Download the presentation on Turgenev's work. Presentation on the topic "Turgenev I.S.: life and creative path"

Slide 6

Eagle on the map.

• From Moscow to Orel 380 km.
• Orel - Mtsensk, distance about 50 km.

Slide 7

Slide 8

State Memorial and Natural Museum-Reserve I.S. Turgenev Spasskoe-

Lutovinovo

Even under Turgenev’s mother, the dining room was one of the main rooms of the house. The manager, lodgers and other household members admitted to the master's table gathered here at a strictly established hour. In the center of the room there is a large extendable oak table, surrounded by antique oak chairs veneered with Karelian birch. Near the wall is a beautifully crafted mahogany sideboard, made in classic Empire style proportions.

Slide 9

Directly adjacent to the dining room is a small room, which in Spassky was called small

living room. In the small living room there was a wide and spacious sofa “in Turkish taste”, which for a long time received the nickname “self-sleeping”. Many of Turgenev’s guests remembered him, and Ivan Sergeevich himself recalled him more than once. After the death of Turgenev M.G. Savina, seeing the “self-sleep”, exclaimed: “Dear “samson”! How many people sat on it, lay there, argued, got excited.

Slide 10

The large living room, as well as the dining room, belonged to the main rooms of the house. It is furnished with beautiful mahogany furniture: an oval table with a carved cabinet ending in animal paws; a sofa covered in green plush with armrests in the form of griffins and a frieze with an antique motif on the back; soft armchairs with gilded backs. The furnishings of the living room were complemented by an old dressing table, also mahogany, and a secretary bureau with a folding board on hinges and many small drawers inside.

Slide 11

This is the writer’s workroom, the place where he remained alone with his creative thoughts,

where his most important works were created. The appearance of this room took shape already in the 1850s, shortly after the death of Turgenev’s mother, and hardly changed during the writer’s visits here. On the desk is the writer’s pen (by the end of his life he no longer wrote with a goose pen, but with a steel pen. Above the table are portraits of V.G. Belinsky and M.S. Shchepkin.

Slide 12

Zakhar's room on one side adjoins the Savinsky room, which is connected through a corridor; and on the other - to a small living room. It got its name because during Turgenev’s last visits, the writer’s former valet Zakhar Fedorovich Balashov permanently lived here.

Slide 13

The girls' room is adjacent to Zakhar's room and the dining room. It has retained its name since

V.P. Turgeneva, who invariably employed a large number of female servants. Here they sewed linen, spun lace, and embroidered serf girls. Turgenev set the servants free and the room was empty. No one lived there permanently anymore. Only during the visits of Turgenev and guests did servants settle here for a while. Just like in Zakhar’s room, things that had served their time in the front rooms of the house constantly moved into the maid’s room.

Slide 14

This room is located in one of the first additions to the house, made after the fire in 1839. V.P. Turgeneva was especially pleased with her. She also gave the room the name “casino”, that is, a room for free activities, where guests could retire from the rest of society, play cards and feel more free from the strict regulations observed in the other rooms of the house.

Slide 15

Turgenev's library occupies the largest room in the house. She is located in a special

extension with windows on both sides. The walls of the library are completely lined with bookcases, in the middle of the room there is a heavy homemade billiard covered with green cloth. The library is one of the main rooms of the house; it gives an idea of ​​the high culture of the writer and the breadth of his interests.

Slide 16

It acquired the name “Savinskaya” in 1881. This room was then occupied by the famous artist Ma-riya Gavrilovna Savina, who came to visit Ivan Sergeevich, and initially this room was also intended for the arrival of guests. Savina stayed in Spassky for five days in July 1881. In Spassky, Turgenev and Savina developed a particularly trusting and sincere relationship. After Savina left Spassky, Turgenev wrote to her: “Your stay in Spassky left indelible marks... The room in which you lived like this will forever remain Savinsky.”

