Arranging a greenhouse on the site allows you to provide yourself with an early harvest of vegetables and herbs. The most popular models include polycarbonate greenhouses with an area of 3x6 m. Smart placement beds in them is the key to effective use of greenhouse space. This article with photos and videos will tell you in more detail about what beds there are and how to make them in a greenhouse measuring 3x6 m.
While still at the stage of choosing a location for a future greenhouse, you should think through and take into account several important points:
- location of cardinal directions;
- placement of communications;
- bed model.
Greenhouses measuring 3 by 6 are the most popular among gardeners
The location of the greenhouse relative to the cardinal points plays a significant role in the choice of plants cultivated in it. Traditionally, beds are placed along long walls. If you plan to grow low-growing crops in the greenhouse, then its location in the north-south direction will allow the grown crops to receive maximum sunlight. When planning to cultivate tall plants, it is better to place the greenhouse in the east-west direction, so the sun's rays will easily penetrate between the plants, illuminating them evenly.
Attention! If the area allocated for the construction of the greenhouse has a slope, then it is better to turn it to the south.
The site for the greenhouse should be open, not shaded by other buildings or trees, and have a convenient approach. If it is impossible to locate the greenhouse in accordance with the recommended cardinal directions, it should be arranged in such a way that the greenhouse space is maximally illuminated in the first half of the day. If the greenhouse is lit only in the afternoon, this will significantly affect the yield of the crops grown. When setting up a greenhouse, it is equally important to arrange communications so that its watering and heating are uniform.
Options for arranging beds in a greenhouse
Models of beds for arrangement in a greenhouse
The conditions of a greenhouse with an area of 3x6 m allow you to arrange several options for beds:
Attention! Vertical, stepped and hanging beds allow efficient use of greenhouse space, but require additional lighting and more frequent watering and fertilizing.
The beds in the greenhouse can be made warm
Possible schemes for organizing beds in a greenhouse
When setting up a greenhouse measuring 3x6 m, the beds can be conveniently arranged using one of the options, the main thing is not to save space on the aisles:
1. 2 longitudinal beds under the walls, each 0.9 m wide, + central passage - 1.2 cm. Planting in such beds is done using the two-line or square-cluster method.
Attention! The beds should not be made wider than 1.2 m, otherwise they will be difficult to care for. The best guide when choosing the width of the bed is your own height and the amount of effort that will be required to cultivate it.
Two longitudinal beds are the most popular option in 3 by 6 greenhouses
2. 2 side and 1 central beds, each 60 cm wide, aisles between rows - 60 cm. In such beds, seedlings are planted in a checkerboard pattern or in 1-2 lines.
3. 2 narrow side beds about 50 cm in size + a central bed 1 m wide and 2 passes of 50 cm each. Planting in such beds is done using a square-cluster or single-line method.
4. A narrow bed around the entire perimeter of the room 45 cm wide and a central bed 1-1.1 m wide + 50 cm aisles. On narrow beds, vegetable seedlings are planted in 1 row or nesting method, and on a wide central bed - in 2 rows or nesting method in a checkerboard pattern. If desired, the bed located in the center of the greenhouse, as well as along the blank end wall, can be replaced with a rack or table on which boxes with seedlings and vegetables grown in containers can be compactly placed. When using racks for growing seedlings, it should be noted that their depth should not exceed 50 cm. Under this condition, the shelves will minimally shade the plants placed below.
If the crops in the greenhouse do not grow. three beds can be made, but narrower
Attention! When planning the layout of the beds, you should take into account the requirements for the microclimate of the crops grown in the greenhouse. Crops that require different conditions should be placed at opposite ends of the greenhouse; if desired, they can be separated with a film curtain.
A variety of options for arrangement of beds makes it easy to select the most convenient model depending on the cultivated crops and get high yields. Taking into account the recommendations for arranging the selected model of beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse measuring 3x6 m, you can achieve the most efficient use of greenhouse space.
Organizing beds in a greenhouse - video
Beds in a greenhouse 3 by 6 - photo
The question of how to make beds in a greenhouse correctly is relevant for beginning gardeners. Proper calculation significantly increases the yield, facilitates plant care and optimizes the internal space. Remaking initially incorrectly formed ridges is a labor-intensive process. When planning, be sure to take into account the size of the greenhouse, orientation relative to the cardinal directions, terrain, requirements of the crops you plan to grow, as well as the desired timing of harvest.
