Unfortunately, few working citizens know what temperature conditions are considered optimal and what needs to be done if they are violated. Not all employers adhere to the law and are completely inactive on this issue.

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Normative base

On the territory of the Russian Federation, there are a number of laws and rules that clearly regulate working conditions at various temperature conditions, additional payments for exceeding them, and also provide for the procedure for the employer and employees in the event of existing deviations.

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

The Labor Code contains a number of laws that clearly regulate working conditions during temperature deviations, namely:

• Article 212, which clearly regulates the maximum time spent in a room where temperature regime;
• Article 216, part 3, which provides for the possibility of initiating temperature checks of workers themselves;
• Article 216 part 5, which provides for the procedure for filling out inspection reports and submitting them to executive bodies;
• Article 379, which clearly regulates additional payment for work in premises where the temperature regime is violated, as well as a reduction in working hours.

According to this law, the employer has the right to change the work schedule until problems related to temperature conditions are resolved.

SanPiN

The microclimate conditions in the room are determined by the rules of SanPin 2.2.548-96, which prescribes hygienic requirements for industrial or office premises.

According to this rule, the employer’s actions to correct the situation are allowed:

• installation of air conditioners;
• air showering;
• organization of additional rest rooms and so on.

After checking the certification, the hazard class of the premises is mandatory and, if necessary, additional payments for hazards are assigned.

What temperature is considered critical?

The critical temperature is considered critical if it has a downward or upward deviation of more than 5 degrees.

Differences for different categories of workers

There is no division of the employees themselves into categories as such. However, there is a division of premises into categories in which employees carry out their work.

1 category of premises

Their differences lie in the performance of characteristic tasks.

Group A includes premises in which employees work only in a sitting position and the physical activity is light. In this group, energy consumption is no more than 139 W.

The permissible temperature in such rooms is from 21 to 28°C.

Group “b” includes premises whose energy consumption is up to 179 W.

The permissible temperature range is within 24°C.

2nd category of premises

It also has two subgroups “a” and “b”:

• Subgroup “a” includes energy consumption up to 290 W, physical activity up to 10 kg. The permissible temperature limit varies from 18 to 27°C.
• Subgroup “b” includes the same energy consumption and permissible physical activity, however, the temperature regime can vary from 16 to 27°C.

3rd category of premises

Responsible persons

The employer and the trade union organization are directly responsible for maintaining the temperature regime at the employee’s workplace.

In addition, the responsible persons may be the authorities local government and a sanitary and epidemiological station.

Employer actions to reduce working hours in hot weather

If the employer’s actions to establish normal temperature conditions do not bring results, he has the right to reduce working hours.

To do this, he needs to create an order to change the internal labor regulations due to temperature deviations. Moreover, these actions must be coordinated with the workers' union.

Example of an order:

An example of an order to introduce a shortened working day

The working day can be shortened by 1 hour for small deviations and more for deviations of 5 degrees or higher (or lower).

How and when to take measurements?

The temperature regime is measured if the deviation upward or downward exceeds 5 degrees. At the same time, deviations should not be gradual, but carried out within 1 working day.

Measurements take place 3 times a day, with the indicators being recorded in a special inspection report.

The measurement is carried out with a pyrometer, which has passed all metrological verifications and is certified.

Documenting

The temperature check is documented in the form of a report.

The head of a workshop or department can send to the head of the organization memo in order to notify him of the need to introduce a shortened working day due to the heat.

Example:

Remuneration issues

In the event that working hours are reduced due to temperature deviations, current legislation is strictly prohibited from reducing the level of wages for employees who have become hostage to this situation.

In the event that an employee’s work activity initially required elevated temperature conditions (steelworkers, etc.), such categories of employees should be provided with additional payment; in its absence, the employee has the right to write a complaint to the prosecutor’s office.

If the employer fails to act

Often employers completely ignore the issue of improving temperature indicators. But what should employees do in such cases?

Employee actions

An employee who works under abnormal temperature conditions has the right to write a complaint to such authorities as:

• prosecution authorities;
• sanitary and epidemiological station;
• trade union.