Slide 17

Slide 18

I.S. Turgenev at the age of 7. Watercolor by an unknown artist

Slide 19

I.S. Turgenev at the age of 12. Artist I. Pirks. 1830

Moscow University Artist G. I. Baranovsky. 1848

Slide 20

I. S. TurgenevArtist K.A. Gorbunov. 1838-1839

Berlin University

Lithography. 1840s

Slide 22

Polina Viardot. Artist T. Neff. 1842

Polina Viardot.

Courtaunel. House of Pauline Viardot

Slide 23

N.V.Gogol

Gogol died!... What Russian soul would not be shocked by these words? Our loss is so cruel, so sudden that we still don’t want to believe it... Yes, he died, this man whom we now have the right, the bitter right given to us by death, to call great; a man whose name marked an era in the history of our literature, a man of whom we are proud as one of our glories! T......in

Slide 24

"Notes of a Hunter" (1852)

In the first issue of Sovremennik for 1847, Turgenev’s essay “Khor and Kalinich” was published, with a note after the title: “From the notes of a hunter.”

In 1852, “Notes of a Hunter” was published as a separate book.

Slide 25

"Rudin" 1856

• Rudin on the barricade. Author D.N. Kardovsky. 1933
• Rudin at the Lasunskys (Rudin speaks).
• Author V.A. Sveshnikov.

Slide 26

"Nobles' Nest" 1859

• Title page of the manuscript of the novel “The Noble Nest” Autograph. 1859
• Illustrations for the novel "The Noble Nest".
• Author K.I. Rudakov.

Slide 27

"On the Eve" 1860

Title page of the manuscript of the novel “On the Eve”

Autograph. 1860

Slide 28

"Fathers and Sons" 1862

Bazarov. Artist D. Borovsky. 1980

Slide 29

"Smoke" 1867

Title page of the manuscript of the novel “Smoke”. Autograph. 1867

"Nove" 1877

Slide 30

"Contemporary"

The writers are employees of the Sovremennik magazine. Above: I.S. Turgenev,

To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev (1818-1883)

Page one - "Mother". Varvara Petrovna Turgeneva “Orphans do not remain children for long. I myself was an orphan and I really felt my benefit before others... I didn’t have a mother; my mother was like a stepmother to me. She was married, other children, other connections. I was alone in the world."

Page two - "Father". Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev Stolbovoy nobleman (the Turgenevs descended from the Tatar Murza Lev Turgen in 1440), a brilliant officer, a handsome man.

Page three - “Childhood impressions.”

Page Four - “Years of Study”

Page five - “The Work of Turgenev” In 1836, Turgenev showed his poetic experiments in a romantic spirit to the writer of Pushkin’s circle, university professor P. A. Pletnev; he invites the student to a literary evening, and in 1838 publishes his poems “Evening” and “To the Venus of Medicine” in Sovremennik (by this time Turgenev had written about a hundred poems, mostly not preserved, and the dramatic poem “Wall”).

In May 1838, Turgenev went to Germany (the desire to complete his education was combined with rejection of the Russian way of life, based on serfdom). The disaster of the steamship “Nicholas I”, on which Turgenev sailed, will be described by him in the essay “Fire at Sea” (1883; in French). Until August 1839, Turgenev lived in Berlin, attended lectures at the university, studied classical languages, wrote poetry, and communicated with T. N. Granovsky and N. V. Stankevich. After a short stay in Russia, in January 1840 he went to Italy, but from May 1840 to May 1841 he was again in Berlin, where he met M. A. Bakunin.

In 1843 the poem “Parasha” appeared, which was highly appreciated by V. G. Belinsky. Acquaintance with the critic, a rapprochement with his entourage that turned into friendship (in particular, with N.A. Nekrasov) changed his literary orientation: from romanticism he turned to an ironic-descriptive poem (“The Landowner”, “Andrey”).

The main work of this period is “Notes of a Hunter”, a cycle of lyrical essays and stories, which began with the story “Khor and Kalinich”. A separate two-volume edition of the cycle was published in 1852, later the stories “The End of Chertopkhanov” (1872), “Living Relics”, “Knocks” (1874). Turgenev showed the diversity of human types, discovering Russia and the Russian man, laying the foundation for the “peasant theme.” “Notes of a Hunter” became the semantic foundation of Turgenev’s entire subsequent work: this is where the theme of the “superfluous man” comes from.