Greenhouse for a summer residence
Features of placing beds in a greenhouse
The placement of the beds depends primarily on the method of constructing the greenhouse and its size. For example, in polycarbonate structures 3 meters wide, it is correct and most rational to arrange 2-3 rectangular beds, in domed and geodesic ones - several semicircular ones. Although the basic principles of ridge formation are similar for different greenhouse options.
Greenhouse 3 by 6 inside
Arrangement of beds in a greenhouse 3 by 6
Rectangular greenhouses are often built on private plots. The process of their construction is quite simple, especially if you use polycarbonate. With this layout, you can grow plants both on the ground and on shelves. For an example, check out how to arrange beds in a 3 by 6 meter greenhouse. There are several ways to rationally place them in a building of this size:
- Two wide plantings along the walls and a wide passage between them in the center of the greenhouse.
- Two narrower ridges along the walls, one wide in the center and two passages between them (for example, side - 40 cm, central - 100 cm, passages - 60 cm) - 3+2 layout.
- Three narrow ridges and two wide passages.
Ridge layout 3+2
Also pay attention to the following points:
- Cultivate the crops without stepping between the rows; accordingly, the width of the plantings should not be too large (optimally up to 1 m).
- The central ridge can be wider than the side ones, because you can care for the plants here from both sides.
- Make wide passages (at least 60 cm), especially if you plan to use a wheelbarrow.
- Keep in mind that part of the passage area will be occupied by overgrown plant tops.
- Leave free space near the entrance to the greenhouse, that is, make the central planting shorter than the side ones.
Layout of beds in a greenhouse
Placing a bed in a 3 meter wide greenhouse in the photo helps to understand the layout.
How to arrange beds in a greenhouse according to Mittleider
The method of arranging beds according to Jacob Mittleider is becoming increasingly popular among domestic vegetable growers. The reason for this is clear - the yield of crops grown using its technology increases significantly, despite the decrease in the actual area occupied by plantings. When implementing technology in a personal greenhouse, pay attention to the following points:
- planting orientation is exclusively from north to south;
- the width of the ridge is 45 cm, planting on it is done in two rows, so the plants are well ventilated and receive maximum sunlight;
- passage width is at least 90 cm;
- the soil surface must be perfectly flat to ensure uniform distribution of water and fertilizers;
- Make a border along the edge (can be earthen), about 10 cm high;
- be sure to consider the watering and fertilizing system.
Narrow ridges according to Mittleider
If the greenhouse is located in an area with a high groundwater level, install boxes taking into account the parameters described above, fill them with special soil (select the composition depending on the plants being planted) and get an excellent modification of the Mittleider method.
By the way, the height of the beds in a greenhouse depends on the soil characteristics of a particular region and can range from 10-20 cm (if the soil is not swampy) to 60 cm (in wetlands, especially if you plan to grow root crops).
Placing beds relative to cardinal directions
When choosing a diagram of how to make beds in a greenhouse, do not forget to take into account the cardinal directions. Proper orientation will help distribute sunlight so that all plants receive the maximum amount of sunlight possible. This will have a positive effect on the harvest and significantly reduce the cost of artificial lighting.
There are two options for the orientation of greenhouse plantings:
- from west to east;
- from north to south.
Orientation of the greenhouse to the cardinal points
The first option will be successful when planting tall crops, such as tomatoes. In this case, the sun's rays will be distributed between the rows of plants, illuminating them evenly. For low-growing varieties or mixed growing, orient the beds from north to south. At the same time, plant tall plants near the northern wall. Sometimes cardinal directions cannot be taken into account. For example, if the greenhouse is located on an uneven area, make beds across the slope.
Basic principles of creating beds
The process of arranging a greenhouse is quite simple and even a novice gardener can do it. The main thing is to study the theory. Knowing the basic important points You can easily make warm beds for tomatoes and cucumbers with your own hands to surprise all your neighbors and friends with an early harvest.
High ridge-boxes in a greenhouse
Optimal width and height
Setting up a bed in a greenhouse is a simple matter, although before you start, pay attention to the characteristics of the soil, the level of groundwater and the characteristics of the crops that you will grow. These factors directly affect height:
- High ridges, box ridges (40 - 60 cm high) - will be appropriate on swampy or poor soils, especially for growing root crops. They allow you to use special soil mixtures and change them if necessary. Such beds quickly warm up in the sun, but also dry out quickly, so they will have to be watered more often.
- Raised ridges (20 - 30 cm high) - suitable for poor, non-waterlogged soils, ideal for crops with a shallow root system (such as cucumbers). They can also be filled with nutritious soil.
