Life and work of TURGENEV Ivan Sergeevich ( October 28 (November 9) 1818 – August 22 (September 3) 1883 )
Teacher of Russian language and literature Liliya Vladimirovna Shcherbakova
Epigraph
- A sharp and subtle observer, precise to the smallest detail, he draws his heroes like a poet and painter. He is equally interested in both their passions and their facial features. With great skill he paints the physical and moral side of phenomena, creating real pictures of reality, and not fantastic sketches.
- P. Merimo
Works by I.S. Turgenev
- Novels and stories:
Asya Breter Spring waters Diary of an Extra Man Jew Notes of a Hunter Calm Mumu Unhappy First love Song of Triumphant Love Petushkov Trip to Polesie After death (Clara Milic ) King Lear of the Steppes Faust Watch Yakov Pasynkov
- Novels:
Noble nest Smoke The day before New Fathers and sons Rudin
- Poetry:
Andrey Parasha Talk Poems (1834-1849) Epigrams. Satirical poems and parodies. Album recordings (1848-1881)
Parents of I.S. Turgenev
Soon the family moves to Spasskoye-Lutovinovo
Mother Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova - a powerful, intelligent woman, but capricious and cruel. A wealthy landowner, mistress of the Spasskoye-Lutovinovo estate.
Father Sergey Nikolaevich - retired lieutenant, participant in the Battle of Borodino.
The writer's childhood.
- The future writer spent his childhood on his mother’s estate, Spasskoye-Lutovinovo (Mtsensk district, Oryol province), where Turgenev learned to have a keen sense of nature and to hate serfdom.
Turgenev manor house
Spasskoye-Lutovinovo
- Church of the Transfiguration at the entrance to the museum territory.
- Alley.
“When you are in Spassky, bow from me to the house, the garden, my young oak tree, bow to your homeland...” Turgenev to Y. Polonsky.
“Russia can do without each of us, but none of us can do without it. Woe to the one who thinks this, double woe to the one who really gets along without it.”
Turgenev.
Roman "Rudin"
- In 1836, Turgenev showed his poetic experiments in a romantic spirit to the writer of Pushkin’s circle, university professor P. A. Pletnev; he invites the student to a literary evening, and in 1838 publishes his poems “Evening” and “To the Venus of Medicine” in Sovremennik (by this time Turgenev had written about a hundred poems, mostly not preserved, and the dramatic poem “Wall”).
P. A. Pletnev
In May 1838, Turgenev went to Germany (the desire to complete his education was combined with rejection of the Russian way of life, based on serfdom). The disaster of the steamship “Nicholas I”, on which Turgenev sailed, will be described by him in the essay “Fire at Sea” (1883; in French).
Until August 1839, Turgenev lived in Berlin, attended lectures at the university, studied classical languages, wrote poetry, and communicated with T. N. Granovsky and N. V. Stankevich. After a short stay in Russia, in January 1840 he went to Italy, but from May 1840 to May 1841 he was again in Berlin, where he met M. A. Bakunin.
- Arriving in Russia, he visits the Bakunins' estate Pryamukhino, (Tver region) and becomes friends with this family: soon an affair with Tatyana Bakunina begins, which does not interfere with his connection with the seamstress Avdotya Ermolaevna Ivanova (in 1842 she would give birth to Turgenev’s daughter Pelageya). In January 1843 Turgenev entered service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- In May 1845 Turgenev retired.
- From the beginning of 1847 to June 1850, he lives abroad (in Germany, France; Turgenev is a witness to the French Revolution of 1848): he takes care of the sick Belinsky during his travels; communicates closely with P. V. Annenkov, A. I. Herzen, gets acquainted with J. Sand, P. Mérimée, A. de Musset, F. Chopin, C. Gounod;
- Writes the story “Petushkov” (1848), "Diary of an Extra Man" (1850), comedies “The Bachelor” (1849), “Where it’s thin, there it breaks,” “Provincial Girl” (both 1851), psychological drama “A Month in the Country” (1855).
"Notes of a Hunter"
- The main work of this period was “Notes of a Hunter,” a cycle of lyrical essays and stories that began with the story “Khor and Kalinich.” A separate two-volume edition of the cycle was published in 1852, later the stories “The End of Chertop-hanov” (1872), “Living Relics,” “ Knocks" (1874). Turgenev showed the diversity of human types, discovering Russia and the Russian man, laying the foundation for the "peasant theme." “Notes of a Hunter” became the semantic foundation of Turgenev’s entire subsequent work: this is where the theme of the “superfluous man” comes from.