"Rudin" (1856) opens a series of Turgenev's novels. “The Noble Nest”, 1859. “On the Eve”, 1860. “Fathers and Sons”, 1862. “Smoke” 1867. "Nove", 1877

In 1878, at the international literary congress in Paris, the writer was elected vice-president; in 1879 he is an honorary doctor of Oxford University. Turgenev maintains contacts with Russian revolutionaries (P. L. Lavrov, G. A. Lopatin) and provides material support to emigrants. In 1880, Turgenev took part in the celebrations in honor of the opening of the monument to Pushkin in Moscow.

Page Six - "Liberals"

Page seven – “Turgenev and Viardot. Love Story"

But - wow! Applause thunders! You trembled - greedy attention Raises the folds of your forehead. As if something had pushed you, You stood up heavily from the chair, With a clenched hand in a glove, Pressed the double lorgnette to your eyes And turned pale... She came in Oh, this insinuating singing! The flame is hidden in it - there is no salvation! Delight, similar to fear, is already breathtaking! You froze! Ya. Polonsky

“My dear and kind Madame Viardot! How are you doing? Do you often think about me? There is not a day that your sweet image does not appear before me hundreds of times, there is not a night that I do not see you in my dreams...”

“Hello, my dear Turgenev. How late you are with your letter! ... Dear good friend, I extend my hands to you and love you very tenderly... Write to me every week...”

Page eight - “The Last Years of Life” Turgenev turns to memoirs (“Literary and Everyday Memoirs”, 1869-80) and “Poems in Prose” (1877-82), where almost all the main themes of his work are presented, and a summary occurs as if in the presence of approaching death.

He was buried at the Volkov cemetery in St. Petersburg. The funeral in St. Petersburg resulted in a mass demonstration.

Life and work of TURGENEV Ivan Sergeevich ( October 28 (November 9) 1818 – August 22 (September 3) 1883 )

Teacher of Russian language and literature Liliya Vladimirovna Shcherbakova

Epigraph

• A sharp and subtle observer, accurate to the smallest detail, he draws his heroes like a poet and painter. He is equally interested in both their passions and their facial features. With great skill he paints the physical and moral side of phenomena, creating real pictures of reality, and not fantastic sketches.

• P. Merimo

Works by I.S. Turgenev

• Novels and stories:

Asya Breter Spring waters Diary of an Extra Man Jew Notes of a Hunter Calm Mumu Unhappy First love Song of Triumphant Love Petushkov Trip to Polesie After death (Clara Milic ) King Lear of the Steppes Faust Watch Yakov Pasynkov

• Novels:

Noble nest Smoke The day before New Fathers and sons Rudin

• Poetry:

Andrey Parasha Talk Poems (1834-1849) Epigrams. Satirical poems and parodies. Album recordings (1848-1881)

Parents of I.S. Turgenev

Soon the family moves to Spasskoye-Lutovinovo

Mother Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova - a powerful, intelligent woman, but capricious and cruel. A wealthy landowner, mistress of the Spasskoye-Lutovinovo estate.

Father Sergey Nikolaevich - retired lieutenant, participant in the Battle of Borodino.

The writer's childhood.

• The future writer spent his childhood on his mother’s estate, Spasskoye-Lutovinovo (Mtsensk district, Oryol province), where Turgenev learned to have a keen sense of nature and to hate serfdom.

Turgenev manor house

Spasskoye-Lutovinovo

• Church of the Transfiguration at the entrance to the museum territory.
• Alley.

“When you are in Spassky, bow from me to the house, the garden, my young oak tree, bow to your homeland...” Turgenev to Y. Polonsky.

“Russia can do without each of us, but none of us can do without it. Woe to the one who thinks this, double woe to the one who really gets along without it.”

Turgenev.

Roman "Rudin"

• In 1836, Turgenev showed his poetic experiments in a romantic spirit to the writer of Pushkin’s circle, university professor P. A. Pletnev; he invites the student to a literary evening, and in 1838 publishes his poems “Evening” and “To the Venus of Medicine” in Sovremennik (by this time Turgenev had written about a hundred poems, mostly not preserved, and the dramatic poem “Wall”).