- Low beds (not raised at all or up to 10 cm high) - suitable for fertile soils with low groundwater levels. The disadvantage of traditional soil beds is that they cannot be filled with the necessary soil mixtures, so some vegetable growers make depressions at the site of future plantings, dig in the sides and fill them with the necessary soil.
Narrow passages are a bad solution
The width of the beds and the passages between them are very important parameters that significantly affect the yield. Too wide ridges and narrow passages will make it difficult to care for plantings and harvest, reduce the amount of sunlight that will fall on each individual plant, and also impair ventilation between plantings.
- The beds need to be processed without stepping on them, so do not make those located near the walls wider than 50 cm, and those that are accessible from both sides - no more than 120 cm.
- When choosing the width, take into account the characteristics of the crops that you will grow, as well as the fact that the plants grow very much in the greenhouse. Two rows of plantings per bed are enough for high-quality processing.
- Leave passages at least 60 cm wide; keep in mind that some of them will be hidden by foliage and plant stems.
High plantings are easier to care for
Galvanized beds for greenhouses
Technologies do not stand still even in a summer cottage, if before the greenhouse made from glass or film, now they have been replaced by polycarbonate. This material is easy to install, it is more affordable than glass and more reliable than film. How to make beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse so that they are functional, beautiful and durable?
Usually the sides are made from scrap materials: boards, slate, brick. But they all have drawbacks: boards quickly become unusable, slate is not decorative and not environmentally friendly, brick is an expensive material, and its installation requires a lot of time and effort. More recently, galvanized sides have appeared on the market, which have no analogues in terms of their characteristics. Here are some of their advantages:
- durable;
- environmentally friendly;
- resistant to high humidity and high temperatures;
- aesthetically attractive;
- not affected by fungi and mold;
- easy to assemble and disassemble.
Installation of galvanized beds
In addition to the zinc coating, additional substances are applied to the metal of the sides, which make it also resistant to corrosion. Enough high price- the only disadvantage of galvanized fences, but it is leveled out if you consider that they will last for more than one year.
Smart use of verticals
Country greenhouse– the structure is not very large, but I would like to plant more there. How to properly make beds in a greenhouse to fill the usable volume as much as possible? Experts advise using shelving, hanging flower pots, or making vertical plantings. You can grow annual plants with a small root system in this way, for example, herbs, lettuce, strawberries, radishes, and onions.
Familiarize yourself with the features of different methods of filling vertical lines in a greenhouse:
- Shelving. Place the plantings in pots or build shelves with sides and pour soil directly there. The latter option is beneficial for growing one crop, for example, onions. Do not make the rack too wide, this will complicate maintenance and worsen the lighting of the lower shelves; the ideal width is 40-50 cm. Use the upper shelves for growing seedlings (young plants are more sensitive to lack of light), and the space under the racks is for storing tools.
- Hanging flowerpots. Use for growing ornamental hanging plants, strawberries, beans, peas. Watch out for watering, because the soil here dries out faster than in ordinary beds, and do not hang the pots too high in the summer (it is too hot under the ceiling in the greenhouse, the plants may burn out).
- Vertical landings. There are quite a few ways to implement this option. For example, you can use gutters, cut pipes, plastic bottles, pots. Secure them to the frame, fill them with soil and plant the plants. Or use thick non-woven material and make a hanging wall with pockets from it. Slightly modified wooden pallets can also be adapted for planting.
The main disadvantage of the three described options is that the soil dries out too quickly. Solve this problem using hydroponics or drip irrigation. To save time and effort, you can purchase ready-made phytomodules for vertical gardening with an automatic watering system. The second significant drawback is the rapid freezing of the soil. Therefore, plant annual crops, heat the greenhouse or cover the pots for the winter.
Secrets of creating a warm bed
Warm beds are one of the most popular among domestic gardeners. They allow you to get a harvest 2-3 weeks earlier than when using regular landings. In addition, the plants on them are practically not affected by diseases and pests. You can build warm beds in a greenhouse with your own hands as follows:
- Make the markings.
- Remove the grass and the top ball of soil to a depth of 10–15 cm.
- Fill the trench with sand or crushed stone for drainage (required for regions with high groundwater levels); you can put a fine mesh net on the bottom to protect against rodents.
- Install sides about 70 cm high.
- Lay a twenty-centimeter layer of coarse material: thick branches, roots. Place 5-10 cm of smaller branches and sawdust on top.