1850s. Literary environment
- In April 1852, for his response to the death of N.V. Gogol, which was banned in St. Petersburg and published in Moscow, Turgenev, by the highest order, was put on the congress (the story “Mumu” was written there). In May he was exiled to Spasskoye, where he lived until December 1853. He worked on the story “Two Friends”. He meets A. A. Fet, corresponds with S. T. Aksakov and writers from the Sovremennik circle. A. K. Tolstoy played an important role in efforts to free Turgenev.
- Until July 1856, Turgenev lived in Russia: in the winter, mainly in St. Petersburg, in the summer in Spassky.
- His closest environment is the editorial office of Sovremennik;
- Acquaintances took place with I. A. Goncharov, L. N. Tolstoy and A. N. Ostrovsky;
- Turgenev takes part in the publication of F. I. Tyutchev’s “Poems” (1854) and provides it with a preface.
- The stories “The Calm” (1854), “Yakov Pasynkov” (1855), “Correspondence”, “Faust” (both 1856) were published.
- "Rudin" (1856) opens a series of Turgenev's novels.
- "Nobles' Nest", 1859.
- "On the Eve", 1860.
- "Fathers and Sons", 1862.
- "Smoke" 1867.
- "Nove", 1877.
- Having departed abroad in July 1856, Turgenev finds himself in a painful whirlpool of ambiguous relationships with Viardot and his daughter, who was raised in Paris. After the difficult Parisian winter of 1856-57, he went to England, then to Germany, where he wrote “Asya,” one of the most poetic stories. Spends autumn and winter in Italy. By the summer of 1858 he was in Spassky; in the future, Turgenev’s year will often be divided into “European, winter” and “Russian, summer” seasons.
In wanderings
Glory and sadness
- In 1863, a new rapprochement between Turgenev and Pauline Viardot took place; until 1871 they lived in Baden, then (at the end of the Franco-Prussian War) in Paris. Turgenev is closely associated with G. Flaubert and, through him, with E. and J. Goncourt, A. Daudet, E. Zola, G. de Maupassant; he assumes the function of an intermediary between Russian and Western literatures.
His pan-European fame is growing :
- in 1878, at the international literary congress in Paris, the writer was elected vice-president; in 1879 he is an honorary doctor of Oxford University. Turgenev maintains contacts with Russian revolutionaries (P. L. Lavrov, G. A. Lopatin) and provides material support to emigrants. In 1880, Turgenev took part in the celebrations in honor of the opening of the monument to Pushkin in Moscow. In 1879-81, the old writer experienced a violent infatuation with the actress M. G. Savina, which colored his last visits to his homeland.
Last years of life
- Turgenev turns to memoirs (“Literary and Everyday Memoirs”, 1869-80) and “Poems in Prose” (1877-82), where almost all the main themes of his work are presented, and summing up takes place as if in the presence of approaching death. Death was preceded by more than a year and a half of painful illness (spinal cord cancer).
“Russian language” is a prose poem.
In days of doubt in the days of painful thoughts about the fate of my homeland, - you alone are my support and support, oh great one, mighty, truthful and free Russian language! Without you, how not to fall into despair at the sight of everything, what happens at home? But you can't believe it so that such a language would not be given to a great people!
Death of a Writer
- Turgenev died courageously, with full awareness of the approaching end, but without any fear of it. His death (in Bougival near Paris, August 22, 1883) made a huge impression, the expression of which was a grandiose funeral.
- The body of the great writer was, according to his wishes, brought to St. Petersburg and buried in the Volkov cemetery in front of such a crowd of people, which had never before or since been present at the funeral of a private person.
- Buried at the Volkov Cemetery in St. Petersburg
- The funeral in St. Petersburg resulted in a mass demonstration.
Necropolis "Literary Bridges", grave
I.S. Turgeneva.
- “The meaning of the title of the novel”;
- “Composition of the novel “Fathers and Sons.”
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2 slide
The writer was born in Orel, but most of his time was spent on the Spasskoye-Lutovinovo estate (mother’s estate). Mother - Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova, father Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev.
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1827 - Turgenev moves to Moscow. Ivan Turgenev studies at the boarding school at the Lazarevsky Institute, the boy studied there for 6 years.
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1833 - entered Moscow State University in the literature department, but studied only for a year. During this time, I met Griboyedov, Stankevich, and studied simultaneously with Herzen, Belinsky, Lermontov, and Goncharov.