P. A. Pletnev

In May 1838, Turgenev went to Germany (the desire to complete his education was combined with rejection of the Russian way of life, based on serfdom). The disaster of the steamship “Nicholas I”, on which Turgenev sailed, will be described by him in the essay “Fire at Sea” (1883; in French).

Until August 1839, Turgenev lived in Berlin, attended lectures at the university, studied classical languages, wrote poetry, and communicated with T. N. Granovsky and N. V. Stankevich. After a short stay in Russia, in January 1840 he went to Italy, but from May 1840 to May 1841 he was again in Berlin, where he met M. A. Bakunin.

• Arriving in Russia, he visits the Bakunins' estate Pryamukhino, (Tver region) and becomes friends with this family: soon an affair with Tatyana Bakunina begins, which does not interfere with his connection with the seamstress Avdotya Ermolaevna Ivanova (in 1842 she would give birth to Turgenev’s daughter Pelageya). In January 1843 Turgenev entered service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

• In May 1845 Turgenev retired.
• From the beginning of 1847 to June 1850, he lives abroad (in Germany, France; Turgenev is a witness to the French Revolution of 1848): he takes care of the sick Belinsky during his travels; communicates closely with P. V. Annenkov, A. I. Herzen, gets acquainted with J. Sand, P. Mérimée, A. de Musset, F. Chopin, C. Gounod;
• Writes the story “Petushkov” (1848), "Diary of an Extra Man" (1850), comedies “The Bachelor” (1849), “Where it’s thin, there it breaks,” “Provincial Girl” (both 1851), psychological drama “A Month in the Country” (1855).

"Notes of a Hunter"

• The main work of this period was “Notes of a Hunter,” a cycle of lyrical essays and stories that began with the story “Khor and Kalinich.” A separate two-volume edition of the cycle was published in 1852, later the stories “The End of Chertop-hanov” (1872), “Living Relics,” “ Knocks" (1874). Turgenev showed the diversity of human types, discovering Russia and the Russian man, laying the foundation for the "peasant theme." “Notes of a Hunter” became the semantic foundation of Turgenev’s entire subsequent work: this is where the theme of the “superfluous man” comes from.

1850s. Literary environment

• In April 1852, for his response to the death of N.V. Gogol, which was banned in St. Petersburg and published in Moscow, Turgenev, by the highest order, was put on the congress (the story “Mumu” ​​was written there). In May he was exiled to Spasskoye, where he lived until December 1853. He worked on the story “Two Friends”. He met A. A. Fet, corresponded with S. T. Aksakov and writers from the Sovremennik circle. A. K. Tolstoy played an important role in efforts to free Turgenev.

• Until July 1856, Turgenev lived in Russia: in the winter, mainly in St. Petersburg, in the summer in Spassky.
• His closest environment is the editorial office of Sovremennik;
• Acquaintances took place with I. A. Goncharov, L. N. Tolstoy and A. N. Ostrovsky;
• Turgenev takes part in the publication of F. I. Tyutchev’s “Poems” (1854) and provides it with a preface.
• The stories “The Calm” (1854), “Yakov Pasynkov” (1855), “Correspondence”, “Faust” (both 1856) were published.

• "Rudin" (1856) opens a series of Turgenev's novels.
• "Nobles' Nest", 1859.
• "On the Eve", 1860.
• "Fathers and Sons", 1862.
• "Smoke" 1867.
• "Nove", 1877.

• Having departed abroad in July 1856, Turgenev finds himself in a painful whirlpool of ambiguous relationships with Viardot and his daughter, who was raised in Paris. After the difficult Parisian winter of 1856-57, he went to England, then to Germany, where he wrote “Asya,” one of the most poetic stories. Spends autumn and winter in Italy. By the summer of 1858 he was in Spassky; in the future, Turgenev’s year will often be divided into “European, winter” and “Russian, summer” seasons.