- Fill and compact leaves, grass, removed turf, straw (a ball about 5 cm thick).
- Make a 15 20 cm ball from fresh organic waste(cleaning, healthy tops of plants (except tomatoes and potatoes) grass), compost, humus and bird droppings.
- Fill in the prepared soil mixture (soil, humus, peat, sand, fertilizer), taking into account the needs of the plants being planted.
Laying a trench bed
At the construction stage, thoroughly soak the layers of organic matter, this promotes decomposition processes and, accordingly, the release of heat. Don’t forget to water well, too, because high beds dry out quite quickly.
To save water and if the soil conditions on the site allow, you can create a warm trench bed. The principle of operation is similar to that described above, only the balls are placed in a trench 40–45 cm deep with installed sides.
Warm bed for a greenhouse
Video: how to properly make beds in a greenhouse
If the process of creating beds seems very complicated and confusing, then watch the video and make sure that it is not so. A video from an experienced vegetable grower will tell you about the features of a greenhouse, ventilation rules, and also how to create warm ridges in a greenhouse yourself.
Video: Arrangement of beds in a 3 by 6 polycarbonate greenhouse
Video: Creating warm beds in a greenhouse
Video: Arranging a polycarbonate greenhouse
Growing vegetables in a greenhouse, both for family needs and for sale, is a profitable activity, the main thing is to follow the advice of experts. Create the right beds in your greenhouse and enjoy large harvests of environmentally friendly products.
Proper placement of beds in a greenhouse affects the size of the crop, optimizes space and makes care easier. Remodeling is always more difficult, so it is better to place the beds correctly from the beginning. How to make beds in a greenhouse is the topic of our conversation today.
To properly place beds in a greenhouse, you should consider a number of factors:
- greenhouse size;
- how the building should be located relative to the sides of the horizon;
- terrain features of the site;
- characteristic features of growing crops;
- harvest time.
Let's start with the fact that the arrangement of beds in a home greenhouse directly depends on its size and shape. So, for example, if you are the owner of a greenhouse made of polycarbonate, the width of which is 3 m, it is optimal to lay out 2-3 ridges in the shape of a rectangle. In a domed and geodesic greenhouse, it is better to arrange several furrows in a semicircle.
Among gardeners, the method of planning beds according to Jacob Mittleider is popular. There are good reasons for this. One of them is an increase in yield, despite the fact that the area on which the plants are located is significantly reduced. If you decide to use this method in your home greenhouse, we suggest you listen to our recommendations.
Orient the furrows from north to south. The width of each bed should be 45 cm, and the plants should be arranged in two rows when planting. This simple technique will provide excellent ventilation to the plantings and maximum illumination. We make passages of 90 cm.
Make sure the ground surface is level. In this case, both water and fertilizers will be distributed correctly. Each ridge should have sides made of soil about 10 cm high on the sides. Think carefully about how you will water and feed the plants. This method has been tested experimentally. The research took place over 50 years.
How to place relative to cardinal directions
When we plant beds with various crops in a greenhouse, we need to remember the sides of the horizon. You can make boxes, racks or beds in the ground itself, but in all cases it is worth knowing that the beds in the greenhouse should be oriented to the cardinal directions. The best option- place low-growing plants from north to south. Tall crops (for example, tomatoes) are placed from west to east. To do this as accurately as possible, use a compass.
Remember that when planting, you need to take into account every detail, even the fact of how high the plantings will grow, so that the tall stem does not create a shadow for the low ones.
How to create beds
Width and height
The height of the ridge is influenced by the level of groundwater, the composition of the soil and the characteristics of the plants grown. Raised beds and box beds in a greenhouse, made with your own hands, are placed on swampy soils depleted of chernozem. The height of such beds is 40-60 cm. They are suitable for growing root crops. It is worth considering that they warm up and dry out quickly, so watering should be more often than usual.
Raised beds (height - 20-30 cm) are suitable for poor soil, and are suitable for growing crops such as cucumbers, since their root system is located close to the surface. Low furrows are suitable for fertile soils with low groundwater levels. All beds, except the last type, can be filled with a nutritious earthen mixture. In the latter case, you will have to make sides and fill in the required soil mixture.
The width when constructing beds is also of no small importance. If they are located in such a way that there is an approach from two sides, then their width is no more than 120 cm; if the bed is located under a wall, then its width is 50 cm.