These bodies are required to carry out appropriate measurements within a 10-day period to identify violations, after which a penalty for the employer will be determined and a plan to improve the situation will be developed.

In addition, the employee has the right to write a refusal to work, according to which his working day should either be reduced or completely absent until the situation improves.

In this case, payment is made according to the established tariff rate.

Documentation of refusal to work

Refusal to work must be done in writing.

The document consists of:

• hats;
• main part;
• numbers and signatures.

The header of the document states:

• Company name;
• employer's initials;
• position and initials of the employee.

The main part contains the text of the refusal to work.

An example of this is:

I, Anna Vladimirovna Koltakova, refuse to carry out my work activities until the temperature deviations in the room are eliminated. My actions fully comply with current legislation.

Few people know that the temperature in the workplace has a significant impact on the health and performance of employees. For each season, temperature limits are established that every employer must adhere to. Their violation means non-compliance with workers' rights. If you encounter a similar problem, we recommend that you draw your attention to the contents of this article.

What temperature should the room be at work according to the Labor Code?

Each employee, when carrying out his professional activities, must know that labor legislation guarantees the protection of his rights. The relevant legal acts indicate aspects that ensure the safety of life and the health of workers. The temperature in the workplace directly affects the condition of the personnel. In view of this, the Labor Code provides for the following rules that must be observed when working indoors:

• According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the manager is obliged to provide the workers with proper working conditions. In case of violation of legal norms, punishment is provided;
• Carrying out sanitary, hygienic and other measures in the premises of the organization is provided for by law;
• Each office of the institution must be equipped with mechanisms for heating, ventilation and cooling;
• The law determines the temperature that should be in the room at different time of the year. If the temperature regime differs from that established by law, employees have the right to claim a reduction in working time. Deviation from the norm by two degrees reduces the duration labor activity.

Temperature conditions for office work

Office workers, like other workers, are subject to the principles outlined in labor legislation. This category of employees works in enclosed spaces, so temperature standards are important for them.
The legal temperature for working in an office must be:

• In summer - 23-25 ​​degrees. In this case, a deviation from the norm of 2 degrees is allowed. After the temperature in the room has been established at 28 degrees, workers may demand a reduction in working time.
• In winter 22-24 degrees. The thermometer is allowed to fluctuate by 3-4 degrees.

If temperature violations occur at the place of duty, the manager is obliged to take appropriate measures. Such methods include:

• If it is necessary to cool or heat the room, special equipment must be provided;
• If possible, the employer should provide employees with additional breaks during work;
• Depending on the time of year, staff should be provided with hot or cold water.

What should the room temperature be at work in winter?

It is difficult to carry out work at low temperatures. In addition, low temperature limits negatively impact the health and productivity of employees. Therefore, the Labor Code outlined the temperature regime necessary for normal activity. When working indoors in winter, the thermometer should be at 22-24 degrees. If the heating regime of the room was violated and the employer did not take appropriate measures, then he may be punished.

• He may be brought to administrative liability, which entails payment of a fine;
• Or he will have to pay compensation for moral damages to the injured workers.

Temperature conditions when working outside in winter

Particularly harsh weather conditions in winter make it difficult to carry out work and negatively affect the health of workers. It should be noted that the Labor Code provides for some rules that all managers must follow. The relevant rules are as follows:

• When working outside in winter, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation notes the need to provide workers with special breaks for rest and heating. To do this, the employer must equip a premises that will serve for these purposes;
• The number of rest periods is determined based on a number of factors. We are talking about the temperature outside, the specifics of the work, the climate. Depending on these conditions, pauses should be repeated every hour or hour and a half;
• All data and rules for working at different temperature conditions must be indicated in the internal labor regulations. They must comply with the law;
• The worker must have all the necessary equipment to carry out his duties outside in winter;
• In addition, the organization must provide staff with medications to restore performance;
• If workers are unable to continue due to low temperatures professional activity, then non-working time will be paid at a double rate.

