slide 2
Modern man uses the funds computer science at every step - at home, at work and leisure. Digital photos, digital video and television, digital music and animation, transmission of information at a distance, processing of huge data arrays, and so on.
In recent years there have been huge changes in human life. The flows of information surrounding a person change the person himself. A person does not have time to follow these changes. Life is getting more and more interesting. There are so many new and interesting things around...
slide 3
What is informatics?
Informatics is the science of methods of obtaining, accumulating, storing, transforming, transmitting, protecting and using information. It includes disciplines related to information processing in computers and networks: both abstract, such as the analysis of algorithms, and quite specific, such as the development of programming languages.
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Practical implementation of informatics - Information Technology- include the actual computer technology, system and application programming, information transmission networks and much more.
slide 5
Informational
technology
Where do you think you use information technology in your life?
slide 6
Digital photography
Digital television
Digital Music
Internet
Slide 7
Information technologies - processes, methods of searching, collecting, storing, processing, providing, disseminating information and methods for implementing such processes and methods.
Slide 8
How well do you know the Internet?
What is INTERNET?
The Internet is a global network that operates according to "single rules" and unites millions of computers and thousands of computer networks around the world.
What is a protocol?
A protocol is a set of pre-agreed rules for transferring data between two devices. The main parameters described by the protocol include the type of error checking used, the method of compressing (compressing) information (if any), the method for determining the end of transmission by the transmitting device, the method for determining by the receiving device the fact of receiving a message.
Slide 9
What is IP?
IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol. One of the main protocols used on the Internet. The operation of the IP protocol can be compared to the operation of ordinary mail. The purpose of the IP protocol is to deliver packets to their destination, and it is not at all necessary that all packets go to the destination in the same way. The IP protocol defines the packet format and addressing scheme.
What is an IP address?
An IP address is when sending information via TCP / IP protocols, each computer connected to the Network must have its own unique address (otherwise, how will the IP protocol understand which machine to which packets should be transferred to). It's called an IP address. Currently, numeric IP addresses consist of four integers (from 0 to 255) separated by dots, such as 193.243.158.4.
Slide 10
What is a domain name?
A domain name is a name that identifies one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name www.vn.ua corresponds to the IP address 193.243.158.4. Domain names are constituent parts URLs pointing to specific web pages. Each domain name has a suffix identifying the top-level domain to which the name belongs. This suffix comes last (.com, .net, .edu, .org, etc.).
What is HTTP?
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol used in distributed information systems hypermedia. It defines how messages are formatted and passed, and what actions Web servers and browsers should "take" in response to certain commands.
slide 11
slide 12
Internet 2011 in numbers: 2 billion users online
More than two billion people on the planet use the World Wide Web. It is noteworthy that almost half of active Internet users live in Asian countries.
Nearly 1 billion Internet users (922.2 million) live in Asia, according to a global analysis by The Royal Pingdom. At the same time, it is interesting that the penetration of the Internet among the population of Asian countries is only 23.8%.
dependent on world wide web residents of European countries. 476.213 million Europeans know what the Internet is (58% of the total population of European countries). The most Internet dependent users live in North America. 272.066 million use the Internet, with a network penetration of 78%. Slightly behind their "northern counterparts" are residents of Latin America and the Caribbean - 215.939 million network users. Internet penetration for this part of the world is 36.2%.
The fewest Internet users are in Australia and Oceania - only 21 million. Interestingly, even 11 years ago, the most “lagging” region was the countries of the Middle East (only 3 million Internet users), and now in this region 68.553 million citizens know and actively use the international network
slide 13
Better a Corvette on a table than a Pentium in a dream.
Proverbs that are paraphrased in a computer way
Each new program is a well-forgotten old one.
Everything new is well forgotten old.
They are greeted by computers, escorted by programs.
By clothes they meet by mind they see off
A gift computer is not looked into the system unit.
They do not look at a given horse's teeth
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
Not all that WINDOWS that hangs.
Not all that glitters is gold.
What is removed from the basket is gone.
What fell from the cart is gone.