Bed material
New technologies are successfully used in the greenhouse business. Today, polycarbonate is increasingly used to construct greenhouses. This is a durable and lightweight material, the structure is easy to install with your own hands. Next, the conversation will focus on how to arrange beds functionally in a polycarbonate greenhouse.
The sides are usually made of brick, boards, or slate. But the boards rot quickly, the brick is expensive, and the slate has no decorative value. Today, the arrangement of beds in a polycarbonate greenhouse is done using galvanized sides. They are durable, easy to assemble, and resistant to negative impacts. environment. If additional substances are applied to them, they will not be subject to corrosion. The only negative is that it costs a lot to install galvanized fences.
Vertical installations
It is absolutely not necessary to place furrows only in the horizontal plane. The manufacture of shelving will allow for a vertical layout. This is the method that provides maximum space savings. The difficulty is to arrange the arrangement in such a way that the shadow from the upper shelves does not fall on the lower ones. If you follow simple rules, you will not only compactly place all the crops in the greenhouse, but also get a bountiful harvest.
It is convenient to make a niche under the shelves for various devices. The lower and middle tiers can be decorated with mature plants. They are good for growing strawberries using the Dutch method. But the seedlings are placed on the upper shelves. If the depth of the rack is no more than 50 cm, then it will not cast a shadow on the plants located below. The vertical is also used for terrace growing.
Hanging pots are used for growing ornamental plants and are used as decoration for a greenhouse.
When developing a layout of beds, take into account every centimeter of usable area. Pay attention to the location of the beds in accordance with the cardinal directions. Don't neglect vertical arrangement. To make care comfortable, make the beds 40 cm high and calculate the width so that with a one-sided and two-sided approach, the work is effective and complete. It is better to plant tall plants in the center, and low ones on the sides. It is convenient to place low-growing varieties in a checkerboard pattern.
Video “Comfortable beds in a greenhouse”
From this video you will learn how to correctly and conveniently arrange beds in a greenhouse.
If you place the beds correctly in the greenhouse, using the entire usable area, it will be convenient to work in them. Properly placed plants will receive enough space, light, and warmth. Accordingly, the harvest will delight you with its generosity. Every self-respecting summer resident will definitely place an indoor vegetable garden on his plot. Greenhouses measuring 3x6 m are used mainly in small summer cottages. You can make a greenhouse house with your own hands using wooden frames, glass, and plastic film. You can also buy a ready-made greenhouse.
Polycarbonate greenhouses are popular. This material diffuses light well, it is stronger than glass, and the greenhouse can be quickly installed and dismantled. Polycarbonate protects plants from ultraviolet radiation. Sudden temperature changes will not affect the quality and condition of this material. Service life such a greenhouse reaches 15 years.
When constructing a vegetable garden under a roof, you need to correctly position it relative to the cardinal directions. It is also necessary to take into account the effect of wind load. Ignoring these conditions can lead to poor plant development.
Principles for the location of greenhouses when oriented to the cardinal points:
Perfect greenhouse location relative to cardinal directions:
- one long side is oriented to the east;
- the second long side, accordingly, is oriented to the west;
- narrow end wall on the south side;
- the entrance to the greenhouse is from the other end side, directed to the north.
Do-it-yourself fertile beds at the dacha
Planting layouts
By developing layouts for beds in a 3 by 6 meter greenhouse, gardeners use every centimeter of usable space. Let's consider options for possible placement of sites for garden crops and possible sizes of beds in a 3x6 greenhouse:
For comfortable plant care height of beds in a greenhouse make 40 cm. With a one-sided approach, the width of the beds in the greenhouse should not exceed 1.2 m for the work to be effective and complete.
If a summer resident uses a wheelbarrow for work, the width of the central path should be at least 90 cm. If the passages are intended exclusively for walking, a sufficient width for them is 50 cm.
Rational placement of plants
Fundamental factor for arrangement of beds in the greenhouse house there remains a choice of crops that are planned to be grown in the greenhouse. Many gardeners use some of the secrets of planting plants in their practice.
How to grow tomatoes using the Maslov method
In a greenhouse, you can organize not only beds located in the same plane, but also arrange them vertically. However, the racks need to be done so that the lower tiers do not suffer from a lack of light. When using this technique it is useful to know:
A very popular option for making beds in a greenhouse, placing them vertically, is to terrace the beds along one side, and along the other side they can be left traditional. But this technique is used if they grow in a greenhouse different types crops At the same time on every terrace Only one type of crop can be planted.