In wanderings

Glory and sadness

• In 1863, a new rapprochement between Turgenev and Pauline Viardot took place; until 1871 they lived in Baden, then (at the end of the Franco-Prussian War) in Paris. Turgenev is closely associated with G. Flaubert and through him with E. and J. Goncourt, A. Daudet, E. Zola, G. de Maupassant; he assumes the function of an intermediary between Russian and Western literatures.

His pan-European fame is growing :

• in 1878, at the international literary congress in Paris, the writer was elected vice-president; in 1879 he is an honorary doctor of Oxford University. Turgenev maintains contacts with Russian revolutionaries (P. L. Lavrov, G. A. Lopatin) and provides material support to emigrants. In 1880, Turgenev took part in the celebrations in honor of the opening of the monument to Pushkin in Moscow. In 1879-81, the old writer experienced a violent infatuation with the actress M. G. Savina, which colored his last visits to his homeland.

Last years of life

• Turgenev turns to memoirs (“Literary and Everyday Memoirs”, 1869-80) and “Poems in Prose” (1877-82), where almost all the main themes of his work are presented, and summing up takes place as if in the presence of approaching death. Death was preceded by more than a year and a half of painful illness (spinal cord cancer).

“Russian language” is a prose poem.

In days of doubt in the days of painful thoughts about the fate of my homeland, - you alone are my support and support, oh great one, mighty, truthful and free Russian language! Without you, how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything, what happens at home? But you can't believe it so that such a language would not be given to a great people!

Death of a Writer

• Turgenev died courageously, with full consciousness of the approaching end, but without any fear of it. His death (in Bougival near Paris, August 22, 1883) made a huge impression, the expression of which was a grandiose funeral.
• The body of the great writer was, according to his wishes, brought to St. Petersburg and buried in the Volkov cemetery in front of such a crowd of people, which had never before or since been present at the funeral of a private person.

• Buried at the Volkov Cemetery in St. Petersburg

• The funeral in St. Petersburg resulted in a mass demonstration.

Necropolis "Literary Bridges", grave

I.S. Turgeneva.

- “The meaning of the title of the novel”;

- “Composition of the novel “Fathers and Sons.”

Biography Turgenev Ivana Sergeevich (1818 – 1883)

• Ivan Sergeevich was born on October 28 (November 9) in Orel.
• Father, Sergei Nikolaevich, (1793–1834) belonged to the old noble family of the Turgenevs, known since the 15th century.
• Mother, Varvara Petrovna, (1788–1850) – nee Lutovinova, the history of her family dates back to the 17th century.

Parents.

Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev

Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova

• The future writer spent his childhood on the Spasskoye-Lutovinovo estate and estate near the city of Mtsensk, Oryol province, where today the writer’s house-museum is located.

• Turgenev's mother Varvara Petrovna ruled her “subjects” in the manner of an autocratic empress. Her favorite saying was “I want execution, I want sweetheart.” She treated her naturally good-natured and dreamy son harshly, wanting to raise him as a “real Lutovinov,” but in vain. She only wounded the boy’s heart, causing offense to those of her “subjects” to whom he had become attached (later she would become the prototype of capricious ladies in Turgenev’s stories “Mumu”, 1852; “Punin and Baburin”, 1874; etc.).

• At the same time, Varvara Petrovna was an educated woman and not alien to literary interests. She did not skimp on mentors for her sons Nikolai, Ivan and Sergei.
• From an early age, Turgenev was taken abroad, and after the family moved to Moscow in 1827, the young man was taught by the best teachers, and by the time he entered the verbal department of the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow University in 1833, he already spoke French, German, English and wrote poetry.

• In 1834 Turgenev moved to St. Petersburg University, from which he graduated in 1837.
• Turgenev’s first known literary experience dates back to this time - the romantic drama in verse “Wall” (1834, published 1913). Professor of Russian literature P.A. Pletnev found it a weak imitation of D.G. Byron, but noticed that there was “something” in the author, and published two of his poems in his Sovremennik magazine.
• In May 1837, Ivan Sergeevich went to Germany to improve in philosophy (in his Autobiography, he wrote that the main motive for leaving was hatred of serfdom, which darkened his childhood: “I could not breathe the same air, stay close to what I hated. I needed to move away from my enemy so that from my very distance I could attack him more powerfully. In my eyes, this enemy had a certain image, bore a well-known name: serfdom."
• Until 1841, he listened to lectures at the University of Berlin, where he became close to a circle of Russian students, fans of the “Hegelian system” (M.A. Bakunin, T.N. Granovsky, N.V. Stankevich, etc.). Bakunin became his close friend for a long time. Although their relationship ended in a break, Bakunin served as the prototype for Rudin in the novel of the same name.