5 slide
1834 - leaves for St. Petersburg and continues his studies at the Faculty of Philosophy. At the same time he writes poetry and the philosophical poem "The Wall". Translates Byron and Shakespeare from English.
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1838 - after graduating from the St. Petersburg Institute, he leaves for Germany and continues to study philosophy at the University of Berlin. In Germany he became very close to Stankevich, Granovsky and M. Bakunin (anarchist theorist). Bakunin became the prototype of Rudin, Bakunin was a difficult and contradictory person, smart, talented, had a strong will, and at the same time he was despotic and proud, unceremoniously interfered in other people's affairs, loved to teach and lead other people.
7 slide
1841 - returns to St. Petersburg, takes exams for a Master of Philosophical Sciences, but after receiving the title, leaves philosophy.
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Slide 9
1843 - acquaintance with the French singer Pauline Viardot, she was married. All of Turgenev’s funds were given to this family, but the singer did not abandon her husband, she paid Turgenev with tender friendship, but could not give more. When he was fatally ill with cancer, she was always with him.
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1947 - Turgenev brought Nekrasov to Sovremennik his story “Khor and Kalinich”, to which Nekrasov made the subtitle “From the Notes of a Hunter”. This story began Turgenev's literary activity. In the same year, Turgenev took Belinsky to Germany for treatment. Belinsky dies in Germany in 1848.
11 slide
1849 - lives in France and buys a house in the town of Courtaville to be closer to Viardot.
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Slide 13
1850-52 writes the plays “Breakfast at the Leader”, “The Bachelor”, etc.
Slide 14
1852 - wrote an obituary for the death of Gogol; for printing this obituary, he was arrested, and then exiled to his estate for 1 year. The real reason for his exile was the anti-serfdom book “Notes of a Hunter.” After his release, he spends most of his life abroad, but visits Russia almost every year. 50s, when Turgenev creates a number of novels.
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.
Essay on life and creativity.
Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich
The main thing in it is
it is his truthfulness. L.N. Tolstoy
Evening over Spassky
dim like September,
The ancient park is familiar to every detail.
A Russian master created in this estate,
Mighty master of language.
I.S. Turgenev was born on October 28 (November 9), 1818 in the family of Sergei Nikolaevich and Varvara Petrovna Turgenev. His father, a retired cavalry officer, came from an old noble family. Mother is from the low-born but wealthy landowner family of the Lutovinovs.
I.S. Turgenev in 1833 entered Moscow University at the Faculty of Literature, where he studied for only one year. He completed his university course in St. Petersburg in 1837. In 1838, Turgenev left to “finish his studies” in Berlin.
Page Four - “Years of Study”
The first literary works. Collaboration in the Sovremennik magazine. Publication of stories from “Notes of a Hunter”
“When I am gone, when everything that was me crumbles to dust, - oh you, my only friend, oh you, whom I loved so deeply and so tenderly, you who will probably outlive me - do not go to my grave. ..You have nothing to do there. Don’t forget me... but don’t remember me among your daily worries, pleasures and needs...”
Illness and death I.S. Turgenev
We are waiting: Turgenev is about to appear
In a battered hat and boots.
... If Pushkin had every reason to say about himself that he awakened “good feelings,” then Turgenev could say the same thing about himself with the same justice.
M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin
I.S. Turgenev
Homework:
write an essay
QUESTIONNAIRE
active / passive satisfied / dissatisfied short / long not tired / tired got better / got worse understandable / incomprehensible useful / useless interesting / boring easy / difficult
1. During the lesson I worked 2. With my work during the lesson I 3. The lesson seemed to me 4. For the lesson I 5. My mood
6.The lesson material was for me
7.Homework seems to me
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Slide captions:
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev (1818-1883)
Page one - "Mother". Varvara Petrovna Turgeneva “Orphans do not remain children for long. I myself was an orphan and I really felt my benefit before others... I didn’t have a mother; my mother was like a stepmother to me. She was married, other children, other connections. I was alone in the world."
Page two - "Father". Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev Stolbovoy nobleman (the Turgenevs traced their family back to 1440 from the Tatar Murza Lev Turgen), a brilliant officer, a handsome man.
Page three - “Childhood impressions.”
Page Four - “Years of Study”
Page five - “The Work of Turgenev” In 1836, Turgenev showed his poetic experiments in a romantic spirit to the writer of Pushkin’s circle, university professor P. A. Pletnev; he invites the student to a literary evening, and in 1838 publishes his poems “Evening” and “To the Venus of Medicine” in Sovremennik (by this time Turgenev had written about a hundred poems, mostly not preserved, and the dramatic poem “Wall”).