Vertical beds can be arranged not only in the form shelving or terraces. The following constructions are often used:
Suspended structures are placed above horizontal beds. They are used for placing low-growing potted plants, boxes with greens. Such shelves must be very firmly fixed.
Features of growing strawberries using Dutch technology
It must be remembered that only plants with underdeveloped root systems will feel good in vertical beds. Since the soil in such structures dries out faster, it needs constant feeding. On a positive note its susceptibility to infection can be considered much lower.
Warm beds
Compost beds are used to increase productivity. There is no need to plow the soil in them. When organic matter rots, heat is released, thanks to which the soil warms up very well and the process of crop growth is accelerated. A lot of carbon dioxide accumulates above the compost layer, which is so necessary for photosynthesis. Thanks to the fact that inside raised beds in the greenhouse the temperature is higher than the environment, early seedlings are successfully planted on them. As a result, plants can bear fruit longer.
How to make warm beds in a greenhouse with your own hands? First of all, you need soil. Gardeners prepare it themselves or purchase a ready-made substrate. You need to stock up on slate, boards, sawdust or straw. Basic fertilizer the layer is manure.
The standard height of a warm bed in a greenhouse is 20 cm. If the gardener’s plans include planting early varieties of crops, then the height of the bed in the greenhouse should reach 80 cm.
Once laid, a warm bed can last for 4 years. Then it is disassembled and a new one can be made on its basis. How to use a warm bed?
- 1 year The ground temperature is the highest. Such conditions are very suitable for watermelons, melons, and zucchini. It is not recommended to plant root crops and greens in the first year of operation of a warm bed.
- 2nd year The soil temperature decreases; it becomes insufficiently high for watermelons, pumpkins and melons. You can plant zucchini, tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage.
- 3rd year. The nitrate content in the soil becomes low. You can plant potatoes, onions, radishes, and carrots.
- 4 year There is a minimum of organic matter in the soil. We plant greens and legumes.
The best option for fencing for beds is slate. This material does not rot. It is quite durable and successfully serves as a fence. But you should remember that you can only use completely intact sheets of slate. Cracked or chipped sheets release carcinogens into the air, which is unsafe for human health.
To make slate formwork with your own hands, completely intact sheets are dug into the ground to a depth of 15 cm and fastened with self-tapping screws using galvanized iron corners. To get stronger beds, you need to make U-shaped elements from a square pipe, install them with their ends up in the passages, weld a corner between them, and put sheets of flat slate inside.
Before each summer season, greenhouse owners must move plants inside their indoor garden, change plantings, and must know how to properly make beds in a greenhouse with their own hands, using the most convenient option for themselves.
As we see, arrangement of beds in a greenhouse doing it yourself is not difficult for a gardener. You just need to plan everything in advance and calculate it even before laying the greenhouse itself.
The beds in a greenhouse 3 by 6 meters have their own design nuances. Today we will look at all the features in more detail, we will pay attention to the arrangement of beds in two and three rows, their location in the greenhouse. Then, taking into account all the advice, gardeners will be able to place the plantings in the most successful way. It will be comfortable to work in the greenhouse.
Typically, compact greenhouses 3x6 m are widely in demand in suburban and summer cottage areas. Here key features such greenhouses.
- The greenhouse must be placed on open place. It is important to organize a convenient approach to it.
- The beds usually run along the long sides, along the walls.
- For better and longer-lasting lighting, the long side should be facing west.
- It is important to create conditions for comfortable care of the beds. The height of the ridges relative to the path is usually a maximum of 40 cm.
- It is advisable to leave paths at least 45 cm wide. Only in such conditions is full-fledged effective work possible.
- It is better to make beds 60 or 90 cm long. Wider beds are used with paths on both sides, and when approaching from one side, beds 60 cm wide are suitable.
This is important! It is necessary to take care of the proper width of the paths. If they are too narrow, they are uncomfortable to walk on and there is nowhere to mark necessary equipment, equipment, watering hoses, and the integrity of the beds will be constantly compromised. It is much more convenient to work with wide paths.
We arrange the beds rationally
There are several simple secrets to the proper arrangement of beds.
This is important! Remember the key selection principles optimal scheme landings. It is necessary to rationally use the entire area of the greenhouse, and be sure to provide free access to every bush, plant, and branch. In addition, the conditions for the plants themselves must be the best - so that there is enough light and nutrition.
We plant tomatoes in a greenhouse measuring 3 by 6 meters
In the summary table we will look at the key features of planting crops. As an example, we take planting tomato bushes in a polycarbonate greenhouse. We will pay attention to the features, key characteristics of planting, as well as the method of planting. We will also indicate approximate calculations for two and three beds in a greenhouse 3 by 6 meters.