View all slides
Tatiana Rudchenko, Sofia Traktueva
The Institute of New Technologies in Education (INT) has been working on the formation of the content of education and educational and methodological kits (or complexes?) in modern mathematics for elementary school for more than ten years. Today we are ready to talk about one of our new courses.
| A. L. Semenov, T. A. Rudchenko, O. V. Shcheglova "Computer science. Mathematical foundations of thinking and communication". In October, the Moscow Textbook Publishing House went out of print with the Informatics-1 and Informatics-2 sets for the first and second grades, and materials for the third grade will be published by the next academic year. The course for the first class is designed for 32-35 hours of study, that is, for the entire academic year, subject to one hour per week, or for one half-year, if two hours per week are allotted for classes. For the second and subsequent classes, the course is designed for 60-64 hours, and the lessons in the course are supplemented project activities on information technologies. INT specialists provide methodological support for the course, conduct consultations and seminars. Teachers who are starting to work with the course are invited to take part in a special seminar. seminar will take place in the beginning of November. |
Informatics course. The mathematical foundations of thinking and communication can be used in combination with a mathematics course, providing that modern component that is not always successfully interspersed in the fabric of mathematics textbooks for elementary schools in recent years. In addition, this course can be used both as a separate course for the development of thinking, and as a component of a single course "Mathematical Informatics and Information Technology for Primary School".
The course "Informatics" is a continuation and development of the INT training set "Mathematics and Language: The Beginnings of Education" and is offered for primary education according to any method (including the Elkonin-Davydov and Zankov methods for programs 1-3 and 1-4). The course was tested in a number of schools in Moscow and regions of Russia, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, entered the work, awarded the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of education.
The course is based on a number of principles:
clear "rules of the game", equally understood by the teacher and the student,
reliance on graphic and physical objects learning activities,
language acquisition, i.e. reliance on the means of communication as the main area of real applications of mathematical structures,
· introduction of the whole range of basic concepts of modern computer mathematics on the material of graphical examples, and not in the form of formal definitions for memorization.
There is the science of computer science, or theoretical computer science (to which this course is devoted), and there is information technology. Modern information technology relies heavily on the use of the computer. In this sense, computer science and the computer are inseparable. It is also true that many information technologies are not worth studying without a computer. It is also known that many problems and results of modern theoretical informatics arose in connection with the use of computers in real life.
However, the importance of theoretical computer science as a science goes beyond the study of computers. This computer science course is not computer related. Mastering the fundamental concepts that underlie the information culture and not necessarily related to the computer is one of the objectives of this course. This course can be used even if your school does not have a single computer.
Will the knowledge gained from this be useful to the future user of computers and other information technology tools? We are sure yes.
Is our course useful if your class has information technology lessons in parallel? Yes. What exactly can be included in this block is demonstrated by the program of the Institute of New Educational Technologies "Computer Science for Primary Education" described in this issue of the journal, according to which classes are conducted with teachers within the framework of the MIPKRO courses. In this regard, it is useful to recall that the Moscow basic curriculum provides for the possibility of two teachers working in the same class at the same time, so classes with children can be conducted jointly as a teacher. primary school and computer science teacher.
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Organization and content of an integrative course for teachers "Informatics for elementary school" (72 hours) All classes are practical workshops where students work on a computer, as well as perform projects on the material of LEGO sets or notebooks. The work is carried out in subgroups. 1. Computer environment for teaching typing and practicing spelling "Klaviator" - 12 hours. 2. Course "Computer science. Mathematical foundations of thinking and communication" - 12 hours. 3. Logo's creative educational environments primary school- 16 hours. 4. Role-playing games and project-thematic approach in elementary school. Lego pedagogy - basic ideas and mechanisms - 12 hours. 5. Organization project activities- 12 hours. 6. Overview software tools for primary education - 4 hours. 7. Organization of project activities (end). Group work - 4 hours. |
Is a computer useful in studying our course? Yes, and published in the journal "Computer Science and Education" (No. 6, 1998) training program"Computer Science 1-4" not only integrates theoretical computer science and information technology, but also provides students with computer skills and other information technology skills that can (and should) be applied by students in the study of various subjects. Thematic planning educational material can be found on the INT website http://www.school.edu.ru/int/soft/inf2.html, and in the Teacher's Book No. 2.