In May 1838, Turgenev went to Germany (the desire to complete his education was combined with rejection of the Russian way of life, based on serfdom). The disaster of the steamship “Nicholas I”, on which Turgenev sailed, will be described by him in the essay “Fire at Sea” (1883; in French). Until August 1839, Turgenev lived in Berlin, attended lectures at the university, studied classical languages, wrote poetry, and communicated with T. N. Granovsky and N. V. Stankevich. After a short stay in Russia, in January 1840 he went to Italy, but from May 1840 to May 1841 he was again in Berlin, where he met M. A. Bakunin.
In 1843 the poem “Parasha” appeared, which was highly appreciated by V. G. Belinsky. Acquaintance with the critic, a rapprochement with his entourage that turned into friendship (in particular, with N.A. Nekrasov) changed his literary orientation: from romanticism he turned to an ironic-descriptive poem (“The Landowner”, “Andrey”).
The main work of this period is “Notes of a Hunter”, a cycle of lyrical essays and stories, which began with the story “Khor and Kalinich”. A separate two-volume edition of the cycle was published in 1852, later the stories “The End of Chertopkhanov” (1872), “Living Relics”, “Knocks” (1874). Turgenev showed the diversity of human types, discovering Russia and the Russian man, laying the foundation for the “peasant theme.” “Notes of a Hunter” became the semantic foundation of Turgenev’s entire subsequent work: this is where the theme of the “superfluous man” comes from.
"Rudin" (1856) opens a series of Turgenev's novels. “The Noble Nest”, 1859. “On the Eve”, 1860. “Fathers and Sons”, 1862. “Smoke” 1867. "Nove", 1877
In 1878, at the international literary congress in Paris, the writer was elected vice-president; in 1879 he is an honorary doctor of Oxford University. Turgenev maintains contacts with Russian revolutionaries (P. L. Lavrov, G. A. Lopatin) and provides material support to emigrants. In 1880, Turgenev took part in the celebrations in honor of the opening of the monument to Pushkin in Moscow.
Page Six - "Liberals"
Page seven – “Turgenev and Viardot. Love Story"
But - wow! Applause thunders! You trembled - greedy attention Raises the folds of your forehead. As if something had pushed you, You stood up heavily from the chair, With a clenched hand in a glove, Pressed the double lorgnette to your eyes And turned pale... She came in Oh, this insinuating singing! The flame is hidden in it - there is no salvation! Delight, similar to fear, is already breathtaking! You froze! Ya. Polonsky
“My dear and kind Madame Viardot! How are you doing? Do you often think about me? There is not a day that your sweet image does not appear before me hundreds of times, there is not a night that I do not see you in my dreams...”
“Hello, my dear Turgenev. How late you are with your letter! ... Dear good friend, I extend my hands to you and love you very tenderly... Write to me every week...”
Page eight - “The Last Years of Life” Turgenev turns to memoirs (“Literary and Everyday Memoirs”, 1869-80) and “Poems in Prose” (1877-82), where almost all the main themes of his work are presented, and a summary occurs as if in the presence of approaching death.
He was buried at the Volkov cemetery in St. Petersburg. The funeral in St. Petersburg resulted in a mass demonstration.
When there is a need to interest schoolchildren in the story of the writer’s life, you should turn to the presentation “Turgenev”. It is much more interesting for children not only to listen to educational facts and descriptions of the life of a great man, but also to draw images within themselves for further memorization. Seeing portraits of Ivan Turgenev, illustrations for famous works, and highlighted information about key points, the student will be able to subsequently revive what he heard and retain in his memory the biography of the great writer for a long time.
The presentation on the biography of Turgenev is presented laconically, but it has a certain style that is characteristic of the works of a famous personality of the late 19th century. Sections are devoted to the main moments of his life, which led the poet, writer and publicist to the true calling of a genius. The life and work of Turgenev is touched upon more than once in the school curriculum, so visual material will come in handy to enliven the lesson. Literature classes should be imbued with the spirit of the times described by Turgenev, and the slides perfectly convey this atmosphere. Students will appreciate the modern approach to learning and retain their knowledge for many years.
You can view the slides on the website or download a presentation on the topic “Turgenev” in PowerPoint format from the link below.
Biography of Turgenev 
Childhood 
Parents 
Family estate 
The writer's childhood 
Early years of study 
Later years of study 
The beginning of creative activity 
Spouse 
Creative activity 
“Notes of a Hunter” 
Novels 
“Poems in Prose” 
Recent years 
Death
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