

How much joy for the heart,

What a joy for the eyes,

The craftswomen are growing up,

Perhaps among us too.

You play, my accordion,

You, friend, sing along,

1 slide

2 slide

“Work is good if there is benefit and soul in it. It’s not gold that is expensive and glitters, but it’s precious that was created by the hands of a master.”

3 slide

4 slide

The Moscow region is rich in folk traditions and various folk crafts. The most famous among them is Zhostovo, which is famous for its painted lacquer trays. . In Russia, the first lacquered metal trays were made in the Urals at the beginning of the 18th century. In 1830. In Zhostovo, the production of iron trays was founded, which were in high demand. Forged metal products are primed, sanded, varnished, then painted with oil paints and varnished. “Zhostovo brushes” On a Zhostovo tray In the mirror surface of varnish Rye copper of ears, Steppe blush of poppy. Crimson of late leaves. The forest snowdrop is the first... And Zhostovo brushes are more tender than light willow.

5 slide

Palekh painting is a lacquer miniature reflecting the life of the people, Russian epics, and nature. In their works, masters create the beauty of their region. At the end of the 19th century, icon painting became widespread. On its basis, black-lacquered miniatures arose - these are lacquer boxes, furniture, and utensils.

6 slide

A miracle with blue flowers, Blue petals, Blue flowers, Delicate swirls. On white porcelain, Like on a snowy field, From under a white snowball. Blue flowers are growing. Really, really, haven’t you heard of Gzhel? The village of Gzhel is located southeast of Moscow. Local historians associate the origin of this name with the word “burn,” which is directly related to the craft - clay products were necessarily fired in an oven at high temperatures. People from 40 professions take part in the production of objects. Almost all operations are performed manually. Craftswomen paint products with great love, putting a piece of their heart and kindness of soul into them.

7 slide

A variety of Gzhel, marvelously beautiful enamel painting, which originated at the end of the 18th century. in Rostov. Translated, enamel (Greek) means a light, shiny stone. Indeed, snow-white plates made of glassy alloys, fired at high temperatures, are as hard as stone, and the painting on them shines preciously. The exposition of the Rostov Architectural Museum-Reserve presents the works of old masters: breastplate icons, images, so-called fractions - enamel inserts that decorated church utensils, here are also the best products of modern craftsmen - women's jewelry with floral paintings, miniature portraits and landscapes on tiny boxes.

8 slide

Eight wooden dolls, chubby and ruddy, in multi-colored sundresses, they come to visit us. Guess what the name is? They are known in all cities and villages - this is an original Russian souvenir for foreigners. The first nesting doll appeared almost 100 years ago. A toy maker (V. Zvezdochkin) from Sergiev Posad made a disassembled toy and painted it. The result was a Russian nesting doll, a prototype of Matryona (a name that was very common at that time). All nesting dolls are different from each other; today they carry images of famous people.

Slide 9

10 slide

Since ancient times, wooden products have been made and painted in the Trans-Volga forest villages of Novopokrovskoye, Kulichino, Semenovo, Khryaschi. And their name is Khokhloma. Wooden goods are being transported to the large trading village of Khokhloma. From there, cups and spoons scattered like firebirds across the ground. Khokhloma painting was used to decorate various household utensils: dishes, spinning wheels, boxes. Khokhloma brush! Thank you very much! Tell a fairy tale for the joy of life! You are like the soul of the people, beautiful, You, like the people, serve the Fatherland!

11 slide

Having originated 30 km from Khokhloma, Gorodets painting immediately found its channel. Where in Khokhloma four colors ruled the day, Gorodets colors glowed with their entire palette. Khokhloma paints were heated and subjected to heat treatment. Gorodets painting is cold. What about the drawing itself? Scenes of “bourgeois life”. This is how the glory of Priuzol carvers and painters rolled down from the bottom of the distaff throughout Russia. After the revival of crafts, painting was transferred from spinning wheels to new forms: salt shakers, cutting boards, toys, children's furniture, etc.

12 slide

Toy making occupies a special place in the artistic crafts of Central Russia. Back in the 17th century. The production of toys was carried out by art workshops at the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, where carvers, sculptors, and carpenters worked. Later, a handicraft industry for making toys (horses, Troikas, ladies) arose in this area. This center still retains its leading position in the production of such toys. What is Dymkovo famous for? With his toy. There is no smoky light in it, but there is the love of people...

Slide 13

Ceramic toy is a traditional folk art. To this day, figured vessels, toys, and ceramic dishes are made in many cities and villages (Filimonovo, Torzhok, Sergiev Posad, etc.).