Table. Features of planting tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse.
| Indicator | Two beds | Three beds |
|---|---|---|
| Peculiarities | It is better to place the beds along the long sides. Then the width of the bed will be approximately 100 cm, and the rest of the area will be needed for the path. | A more convenient option with efficient use of space. You can make the paths a little wider by narrowing the beds. |
| Disembarkation method | It is optimal to use the two-line method and square-cluster planting. Sometimes, for greater comfort, bushes are placed in a checkerboard pattern. | A checkerboard arrangement of bushes is optimal. The square-nest method is used a little less frequently. |
| Calculation | In total, you can plant 60 bushes if you leave a gap between the rows of 60 cm, and the distance between the bushes is only 40 cm. Then 15 bushes can occupy 1 row. | It is recommended to seal the gap to 30 cm. Then you can plant 20 bushes in one row at once. |
Now let's take a closer look at the important points.
Planting in a greenhouse in two beds
Many gardeners and experts note that it is more convenient and easier to place beds along the entire length of the greenhouse, along the walls. For standard above-ground beds, the traditional height is 30-40 cm. At the same time, it is important to take care of the required width of the path, otherwise it will be inconvenient to use and place tools, walk with a wheelbarrow, and water the plants.
For high quality and speed of work, it is important to have adequate free space. Most often, bushes are planted in nests in the form of squares or rectangles, as well as in two lines.
This method is more popular because it allows for the most competent and efficient use of the entire area. At the same time, you can achieve a sufficient width of the paths, making the beds along the edges more compact.
For those who are planning to plant tomato bushes, there is special advice: it is better to plant determinate varieties of tomatoes on the outer rows, since the greenhouse has a low height near the walls compared to the central part. It is advisable to select in advance varieties with medium height and early ripening.
Let's look at planting tomatoes in a 3 by 6 greenhouse with three beds in more detail. It is better to form the outer rows into two stems, while increasing the gap between them. On average, it should be approximately 40 cm, since bushes with large volumes need increased nutrition. It is easy to calculate the number of bushes in a row: simply divide 600 by 40. As a result, it turns out that you can plant 15 tomato bushes in a row. In total, in one greenhouse with such parameters it is quite possible to freely place as many as 90 bushes with tomatoes, while their harvest time will be extended.
You can also select beds in a special way based on ripeness. It is advisable to grow mid-season, mid-early varieties in the center. But early ripening early tomatoes are more suitable for side beds.
Optimal solution– ripen the tomatoes one by one. It is very important to choose the right varieties in accordance with your budget, taste preferences, and soil characteristics. Then all the tomatoes will ripen in turn, and there will always be fresh, delicious tomatoes on the table.
Basic principles for creating beds in a greenhouse
Now it’s time to consider the formation of beds in greenhouses with dimensions of 3 by 6 meters.
We focus on the cardinal directions
First of all, you need to remember the cardinal directions when planting beds with different crops. You can use boxes, racks, or make beds directly on the ground. In any case, the location of plants relative to the cardinal points will be of great importance. Plants should receive maximum heat and light, solar energy.
For accurate orientation, you will need a compass. It is best to place the beds in a direction from north to south. This is when the plants will be able to receive more sunlight throughout the day.
It is important to remember: regardless of the culture, type, dependence on heat and light, each plant must be placed in the beds, taking into account its maximum possible growth before harvesting. Under no circumstances should low-growing plants be in the shade of tall ones.
Plant height arrangement
Experts note: it is tall plants that need a special approach. Large growth and the presence of foliage determine significant shading of the bed. As a result, other plants may suffer from lack of heat and light. The optimal solution is to place tall plants along the “east-west” line. Then the lower tiers of leaves will be perfectly illuminated by the morning sun rays.
Sometimes it happens that greenhouses have to be installed in uneven terrain. In this case, it is advisable to choose a slope with a southern exposure. Such a site should have a slope oriented to the south. Shelves and beds are placed across the slope. This is an ideal option because the maximum number of plants will be exposed to direct sunlight, since they will fall on the greenhouse at an angle.
This is important! You may encounter various interferences and problems when orienting yourself in accordance with the cardinal directions. If you cannot install the greenhouse properly, you have to choose the best possible option.
There are also pitfalls. For example, if the slope is southern, but there is shadow from the tree crowns, the best option would be to locate the greenhouse on a northern slope, but free from plantings.