It seems promising and such a way of building education in elementary school, in which computer science, technology, the world around us and art are combined into one area (it could be called " The world"). In this case, it is possible to plan educational activities, built around separate "projects" - such as "My name", "My family", etc.
The study of this course in parallel with the main courses of the Russian language and mathematics makes it possible to improve the quality of the study of traditional topics in these courses by forming in children another, "informational" point of view and developing their thinking and communication skills. This perspective should not be forgotten; if you teach computer science and basic courses at the same time, then identifying possible interdisciplinary connections is in your hands. If you do not teach the main subjects, try to introduce the main teacher to our course.
How the course works
| Data structures; basic operations and relations on them atomic objects - symbols of different alphabets (sameness; properties - color, shape) Languages Processes Construction of an object according to the description -– a system of conditions Real objects, languages and processes As real languages are used (for some - only alphabets) Russian, English and other main European, Georgian, Armenian and other neighboring countries, Greek, Hebrew, pre-reform Russian, Old Church Slavonic (Glagolitic and Cyrillic), Korean, Japanese, Chinese. Alphabetical chains of Russian and other languages; hyphen, apostrophe; letter names Statistical text analysis |
How notebooks and a textbook are arranged
The kit for each class includes notebooks for the student and a textbook, a book of projects, as well as Toolkit- A teacher's book.
The textbook is a book that defines the concepts of the course, and its pages are sheets of definitions. Each definition sheet contains new object, property, a definition of a new concept is given. These definitions are given with the help of examples, mainly (and at first exclusively) - graphic.
Notebooks for the student contain sets of tasks on the topics presented in the textbook.
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In recent years there have been huge changes in human life. The flows of information surrounding a person change the person himself. A person does not have time to follow these changes. Life is getting more and more interesting. There are so many new and interesting things around... Modern man uses computer technology at every step - at home, at work and leisure. Digital photography, digital video and television, digital music and animation, transmission of information at a distance, processing of huge amounts of data, and so on.
slide number 3
Description of the slide:
What is informatics? Informatics is the science of how to obtain, accumulate, store, transform, transfer, protect and use information. It includes disciplines related to information processing in computers and networks: both abstract, such as the analysis of algorithms, and quite specific, such as the development of programming languages.
slide number 4
Description of the slide:
slide number 5
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slide number 6
Description of the slide:
slide number 7
Description of the slide:
slide number 8
Description of the slide:
How well do you know the Internet? What is INTERNET? The Internet is a global network that operates according to "single rules" and unites millions of computers and thousands of computer networks around the world. What is a protocol? A protocol is a set of pre-agreed rules for transferring data between two devices. The main parameters described by the protocol include the type of error checking used, the method of compressing (compressing) information (if any), the method for determining the end of transmission by the transmitting device, the method for determining by the receiving device the fact of receiving a message.
slide number 9
Description of the slide:
What is IP? IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol. One of the main protocols used on the Internet. The operation of the IP protocol can be compared to the operation of ordinary mail. The purpose of the IP protocol is to deliver packets to their destination, and it is not at all necessary that all packets go to the destination in the same way. The IP protocol defines the packet format and addressing scheme. What is an IP address? An IP address is when sending information via TCP / IP protocols, each computer connected to the Network must have its own unique address (otherwise, how will the IP protocol understand which machine to which packets should be transferred to). It's called an IP address. Currently, numeric IP addresses consist of four integers (0 to 255) separated by dots, such as 193.243.158.4.
slide number 10
Description of the slide:
What is a domain name? A domain name is a name that identifies one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name www.vn.ua corresponds to the IP address 193.243.158.4. Domain names are parts of URLs that point to specific Web pages. Each domain name has a suffix identifying the top-level domain to which the name belongs. This suffix comes last (.com, .net, .edu, .org, etc.). What is HTTP? HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol used in distributed hypermedia information systems. It defines how messages are formatted and passed, and what actions Web servers and browsers should "take" in response to certain commands.