Outdoor operating temperature

• At any time of the year, workers must have all the conditions that make it easier to carry out work.
• Only adults may be allowed to work at low temperatures outdoors. They must be briefed on safety precautions and a medical examination is also important.
• Outdoor work stops at the temperature established by law. Each region of Russia has an excellent temperature regime. In winter, limits are set at -25-30 degrees. In summer 35 degrees.
• In specially equipped rooms, the number of degrees should not be lower than 21. Special heating means must be present.
• Mandatory breaks in service are included in working time and must be paid.

Temperature at work and shorter working hours

The law establishes that employees can count on a reduction in work hours if the temperature at the place of work does not meet the standards. There are some rules for reducing working hours:

• If the employer does not take action to change the situation, then the staff goes on vacation. In this case, payment for this period is made in double amount;
• For any deviation from the norm, the length of the day of service is reduced by an hour. One degree of temperature equals one hour of labor.

An important condition when carrying out work is compliance with all rules for protecting the health of workers. Temperature conditions in the room or on open area is important in the service. Legislation ensures that all workers have the opportunity to protect their rights under the law. Therefore, if your employer violates your rights, it is recommended to turn to legal acts.

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 Hygienic requirements for microclimate production premises(October 1, 1996 N 21)

Sanitary rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises” (approved by Resolution of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of the Russian Federation dated October 1, 1996 N 21)

See also Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.4.1294-03 “Hygienic requirements for the air ion composition of air in industrial public premises”, approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on April 18, 2003.

Hygienic requirements to occupational microclimate

Relative humidity;

Air speed;

Intensity of thermal irradiation.

5. Optimal microclimate conditions

5.1. Optimal microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria of the optimal thermal and functional state of a person. They provide a general and local feeling of thermal comfort during an 8-hour work shift with minimal stress on the thermoregulatory mechanisms, do not cause deviations in health, create the prerequisites for a high level of performance and are preferred in the workplace.

5.2. Optimal values ​​of microclimate indicators must be observed at workplaces of industrial premises where operator-type work associated with nervous and emotional stress is performed (in cabins, at consoles and control stations for technological processes, in computer rooms, etc.). The list of other workplaces and types of work in which optimal microclimate values ​​must be ensured is determined by the Sanitary Rules for individual industries and other documents agreed upon with the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision authorities in the prescribed manner.

See Rules for labor protection in logging, woodworking industries and during forestry work POT RM 001 - 97, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 21, 1997 N 15

5.3. The optimal microclimate parameters at workplaces should correspond to the values ​​given in

5.4. Changes in air temperature in height and horizontally, as well as changes in air temperature during a shift, while ensuring optimal microclimate values ​​in the workplace, should not exceed 2°C and go beyond the values ​​​​specified in Table 1 for certain categories of work.

Table 1

6. Acceptable microclimate conditions

6.1. Permissible microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria for the permissible thermal and functional state of a person for the period of an 8-hour working period. They do not cause damage or health problems, but can lead to general and local sensations of thermal discomfort, tension in the thermoregulatory mechanisms, deterioration of well-being and decreased performance.

6.2. Acceptable values ​​of microclimate indicators are established in cases where, due to technological requirements, technical and economically justified reasons, optimal values ​​cannot be ensured.

6.3. Acceptable values ​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces must correspond to the values ​​given in in relation to the performance of work of various categories in the cold and warm periods of the year.

6.4. When ensuring acceptable microclimate values ​​at workplaces:

The difference in air temperature in height should be no more than 3° C;

The horizontal air temperature difference, as well as its changes during the shift, should not exceed: at - 4° C; at - 5° C; at - 6° C.

In this case, the absolute values ​​of the air temperature should not go beyond the values ​​​​specified in for certain categories of work.

6.5. When the air temperature in the workplace is 25° C and above, the maximum permissible values ​​of relative air humidity should not exceed the limits:

70% - at an air temperature of 25°C;

65% - at an air temperature of 26°C;

60% - at an air temperature of 27°C;

55% - at an air temperature of 28°C.