We take into account the design features of the greenhouse
Design features also influence the order of planting in their own way. Here's what you need to take into account.
Advice! Experts and experienced gardeners note that you cannot save on passes. The paths must be comfortable. The optimal minimum is 40 cm. Have you decided to use a wheelbarrow? Then it is better to leave an 80 cm passage in the center, and plant the plants on the sides in two beds.
Smart use of verticals
It is not at all necessary to place the beds exclusively in one plane. You have an excellent opportunity to organize a shelving structure in the greenhouse. It is the vertical layout of the beds that allows you to very efficiently use all the free space. However, there are also difficulties here. It is extremely important to distribute all plants and containers with soil in such a way that the lower tiers are not in the shadow of the upper ones.
Here are three simple rules rack placement.
- Directly under the shelving, you can make a warehouse-type niche to store the necessary equipment.
- The lower and middle tiers are ideal for adult plants. You can also place containers with fertile soil in which young bushes are planted. For example this good decision when growing strawberries using the Dutch method.
- Containers with seedlings most need warmth and light. That is why they should be placed on the uppermost tiers when placing beds in racks. In accordance with growth and development, they can be gradually moved lower.
This is important! Hold yourself to a certain standard. The depth of the rack should be no more than 50 cm. Then the shelves will not shade the plants.
The vertical can also be used for terraced arrangement of beds. This good option and for those who want to gradually switch to shelving. In the greenhouse, on one side the beds are left traditional. The southeast or south side is more suitable for this. But a terrace can be made on the opposite side of the greenhouse.
It is worth noting that such experimental designs are appropriate in cases where the combined cultivation of different crops is carried out within the same greenhouse. If one crop is grown, it is necessary to create uniform conditions throughout the entire area.
Planning the greenhouse area according to Mittleider
Traditionally, the layout of beds in two and three rows is used. Both options are quite feasible in greenhouses with dimensions of 3 by 6 meters. We provided approximate calculations above. However, there is another known method, an innovative one - the method of Jacob Mittleider.
When a greenhouse is planned according to Mitlider, crops are planted in beds 45 cm wide. This resembles the traditional option. However, it is recommended to make the widest possible paths between the beds. For example, a good passage width is 90 cm. This technique will ensure good air flow and sufficient illumination.
The technique involves creating comfortable conditions for the gardener. It is recommended to plant plants in two narrow rows, leaving free soil between them. In this case, there will be a good air exchange, and the person will not have to reach far to the bushes to work.
The most original method is to place the beds on racks that are arranged in a spiral. Can be made from pipes that are used for communications and water supply. This method is ideal for growing low-growing crops, such as greens and strawberries.
Making the best beds in a 3 by 6 greenhouse
It's time to consider step by step instructions arrangement of beds in a greenhouse. It is important to ensure maximum efficiency, create the best conditions for plants.
You will need fertile soil. The soil is prepared specially or purchased ready-made. In addition, you need to stock up on boards, sawdust or straw. You will also need manure as the main fertilizing layer. We act according to the algorithm.
Step 1. First, a trench is dug at the site of the bed.
First you need to dig a trench
Step 2. Then you need to install a fence - formwork made of wooden boards.
Step 3. Then a layer of straw or sawdust is poured out. Its thickness should be 10-15 cm.
Step 4. Then comes the turn of manure. You need to take manure, which is already beginning to rot. The layer is made compacted. Height – 20 cm.
Step 5. The created cushion is poured with boiling water to soak the manure and the bottom layer. After this, the beds should be left alone for two days.
You can make multi-layer fertilizer using chicken droppings and a decomposition stimulant. When decay is intense, maximum thermal energy is released. This is precisely what is necessary for better growth of planted crops. You can leave organic fertilizer under a black film for a week so that it warms up well, and then pour out the soil and plant the plants.
Organic fertilizer can be covered with black film for a week (in the photo there is a mini-greenhouse)
To protect seedlings from rodents, you can line the bottom layer with a special mesh. Also, sometimes instead of sawdust, rotten boards, bark and stumps are placed down. Manure can be replaced with grass humus. Everything must be compacted well and poured with boiling water; be sure to let these layers “settle” before filling in the soil.
Even on marshy, rocky or sandy soil you can organize good conditions for growing various crops. Simply install the boxes and fill them with fertile soil. The boxes are warmer and protect against pests. The height of the box is approximately 40 cm.
Video - Arranging beds in a greenhouse and preparing the soil for sowing
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