• In May 1841, Turgenev returned to Russia, intending to teach philosophy (for this purpose, in April-May 1842 he took master's exams at St. Petersburg University). However, the department of philosophy at Moscow University, which he hoped to occupy, was closed and there were no plans to restore it.
• In 1843, after much trouble, Turgenev was enlisted in the office of the Minister of Internal Affairs, where the issue of liberating the peasants was then discussed, but the service did not go well.

• Having met the French singer Pauline Viardot in November 1843, whose love he carried throughout his life, Turgenev increasingly asked for “sick leave” and followed her abroad, and in April 1845 he finally retired and since then often began to visit Germany and France.

• In the first literary performances noticed by the public (the poems " Parasha" , 1843; "Landowner", 1845; story “Andrei Kolosov”, 1844; “Three Portraits”, 1845), the influence of M.Yu. Lermontov prevailed, although in them the image of the “environment” and its disfiguring effect on humans was brought to the fore.
• These first poems and stories by Turgenev were highly appreciated by the main ideologist of the “natural school” V.G. Belinsky, who in many ways was the “mentor” of the aspiring writer.
• Turgenev also tried his hand at drama: the plays “The Freeloader,” 1848, “The Bachelor,” 1849, “A Month in the Country,” 1850, and others were successfully performed in the theater.

• Turgenev's real fame came from small stories and essays, on which he himself did not have high hopes.
• In 1846, once again going abroad, he left an essay for one of the publishers of Sovremennik, I.I. Panaev. Khor and Kalinich . Panaev placed it in the “Mixture” section of the magazine for 1847, accompanied by the subtitle “ From the notes of a hunter" , to incline readers to indulgence.
• Neither the author nor the publisher foresaw the success, but the success was extraordinary. Belinsky in the article “ A look at Russian literature of 1847” wrote , that in this “little play” “the author approached the people from a side from which no one had ever approached them before.”

Novels of Turgenev.

• Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev wrote 6 novels, in each of which the writer touched on pressing issues of our time:

"Rudin", 1855; “Noble Nest”, 1858;

“On the Eve”, 1859;

"Fathers and Sons", 1861;

"Smoke", 1867;

"Nov", 1876).

• Turgenev's "Swan Song" became " Poems in prose" , created by him in the last years of his life (the first part appeared in 1882; the second was not published during his lifetime).
• This lyrical cycle is framed by poems about Russia - “ Village" and "Russian language".
• The last time Turgenev visited Russia was in 1881 and, as if sensing that this was his last visit, he visited his native Spasskoye-Lutovinovo. His last words, spoken before his death on August 22 (September 3), 1883 in Bougival in the south of France, were addressed to the Oryol forests: “Farewell, my dears...”

• In later years, Turgenev received European recognition.
• His literary interests were now largely connected with Europe. He communicates closely with leading French writers - G. Flaubert, J. Sand, E. Zola, etc.; in 1878, together with V. Hugo, he chaired the international literary congress in Paris; receives the title of honorary professor at Oxford University and many other flattering attentions.
• He translates Flaubert's stories into Russian and recommends Russian authors for translations into European languages.

• Turgenev's visits to Russia in 1878 - 1881 were true triumphs.
• The news of his serious illness struck everyone all the more painfully. Turgenev died courageously, with full consciousness of the approaching end, but without any fear of it. This happened at Bougival, near Paris, on August 22, 1883.
• The body of the great writer was, according to his wishes, brought to St. Petersburg and buried in the Volkov cemetery in front of such a crowd of people, which had never before or since been present at the funeral of a private person.

Monument at Turgenev's grave.