6.6. At an air temperature of 26-28°C, the air speed indicated in Table 2 for the warm period of the year must correspond to the range:

0.1-0.2 m/s - for work category Ia;

0.1-0.3 m/s - for work category Ib;

0.2-0.4 m/s - for work category IIa;

table 2

Acceptable values ​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces of industrial premises

6.7. Permissible values ​​of the intensity of thermal radiation of workers in the workplace from production sources heated to a dark glow (materials, products, etc.) must correspond to the values ​​​​given in Table 3.

Table 3

6.8. The permissible values ​​of the intensity of thermal radiation working from radiation sources heated to a white and red glow (hot or molten metal, glass, flame, etc.) should not exceed 140 W/sq.m. In this case, more than 25% of the body surface should not be exposed to irradiation and the use of personal protection, including face and eye protection.

6.9. In the presence of thermal radiation of workers, the air temperature in the workplace should not exceed the following values, depending on the category of work:

25° C - for work category Ia;

24° C - for work category Ib;

22° C - for work category IIa;

21° C - for work category IIb;

20° C - for work category III.

6.10. In industrial premises in which permissible standard values ​​for microclimate indicators cannot be established due to technological requirements for the production process or economically justified inexpediency, microclimate conditions should be considered harmful and dangerous. In order to prevent the adverse effects of the microclimate, protective measures should be used (for example, local air conditioning systems, air showers, compensation for the adverse effects of one microclimate parameter by changing another, special clothing and other personal protective equipment, rooms for rest and heating, regulation of work hours, in particular , breaks in work, reduction of working hours, increase in vacation duration, decrease in length of service, etc.).

6.11. To assess the combined impact of microclimate parameters in order to implement measures to protect workers from possible overheating, it is recommended to use the integral indicator of the thermal load of the environment ( ), the values ​​of which are given in applications 2.

6.12. To regulate the working time within a work shift in microclimate conditions with air temperatures at workplaces higher or lower than permissible values, it is recommended to follow And applications 3.

7. Requirements for the organization of control and methods for measuring microclimate

7.1. Measurements of microclimate indicators in order to monitor their compliance with hygienic requirements should be carried out during the cold period of the year - on days with the outside air temperature differing from the average temperature of the coldest month of winter by no more than 5 ° C, in the warm period of the year - on days with outside temperature air, differing from the average maximum temperature of the hottest month by no more than 5 ° C. The frequency of measurements in both periods of the year is determined by the stability of the production process, the functioning of technological and sanitary equipment.

7.2. When choosing areas and measurement times, it is necessary to take into account all factors affecting the microclimate of workplaces (phases of the technological process, functioning of ventilation and heating systems, etc.). Measurements of microclimate indicators should be carried out at least 3 times per shift (at the beginning, middle and end). In case of fluctuations in microclimate parameters associated with technological and other reasons, it is necessary to carry out additional measurements at the highest and lowest values ​​of thermal loads on workers.

7.3. Measurements should be carried out at workplaces. If the workplace consists of several areas of the production premises, then measurements are carried out at each of them.

7.4. If there are sources of local heat release, cooling or moisture release (heated units, windows, doorways, gates, open bathtubs, etc.), measurements should be carried out at each workplace at points minimally and maximally distant from sources of thermal influence.

7.5. In rooms with a high density of workplaces, in the absence of sources of local heat release, cooling or moisture release, areas for measuring temperature, relative humidity and air velocity should be distributed evenly over the area of ​​the room in accordance with Table 4.

Minimum number of areas for measuring temperature, relative humidity and air speed

7.6. When working while sitting, the temperature and speed of air movement should be measured at a height of 0.1 and 1.0 m, relative air humidity - at a height of 1.0 m from the floor or working platform. When working while standing, the temperature and speed of air movement should be measured at a height of 0.1 and 1.5 m, and the relative humidity of the air - at a height of 1.5 m.

7.7. In the presence of radiant heat sources, thermal exposure in the workplace must be measured from each source, placing the receiver of the device perpendicular to the incident flux. Measurements should be taken at a height of 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 m from the floor or working platform.

7.8. The temperature of surfaces should be measured in cases where workplaces are no more than two meters away from them. The temperature of each surface is measured similarly to measuring air temperature according to clause 7.6.