slide number 11
Description of the slide:
slide number 12
Description of the slide:
Internet 2011 in numbers: 2 billion users onlineMore than two billion people on the planet use the World Wide Web. It is noteworthy that almost half of active Internet users live in Asian countries. According to a global analytical study by The Royal Pingdom, almost 1 billion Internet users (922.2 million) live in Asia. At the same time, it is interesting that the penetration of the Internet among the population of Asian countries is only 23.8%. Residents of European countries are dependent on the World Wide Web. 476.213 million Europeans know what the Internet is (58% of the total population of European countries). The most Internet dependent users live in North America. 272.066 million use the Internet, with a network penetration of 78%. Slightly behind their "northern counterparts" are residents of Latin America and the Caribbean - 215.939 million network users. Internet penetration for this part of the world is 36.2%. The smallest Internet users are in Australia and Oceania - only 21 million. Interestingly, even 11 years ago, the most “lagging” region was the countries of the Middle East (only 3 million Internet users), and now in this region 68.553 million citizens know and actively use the international network
slide number 13
Description of the slide:
Proverbs that are paraphrased in a computer way Better Corvette on the table than Pentium in a dream. A bird in the hand is better than a crane in the sky. Each new program is a well-forgotten old one. Everything new is a well-forgotten old one. They are greeted by computers, escorted by programs. They meet according to clothes according to their minds, they don’t look into the system unit of a gifted computer. They don’t look a gift horse in the mouth Not everything is WINDOWS that hangs. Not all that glitters is gold. What was removed from the basket is gone. What fell from the cart is gone.
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Slides captions:
Informatics is around us ©Volkova L.V., Informatics teacher.
What is computer science Computer science (from information and automation) is the science of methods and processes for collecting, storing, processing, transmitting, analyzing and evaluating information using computer technology, providing the possibility of its use for decision-making.
Computer science and the real world
Great people in computer science
creation of a difference engine; creation of an analytical engine; creator of the first programmable computer. Charles Babbage (1792 - 1871)
Augusta Ada Byron (Countess of Lovelace) (1815 - 1852) introduction of the concepts of "cycle" and "working cell"; the idea of program control of the calculation process; the invention of a system for speeding up calculations; use of punched cards for input and output of information; the first programmer, the Ada programming language is named after her.
John von Neumann (1903 - 1957) had a significant influence on the development computer technology; noted that the machine must work with binary code, be electronic; developed the basic principles of building computers, and for 50 years all computers were created on the basis of Neumann's principles.
Sergei Alekseevich Lebedev (1902 - 1974) founder of electronic computing technology (MESM, BESM, second-generation computers BESM-6); the first Academician in the specialty "calculating devices"; founder scientific school in the field of discrete computing.
William (Bill) Gates (October 28, 1955) Chairman of the Board and Main architector software Microsoft Corporation, the world's leading manufacturer of software for personal computers.
Steve Jobs (1955 - 2011) one of the founders, chairman of the board of directors and CEO of Apple Corporation; one of the founders and CEO of the film studio Pixar.
Informatics in Everyday life Humanity The role of informatics in the development of society is extremely great. IT is a vital stimulus for the development of a wide range of human activities.
A gadget is a technical device with enhanced functionality, but limited capabilities. Today, a gadget can be considered any digital device, small enough to put on your hand or connect to PDAs, smartphones. Gadgets
THIS IS INTERESTING The smallest flash drive from the Dutch company Deonet. The dimensions of the device are really impressive: 2.9x19.5x14.5 mm Aegis Padlock DT coded portable hard drive allows you to reliably protect data from encroachment thanks to 128-bit or 256-bit encryption.
THIS IS INTERESTING USB Powered Fan - Refresh Me! Cooling fan from USB port. Ultra quiet. Luxeed LED Rainbow Keyboard is a rainbow keyboard. It allows you to customize the backlight color of each key as you wish.
IT'S INTERESTING Joao Paulo Lammoglia's IOS gadget charger concept uses the power of your breath, which it converts into electricity using small wind turbines. It is enough to put on a mask, connect a mobile device to it.
Give examples of modern electronic devices that are used in everyday life. Give arguments for and against their use.
Thanks for attention!
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ http://www.computer-museum.ru/ https://yandex.ru/images/ Sources
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