7.9. Temperature and relative humidity in the presence of sources of thermal radiation and air currents in the workplace should be measured using aspiration psychrometers. In the absence of radiant heat and air flows in the measuring areas, the temperature and relative humidity of the air can be measured with psychrometers that are not protected from the effects of thermal radiation and air velocity. Instruments that allow you to separately measure temperature and air humidity can also be used.

7.10. The speed of air movement should be measured with rotational anemometers (vane, cup, etc.). Small values ​​of air velocity (less than 0.5 m/s), especially in the presence of multidirectional flows, can be measured with thermoelectric anemometers, as well as cylindrical and ball catathermometers, if they are protected from thermal radiation.

7.11. The temperature of surfaces should be measured with contact instruments (such as electric thermometers) or remote ones (pyrometers, etc.).

7.12. The intensity of thermal radiation should be measured with instruments that provide a sensor viewing angle close to a hemisphere (at least 160°) and are sensitive in the infrared and visible regions of the spectrum (actinometers, radiometers, etc.).

7.13. The measuring range and permissible error of measuring instruments must comply with the requirements

7.14. Based on the results of the study, it is necessary to draw up a protocol that should reflect general information about the production facility, the placement of technological and sanitary equipment, sources of heat generation, cooling and moisture release, a diagram of the location of areas for measuring microclimate parameters and other data.

7.15. At the conclusion of the protocol, the results of the measurements performed should be assessed for compliance with regulatory requirements.

Table 5

Annex 1

(informative)

Characteristics of individual categories of work

2. K category Ia include work with an energy intensity of up to 120 kcal/h (up to 139 W), performed while sitting and accompanied by minor physical stress (a number of professions in precision instrumentation and mechanical engineering enterprises, in watchmaking, clothing production, management, etc.).

3. K category Ib include work with an energy intensity of 121-150 kcal/h (140-174 W), performed while sitting, standing or associated with walking and accompanied by some physical stress (a number of professions in the printing industry, at communications enterprises, controllers, craftsmen in various types of production and etc.).

4. K category II include work with an energy intensity of 151-200 kcal/h (175-232 W), associated with constant walking, moving small (up to 1 kg) products or objects in a standing or sitting position and requiring a certain physical stress (a number of professions in mechanical assembly shops of machine-building enterprises, in spinning and weaving production, etc.).

5. K category IIb include work with an energy intensity of 201-250 kcal/h (233-290 W), associated with walking, moving and carrying weights up to 10 kg and accompanied by moderate physical stress (a number of professions in mechanized foundries, rolling, forging, thermal, welding shops of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

6. K category III include work with an energy intensity of more than 250 kcal/h (more than 290 W), associated with constant movement, movement and carrying of significant (over 10 kg) weights and requiring great physical effort (a number of professions in forge shops with manual forging, foundries with manual stuffing and filling of flasks of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

Appendix 2

Determination of the thermal load index of the environment (THI index)

1. Index (THC index) is an empirical indicator characterizing the combined effect of microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air speed and thermal radiation) on the human body.

2. The THC index is determined based on the temperature of the wet bulb of an aspiration psychrometer (tvl.) and the temperature inside the blackened ball (tsh).

3. The temperature inside the blackened ball is measured by a thermometer, the reservoir of which is placed in the center of the blackened hollow ball; tsh reflects the influence of air temperature, surface temperature and air speed. The blackened ball must have a diameter of 90 mm, the minimum possible thickness and an absorption coefficient of 0.95. The accuracy of measuring the temperature inside the ball is +-0.5° C.

4. TNS index is calculated using the equation:

THC = 0.7 x tvl. + 0.3 x tsh.

thermal load of the environment at workplaces where the speed of movement

air do not exceed 0.6 m/s, and the intensity of thermal radiation -

1. In order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling, when the air temperature in the workplace is higher or lower than permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or cumulatively for a work shift) should be limited to the values ​​​​specified in And of this application. At the same time, the average air temperature at which workers are located during a work shift at workplaces and rest areas should not exceed the permissible air temperature limits for the relevant categories of work specified in Table 2 of these Sanitary Rules.

Table 1

Other microclimate indicators (relative air humidity, air speed, surface temperature, intensity of thermal radiation) at workplaces must be within the permissible values ​​of these Sanitary Rules.

Bibliographic data

1. Guide R 2.2.4/2.1.8. Hygienic assessment and control of physical factors of production and environment(under approval).

2. Building codes and regulations. SNiP 2.01.01. "Building climatology and geophysics."

3. Methodological recommendations “Assessment of a person’s thermal state in order to substantiate hygienic requirements for the microclimate of workplaces and measures to prevent cooling and overheating” N 5168-90 dated 03/05/90. In: Hygienic principles for preventing the adverse effects of industrial microclimate on the human body. V.43, M. 1991, pp. 192-211.

4. Guide R 2.2.013-94. Occupational hygiene. Hygienic criteria for assessing working conditions in terms of harmfulness and danger of factors in the working environment, severity and intensity of the labor process. Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia, M, 1994, 42 p.

5. GOST 12.1.005-88 "General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area."

6. Building codes and regulations. SNiP 2.04.95-91 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".

_________________________________________________________________

*(1) The temperature of the surfaces of enclosing structures (walls, ceilings, floors), devices (screens, etc.), as well as technological equipment or devices enclosing it, is taken into account.

*(2) At air temperatures of 25° C and above, the maximum values ​​of relative air humidity must be taken in accordance with the requirements

*(3) At air temperatures of 26-28° C, the speed of air movement in the warm period of the year should be taken in accordance with the requirements

Current legislation on occupational safety issues establishes fairly strict temperature standards in the workplace and in the workroom. However, not every ordinary employee or even employer knows what temperature should be in the workplace and what other requirements are associated with this aspect of work. Legislation and regulatory documents, in turn, provide full legal regulation of this issue, including from a procedural point of view.

Temperature in the workplace - legal regulation and legislation

Russian legislation strives to provide workers with the opportunity to work in conditions that are safe for their health, and temperature in the workplace is one of the main indicators affecting labor safety. Legal regulation These issues are covered by the provisions of various regulatory documents and primarily include the following legal acts:

For some categories of work, special temperature requirements may be established. In this case, it will be necessary to be guided by separate regulatory documents that regulate any specific type of activity. The standards of the above-mentioned SanPiN apply to all types of activities without exception.

Standard temperature in the working room

The answer to the question of what temperature should be in the workplace largely depends on the nature of the work, the time of year and a number of other indicators. At the same time, the general standards are quite simple and look like this:

Current standards assume the presence of possible deviations from the temperature regime and minor fluctuations and temperature changes. However, the presence of long-term deviations is the basis for reducing workers' working hours.

In addition to complying with the requirements for ensuring the normal temperature in the workroom, the employer must also pay attention to humidity indicators. In most cases, relative humidity should be between 40-60%.

Responsibility for failure to comply with temperature standards in the work area

If an employer does not comply with the requirements to ensure normal temperature in the workplace, then he may be held liable for violating current legislation. At the same time, employees have the right to demand the initiation of an inspection if they have a suspicion that the temperature and humidity conditions do not comply with legal requirements. It should also be remembered that elevated or reduced temperatures can be considered normal if they are constant, their exposure is considered a harmful or dangerous factor of production and the employee receives all additional guarantees appropriate for the given work.

In cases where there is a clear violation of the requirements labor legislation, the employer may be held accountable for failure to comply with temperature standards in the workroom under Article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which will entail a fine of 2 to 20 thousand rubles, depending on the status of the offender.

The concept of a temperature log has nothing to do with ensuring the normal temperature in the workplace. These logs are used to evaluate performance and monitor specific refrigeration equipment, and their maintenance in relation to checking the indicators in the premises is not necessary.

Temperature checks at the workplace are carried out upon request or complaint from employees, as well as in the event of a regular special assessment of working conditions to determine the hazard class of these conditions. At the same time, assigning the status of a job as harmful or dangerous may require the employer to also provide employees with personal protective equipment from negative conditions.

Another aspect that employers should pay attention to is the actual negative impact of inappropriate temperatures on employees. Thus, violation of the temperature regime can lead not only to fines, but also to an increased frequency of sick leave among employees. In addition, temperature conditions can also affect the development and appearance of individual occupational diseases, which will require the formation of an investigation commission at the enterprise and additional costs on the part of the organization.

Elevated air temperatures have a harmful effect on the body. Well-being and health deteriorate, and performance decreases. Work at elevated air temperatures in a production facility or work outdoors during the hot season must be carefully planned; the work and rest regime for such work must comply with the requirements established by regulatory documents.
In accordance with MP 2.2.8.0017-10 ( Guidelines“Occupational hygiene. Collective and individual protective equipment. Work and rest regimes for workers in a heating microclimate in a production facility and in open areas during the warm period of the year", establishing hygienic requirements for the work regime in a heating microclimate and in open areas), the permissible duration of continuous stay in a heating microclimate depends on energy consumption. On average, for temperatures of 26-28 degrees Celsius with extremely low physical activity, the total duration is 3-5 hours, and with very high energy costs - from one and a half to two and a half; The “work-rest” mode thus looks like 25-40 minutes of work for light work, and 10-20 minutes for heavy work within one hour.
Then you need to spend time in a room with a comfortable microclimate (15-20 minutes - light work; for more difficult work, the time increases).
Another document relevant to the subject of the article is “ SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. Physical factors of the production environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and regulations". This document establishes the recommended time of stay at the workplace when the air temperature exceeds permissible values.
Quote from the document (not an official publication, provided for reference, there may be differences from the text normative document in connection with a revision or change in the norms of the document):

TIME AT WORKPLACES

WHEN THE AIR TEMPERATURE IS ABOVE PERMITTED VALUES

Air temperature at workplace, °C	Stay time, no more, at

Categories of work can be determined according to Appendix 1 to SanPiN. In general terms, category Ia includes sedentary work with little physical stress (management, clothing industry, and so on.). Category Ib includes slightly heavier work (work while sitting, standing, walking, work as a foreman, as a controller). Category IIa includes heavier work - essentially this is the work of the previous category, supplemented by the movement of products and objects weighing up to 1 kilogram. The next category IIb is characterized by carrying and moving heavy objects weighing up to 10 kg. Category III– heavy work associated with movement, moving (carrying) weights over 10 kg, requiring great physical effort.
Some recommendations for those working at elevated temperatures (indoors, open air):

1. Limit exposure to air. Organize rest every 15-20 minutes in a refrigerated room or room with normal temperature(at 24-25 ° C).
2. Provide ventilation, turn on fans. Avoid sudden and/or significant cooling of the body due to the temperature difference between the ambient air of the work area and the rest room - especially when air conditioners are installed in the rest areas.
3. Working at temperatures above 37 °C is considered hazardous. Plan your work so that hazardous work is carried out in the morning or evening.
4. Maintain drinking regime. The temperature of water and drinks should be 12...15 °C (this temperature is optimal). It is recommended to provide juices, fortified drinks, lactic acid drinks, oxygen-protein cocktails - to compensate for the loss of salts and microelements through sweat. You need to drink little and often. The total amount of water, as a rule, is not limited, but it is better to regulate the volume of a single dose - no more than one glass. However, remember it is not advisable to drink more than 1.5 liters of fluid per day to avoid excessive stress on the kidneys. People with kidney and cardiovascular diseases should not increase the amount of water consumption.
5. If possible, to maintain immunity and reduce intoxication in the body, you need to eat fruits and vegetables.
6. To prevent injuries, hot surfaces are insulated or fenced, and if necessary, a safe time (duration) of contact with the surface is established.
7. Outdoors, you must wear hats and sunglasses.
8. Avoid fatty foods and minimize meat consumption (replace it with fish and seafood).
9. Take cool showers throughout the day.

In conclusion, let us give one more general rule, applicable to all situations: if you feel unwell, consult a doctor immediately, do not try to “lie down” or “self-heal”. During the hot season, the load on the heart increases and the number of heart attacks increases. Don’t be careless about your health, take care of yourself.

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